Beyond Glass Ceilings and Brick Walls - International Labour ...

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in sync with each other. The workers of all divisions interact and work towards a common goal. ii. Organizational structures - Strategy implementation requires effective and smooth communication among all personnel. Structures of the organization should be conducive to free communication, exchange of information and informed decision making. iii. Strategic controls - Controls ensure that the efforts are “on track” and necessary feedback obtained to ensure that all activities and functions are focused on achieving organizational goals. iv. Strategic leadership - Leadership influences all other aspects of strategy implementation. Leaders design structures for organizations and the required controls and are the driving force behind organizations. The nature of strategic management is changing in such a way that all managers, regardless of the organizational level and functional speciality, are becoming involved in helping to formulate and implement strategies. When examining economic and social trends that are affecting all organizations as well as the strategic management approaches, it is clear that an effective holistic approach is required. Within a holistic approach, human resources of any organization take a central position of importance. The manner in which the employees and their inter-relationships are managed determines the success of organizations. IV Human Relations in Organizations Discussing the role of human relations and organizational behaviour, Dwivedi (1997), lists five reasons why organizations should adopt innovative approaches towards design and management. Dwivedi draws on literature of the USA, Europe and India to draw his inferences on the importance of human relations in successful organizations. They are: i. Growing recognition of the social dimension of organizations and the necessity for improving the work environment. ii. Lagging rates of growth in productivity. iii. Globalization and increasing presence of foreign competitors. iv. Tremendous rates of technological advancements in micro-electronics. v. Labour market changes as affected by education, values and expectations. 59
The concept of “quality of work life (QWL)”, referring to “the quality of the relationship between employees and the total working environment”, is being used to evaluate the effectiveness of organizations and employers. QWL seeks to create those conditions in an organization which (a) promotes individual learning and development; (b) provides individuals with influence and control over what they do and how they do it; and (c) makes available to the individuals interesting and meaningful work as a source of personal satisfaction and a means to valued personal rewards. It is also perceived as a process of labour management collaboration where equal responsibility is held by employer and employee in the development of a conducive work environment to optimize worker satisfaction and productivity. The above three themes in management (a) Trends affecting Management (b) Strategic Management and (c) Human Relations in Organizations, have provided a framework for discussing gender in management. The following can be listed as pertinent issues in relation to examining gender equity and justice in management: • Today, all organizations work in an information age and most are affected by IT. Tremendous growth in IT-based opportunities as well as the use of IT for management and worker productivity is the order of the day. • The employees are being recognized as the most important resource. Because their ideas will help maintain a competitive edge over other companies. Employees are the source of ideas; and should be recognized and treated as a major asset. • Women will continue to play an increasingly important role in the labour force. They will enter into all strata of management bringing with them modern skills. • Women and men will need to adapt and adjust to the multiple challenges of work and family. They will adopt new ways to succeed in the world of work as well as within the family. Thus organizations may have to accept them on their terms and not be biased. • Progressive managers with positive attitudes will take cognizance of global trends and provide the required environment and flexibility to make better use of their female colleagues. Those who provide the necessary incentives and opportunities will stand to gain from the expertise and skills of women managers. • Holistic approaches to management are being adopted. Strategic management adopted by successful organizations requires leadership and an organizational culture that is rational, objective and liberal. These organizational cultures will provide an empowering environment 60
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Beyond Glass Ceilings and Brick Wal
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The Wages Board Ordinance No. 27 of
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An assault may include any act that
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The most recent gender disaggregate
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Page 55 and 56: 54 PART II
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Page 59: III Strategic Management In today
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Page 109 and 110: Contents Foreword Acknowledgments I
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Foreword Today, women are active ev
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I wish to express my sincere apprec
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Introduction This book is written w
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Moreover, these same gender unequal
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Hence, a majority of workplaces do
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Moreover, gender roles and responsi
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IT, hotels and travel. There is als
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This is followed by a more localize
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PART I
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