Neil D. Burgess, Paul Harrison, Peter Sumbi, James Laizer, Adam ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

SOCIO-ECONOMIC BASELINE: TANZANIA’S COASTAL FORESTS 2011 5.7 Kilwa Landscape The total population of Kilwa District in 2002 was 171,057 living in 36,549 households. It is administratively divided into 6 divisions 20 wards and 97 registered villages (Masoko and Kivinje Urban areas inclusive). The following data is based on a 2011 socioeconomic baseline survey; 85% of the Kilwa district’s population is married; 3% is widowed; 5% divorced and 7% are single. 70% of the population has received primary education, 5% has received secondary education; 20% have not received any formal education, and 5% have completed adult school. The average land holding is 5.7 acres; where 0.17 acres have woodlot; 1.42 acres have maize; 0.78 acres have rice and the rest is not used. Of those surveyed, no-one owned cattle, there was an average of two goats and 9 poultry animals (chicken or ducks) per household. Results from this survey indicate that 86% have thatched grass roofing; 14% have iron sheet roofing, and none have tile roofing. The main source of cooking energy for 81% of Kilwa residents is firewood; for 11% is charcoal, and none reportedly use kerosene. For a source of water, 59% use wells, 36% use rivers, 5% use springs, and none use taps. The economy of Kilwa Landscape hinges on crop production, livestock keeping, fishing, trade and to a very limited extent industrial activities. Like in most districts in Tanzania, Kilwa residents and their District Council draw a substantial amount of income and food from small holder cultivators. The most popular crops are cashew nuts, simsim and coconuts. There is not much cash generated from maize, cassava and rice. The average per capital income is estimated to TSh. 150,000/= per year. 5.8 Lindi Landscape Population Size According to the Census of 2002, the official population of Lindi District was 215,764 people of which 102,530 were males and 113,234 females. Updates on the population status could not be found during the study visit and therefore, these data are only indicative. Based on a 2011 socioeconomic baseline survey, 76% of Lindi’s population is married; 10% is widowed; 4% is divorced and 10% are single. 70% of the population has received primary education; 6% has received secondary education; 24% have not received any type of formal education, and none of the representative sample had completed adult school. Social economic The main economic activity for the majority of the local community in Lindi region is agriculture which employs over 90% of the population. Crops farmed in the area, and particularly in villages in the landscape, include cashew nuts, simsim, groundnuts, pigeon peas, cow peas, green gram, palm trees, mbambara nuts, cassava, sorghum and maize. Cashew nuts, simsim and coconuts are mainly for sale. The average land size is 3.2 acres, and there are no woodlots; 1.12 of the acres have maize and 0.33 of the acres have rice. Of those surveyed, no-one owned cattle within the Lindi district, there was one goat on average per household, and each house had nine poultry animals (chicken or ducks). Results from this survey indicate that 88% of the houses have thatched grass roofing, 10% have iron sheets, and 2% have tiles. The main source of cooking energy for 83% of Lindi residents is firewood, 17% is charcoal, and none reportedly use kerosene. For a source of water, 48% use wells, 33% use rivers, 13% use springs and 6% use taps. This landscape is also a source of forest products to the community. The products gathered/harvested and services provided from the forests in the landscape include bush meat, vegetables, timber, building poles, tubers (ming’oko), mushrooms, fruits, thatch grasses, edible 78
SOCIO-ECONOMIC BASELINE: TANZANIA’S COASTAL FORESTS 2011 insects, grasshoppers (senene), termites, (likukungunguni), medicines, water and climate amelioration, and firewood (mainly from open areas). 5.9 Zanzibar Landscape Socio-economic data for Zanzibar was not gathered for this baseline. 5.10 Concluding Remarks The protected area network in the southern Tanzanian landscapes is funded through a number of projects. These projects provide the greatest source of funds for conservation and development in the region, with government providing salaries and some logistical support. Government is also responsible for law enforcement and control over harvesting and hunting. Opportunities to improve the income potential from these forests are available in the form of sustainable logging of high value tree species, and of developing forest carbon projects. Attempts have also been made to use the forest land for plantation agriculture, for example for Jatropha biofuels. But, these schemes have so far not managed to deliver sustainable agriculture, and even less sustainable forest use. The socio-economic situation of the communities surrounding the coastal forests in southern Tanzania is one where the people are dependent on some forest resources for cash and subsistence, but are also very poor and seeking other ways to make money to support their lives. As such there is significant involvement in illegal bushmeat hunting, elephant poaching and logging of high value timber from the forests and woodlands. 79
Page 1 and 2:
SYNTHESIS OF BASELINE INFORMATION O
Page 3 and 4:
Page 5 and 6:
Page 7 and 8:
Page 9 and 10:
Page 11 and 12:
Page 13 and 14:
Page 15 and 16:
INTRODUCTION: TANZANIA’S COASTAL
Page 17 and 18:
BIODIVERSITY BASELINE: TANZANIA’S
Page 19 and 20:
Genus Species Synonyms Red List sta
Page 21 and 22:
East Usambara Kilulu Hills Amboni C
Page 23 and 24:
Page 25 and 26:
Page 27 and 28:
Page 29 and 30:
Page 31 and 32:
Page 33 and 34:
Page 35 and 36:
SPATIAL PLANNING BASELINE: TANZANIA
Page 37 and 38:
Page 39 and 40:
Page 41 and 42:
Page 43 and 44: SPATIAL PLANNING BASELINE: TANZANIA
Page 65 and 66: MANAGEMENT ISSUES: TANZANIA’S COA
Page 73 and 74: Vikindu Pande Pugu Ruvu Kisiju Much
Page 79 and 80: METT scores (total out of 100) MANA
Page 91 and 92: FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY: TANZANIA
Page 93: SOCIO-ECONOMIC BASELINE: TANZANIA
Page 97 and 98: REFERENCES: TANZANIA’S COASTAL FO
Page 103 and 104: ANNEXES: TANZANIA’S COASTAL FORES
Page 113 and 114: KILWA LINDI MATUMBI ZANZIBAR Red Li
Page 125 and 126: KILWA LINDI MATUMBI ZANZIBAR Notes
Page 127 and 128: KILWA LINDI MATUMBI ZANZIBAR Notes
Page 133 and 134: KILWA LINDI MATUMBI ZANZIBAR ENDEMI
Page 145 and 146:
ANNEXES: TANZANIA’S COASTAL FORES
Page 147 and 148:
Page 149 and 150:
Page 151 and 152:
Page 153 and 154:
Page 155 and 156:
Page 157 and 158:
Page 159 and 160:
Page 161 and 162:
Page 163 and 164:
Page 165 and 166:
Page 167 and 168:
Page 169 and 170:
Page 171 and 172:
Page 173 and 174:
show all

Neil D. Burgess, Paul Harrison, Peter Sumbi, James Laizer, Adam ...

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?