IWMP-3 - Commissionerate of Rural Development Gujarat State ...

DWDU, Rajkot
4.3.2.3 Plains or Flat level/Field level:
1. Farm pond
2. Irrigation/Percolation tank
3. Farm bund
4. Afforestation
1) Farm Pond:
There is very little qualitative difference between a pond/ tank, which usually serves the population of a village, and farm pond, which
serves an individual agricultural field. Farms ponds greatly vary in size depending upon the rainfall. These have only a few meters of
length and width and are built across the flow path of natural drainage channels. Surplus water from one pond spills over to a lower pond.
In some cases a series of farm ponds are built on one single stream. Each pond caters to the irrigation needs of one farm and also augments
ground water recharge. Percolation Dam: Percolation dams are constructed for recharging groundwater. Such structures are usually made
on the upper part of the catchment area. Water stored here percolates to wells and tubewells located in the lower part of the catchment.
Such dams can also be made in the immediate upstream portion of wells and tubewells. Depending on the capacity of the dam and duration
of water storage, the dam can have secondary benefits (such as pisciculture) that are vital for the livelihood security of marginal farmers
and landless labourers.
2) Irrigation/Percolation tank
a) Irrigation Dam: Such dams can be constructed to meet two different kinds of demands.
• of storing water during the rainy season to be used for irrigation in the post-monsoon period.
• of providing protective irrigation during dry spells within the rainy season. Most parts of India typically receive rainfall
Detailed Project Report: IWMP-III 66