Neil D. Burgess, Paul Harrison, Peter Sumbi, James Laizer, Adam ...

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BIODIVERSITY BASELINE: TANZANIA’S COASTAL FORESTS 2011 wood, land for cultivation, wild meat, honey, wild fruits, sources of water, building materials, clean air and rain. Birds The landscape is an important area for coastal forest birds. Uchungwa, Mitundumbea, Ngarama N&S and Pindiro contain populations of plain backed sunbird (Anthreptes reichenowi), and southern-banded snake eagle (Circaetus fasciolatus). Other forest dependent species present in the landscape include African Broadbill Smithornis capensis, little greenbul Andropadus virens (only in Litipo), tiny greenbul (Phyllastrephus debilis) and yellow-streaked greenbul (P. flavostriatus). Within the landscape, the near endemic subspecies, the Rondo green barbet (Stractolaema olivacea spp. hylophona) is present in Uchungwa, Mitundumbea and Ngarama N&S, whilst Reichenow’s batis (Batis mixta reichenowi) occurs in Uchungwa, Mitundumbea, Ngarama N&S and Pindiro. Mammals Namatimbili, Mitundumbea, Ngarama N&S and Pindiro FR is important for the near endemic Grant’s galago (Galagoides granti), the lesser pouched rat (Beamys hindei) and the chequered elephant shrew (Rhynchocyon cirnei macrurus). Elephant (Loxodonta africana) and lion (Panthera leo) occur in low numbers, and African wild dog (Lycaon pictus) has been seen in recent years. There is an interesting isolated population of bush hyrax (Heterohyrax sp) in Uchungwa and Mitundumbea Other large and medium sized mammals include buffalo (Syncerus caffer), hartebeest (Alcelaphus buselaphus), bush pig (Potamocherus porcus), leopard (Panthera pardus), zebra (Equus brucheli), impala (Aepyceros melampus) wildebeest (Connochaetes taurinus), sable antelope (Hippotragus niger), dik dik (Madoqua kirkii), common duiker (Sylvicarpa grimmia), porcupine (Hystrix spp), hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibious) and spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta). 2.9 Lindi Landscape Biodiversity status The natural vegetation of the Rondo/Noto landscape is extremely variable and includes: scrub forest, dry evergreen forest, woodland and transitional woodlands, riverine forest, and thickets. Other land cover types include the Rondo pine plantation forest. Type of trees Different types of trees are found in the landscape. These are detailed in Table 8 together with their perceived abundance levels as cited by interviewed communities. Table 8: Perceptions of villages on abundance of some tree species in the surrounding woodlands around Rondo Forest Reserve S/N Local name Scientific name Abundance 1 Mvule Milicia excelsa Medium 2 Mbambakofi/Mkongo Afzelia quanzensis Medium 3 Mninga Pterocarpus angolensis High 4 Mpairosa Swartzia madagascarenis Low 5 Mmula Parinalia curratellifolia High
BIODIVERSITY BASELINE: TANZANIA’S COASTAL FORESTS 2011 6 Njiligwi High 7 Mtuganjiwa Albizia sp High 8 Mpingo Dalbergia melanoxylon High 9 Mpangapanga Euphorbia candelabrum Low 10 Mgama Mimusops schliebenii High 11 Mtondoo Brachystegia spiciformis Medium 12 Myombo Brachystegia bohemii High 13 Mchalaka Spirostachys africana High 14 Msungura Tarenna graveolens High 15 Mkonge Psychotria bibracteata Medium 16 Msufi pori Bombax rhodognaphalon Medium 17 Msama Medium Birds This landscape is also an important area for coastal forest birds. Rondo contains populations of east coast akalat (Sheppardia gunningi), plain backed sunbird (Anthreptes reichenowi) and Southern-banded snake eagle (Circaetus fasciolatus). There are also interesting sub-species of birds – such as rondo green barbet (Stractolaema olivacea spp. hylophona) and Reichenow’s Batis (Batis reichenowi). Rondo Plateau is a breeding site for the East African population of spotted ground thrush (Zoothera guttata). Mammals Rondo, Chitoa, Litipo and Ruawa are critical sites for the Tanzanian endemic Rondo Galago (Galagoides rondoensis) – which is known from five other small forest patches in coastal Tanzania. There is an interesting isolated population of bush hyrax (Heterohyrax sp) in Ruawa and the landscape is important for the near endemic Grant’s galago (Galagoides granti), the lesser pouched rat (Beamys hindei) and the Chequered elephant shrew (Rhynchocyon cirnei macrurus). The landscape is also important for more widespread species such as elephant (Loxodonta africana), buffalo (Syncerus caffer), leopards (Panthera padus), lion (Panthera leo), bushbuck (Tragelaphus scriptus), bush pig (Potamocherus porcus), baboon (Papio spp.), vervet monkey (Chlorocebus pygerythrus), zebra (Equus burcheli), hartebeest (Alcelaphus buselaphus) and spotted hyenas (Crocuta crocuta). Reptiles Reptile species that are endemic to the Lindi Landscape include three species of reptile (Melanoseps rondoensis, Scolecoseps litipoensis and Typhlops rondoensis). There are also two near-endemic reptiles: (Chirindia rondoensis and Chirindia ewerbecki). All of these species have been recorded from the Rondo plateau. 2.10 Zanzibar Landscape The Zanzibar landscape includes numerous small islands and two large ones: Unguja (the main island, informally referred to as "Zanzibar"), and Pemba (Figure 4). The biodiversity priority landscapes and ecosystems of Zanzibar are high forests covering 98,329 ha, coral rag forests covering 6,119 ha and
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MANAGEMENT ISSUES: TANZANIA’S COA
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FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY: TANZANIA
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SOCIO-ECONOMIC BASELINE: TANZANIA
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SOCIO-ECONOMIC BASELINE: TANZANIA
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REFERENCES: TANZANIA’S COASTAL FO
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ANNEXES: TANZANIA’S COASTAL FORES
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