Neil D. Burgess, Paul Harrison, Peter Sumbi, James Laizer, Adam ...

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BIODIVERSITY BASELINE: TANZANIA’S COASTAL FORESTS 2011 In the northern end of the Mbarawala Plateua there is the Uchungwa forest (also known as Namateule or Namatimbili). This forest remains largely unsurveyed and is not reserved under any status, but remote sensing indicates significant areas of various coastal forest types including ca. 29 km 2 of scrub forest and ca. 34 km 2 of mixed dry forest. The Uchungwa and Mitundumbea forests are split by the Mavuji River which has cut a dramatic gorge through the ancient coral rag escarpment. The area contains a mosaic of different types of dry forest in pristine condition. The coral rag area contains a unique type of dry forest including high densities of the cycad Encephalartos hildebrandtii (UTUMI 2001). This area is dominated by the Lindi region endemic trees Cynometra filifera, Cynometra gillmannii and Erythrina schliebenii. The tree species E. schliebenii was considered to be extinct (IUCN 2008). There is also a little disturbed and well developed band (ca. 3 km 2 ) of riverine forest along the gorge of the Mavuji River. Types of trees There is a wide diversity of tree species in Kilwa Landscape with both miombo woodland and coastal forest species found in high proportions. Some of the main species in the woodlands are presented in Table 6. The rest of areas of this landscape are covered by coastal forest, grassland/wetland and rock outcrops. The landscape forms important parts of water catchment for Matandu, Mavuji and Mbwemkuru rivers that drains different parts as seen above. Table 6: Main tree species and perceptions of villages on abundance of some tree species in the landscape Local Name Scientific names Perceived Abundance Mninga Pterocarpus angolensis Medium Timber Mkongo Afzelia quanzensis Medium Timber Mpingo Dalbergia melanoxylon High Timber Mtondo Brachystegia spiciformis High Timber Mkangazi Khaya anthotheca Medium Timber Myombo Brachystegia boehmii High Timber Mbuyu Adansonia digitata High Mikunya Sterculia appendiculata High Msufi pori Bombax rhodognaphalon Medium Mng’ong’o Sclerocarya birrea High Mkwanga Zanha africana High Mgelegele Brachystegia bussei High Msekeseke Ochna densicoma Medium Use There are also a number of threatened plant species in the landscape.
BIODIVERSITY BASELINE: TANZANIA’S COASTAL FORESTS 2011 Table 7: Plants within the Kilwa landscape listed as threatened on the IUCN Red list (2008) Site Family Species Habitat Habit RL cat Uchungwa Fabaceae (Caes.) Cynometra filifera F T CR B1+2abcde ver 2.3 (1994) Uchungwa Fabaceae (Caes.) Cynometra gillmanii F T CR B1+2abcde, C2b ver 2.3 (1994) Uchungwa Tiliaceae Grewia goetzeana Uchungwa Ebenaceae Diospyros magogoana F, W, T DD ver 2.3 (1994) F T, S EN B1+2bc ver 2.3 (1994) Uchungwa Fabaceae (Pap.) Erythrina schliebenii F T EX ver 2.3 (1994) Uchungwa Zamiaceae Encephalartos hildebrandtii Uchungwa Rubiaceae Gardenia transvenulosa Uchungwa Annonaceae Lettowianthus stellatus Uchungwa Papillionaceae Milletia stuhlmanii Uchungwa Rutaceae Vepris sansibarensis Uchungwa Rutaceae Zanthoxylum holtzianum F T NT ver 3.1 (2001) F, W, T, S VU B1+2b ver 2.3 (1994) F T VU B1+2b ver 2.3 (1994) F,W T VU B1+2b ver 2.3 (1994) F T, S VU B1+2b ver 2.3 (1994) F,W T VU B1+2d, D2 ver 2.3 (1994) Source: Perkin et al (2008b). In Kilwa Landscape there are six plants that are strictly endemic to the Kilwa Landscape (data from Prins and Clarke 2006; Clarke 2001): Karomia gigas – effectively endemic to Mitundumbea Forest Reserve and Ngarama North Forest Reserve following the extinction of the only known individual from Kenya Erythrina schliebenii – effectively endemic to Uchungwa forest following its probable extinction from the lake Lutamba area. Pterygota sp. nov. – Uchungwa forest Trichilia sp. nov. a ff. lovettii – Uchungwa forest. Probably the same Trichilia sp. nov found in Chitoa Forest Reserve in 1995. Baphia cf. keniensis – Ruwawa Plateau (Ngarama North and South Forest Reserves) Leptactina cf. oxyloba - Ruwawa Plateau (Ngarama North and South Forest Reserves) (Source: Perkin et al.2008b). The landscape harbours many tree species of medicinal and cultural values to the surrounding communities. In the landscape local communities get timber, poles, charcoal, local medicines, fuel
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MANAGEMENT ISSUES: TANZANIA’S COA
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FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY: TANZANIA
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SOCIO-ECONOMIC BASELINE: TANZANIA
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SOCIO-ECONOMIC BASELINE: TANZANIA
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REFERENCES: TANZANIA’S COASTAL FO
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ANNEXES: TANZANIA’S COASTAL FORES
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KILWA LINDI MATUMBI ZANZIBAR Red Li
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KILWA LINDI MATUMBI ZANZIBAR Notes
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KILWA LINDI MATUMBI ZANZIBAR Notes
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KILWA LINDI MATUMBI ZANZIBAR ENDEMI
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Neil D. Burgess, Paul Harrison, Peter Sumbi, James Laizer, Adam ...

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