Nevada Greenhouse Gas Inventory and Reference Case Projections

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FINAL Nevada GHG Inventory and Reference Case Projection CCS, July 2007 Historical Emissions Overview Preliminary analyses suggest that in 2005, activities in Nevada accounted for approximately 49.5 million metric tons (MMt) of CO 2 e emissions, an amount equal to 0.7% of total U.S. GHG emissions. 3 Nevada’s gross GHG emissions are rising faster than those of the nation as a whole. Nevada’s gross GHG emissions were increased by 62% from 1990 to 2004, while national emissions rose only 16% during the same period. As noted further below, these emissions are largely driven by Nevada’s rapid population growth during the period of analysis. On a per capita basis, Nevadans emit about 22 metric tons (Mt) of CO 2 e annually, which is similar to the national average of 25 MtCO 2 e/yr. Figure 1 illustrates the State’s emissions per capita and per unit of economic output. Per capita emissions in Nevada decreased between 1990 and 2004, while national per capita emissions have remained fairly flat. Economic growth exceeded emissions growth in Nevada throughout the 1990-2004 period. From 1990 to 2004, emissions per unit of gross product dropped by 40% nationally, and by 50% in Nevada. Figure 1. Nevada and US Gross GHG Emissions, Per Capita and Per Unit Gross Product 30 25 20 15 10 5 US GHG/Capita (tCO2e) NV GHG/Capita (tCO2e) US GHG/$ (100gCO2e) NV GHG/$ (100gCO2e) 0 1990 1995 2000 2005 Electricity use and transportation are the State’s principal GHG emissions sources. Together, the combustion of fossil fuels for electricity generation and in the transportation sector accounted for 74% of Nevada’s gross GHG emissions in 2000, as shown in Figure 2. The remaining use of fossil fuels — natural gas, oil products, and coal — in the residential, commercial, and industrial (RCI) sectors, plus the emissions from fossil fuel production, constituted another 13% of total State emissions. 3 United States emissions estimates are drawn from US EPA 2006. Inventory of US Greenhouse gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2004. Nevada Division of 4 Center for Climate Strategies Environmental Protection www.climatestrategies.us
FINAL Nevada GHG Inventory and Reference Case Projection CCS, July 2007 Figure 2. Gross GHG Emissions by Sector, 2000, Nevada and US Nevada Res/Com Fuel Use 8% Transport 32% Industrial Process 5% Waste 3% Agric. 4% US Res/Com Fuel Use 9% Transport 26% Industrial Process 5% Waste 4% Agric. 7% Industrial Fuel Use 5% Fossil Fuel Ind. 1% Electric Sector 42% Industrial Fuel Use 14% Fossil Fuel Ind. (CH4) 3% Electricity 32% Industrial process emissions comprised almost 5% of State GHG emissions in 2000, but these emissions are rising rapidly due to the increasing use of HFC as substitutes for ozone-depleting chlorofluorocarbons (note that HFC use extends throughout the RCI sector and into the transportation sector, as well). 4 Other industrial process emissions result from carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) released during soda ash, limestone, and dolomite use. Agriculture (methane and N 2 O emissions from manure management, fertilizer use, and livestock), landfills and wastewater management facilities, and the fossil fuel industry produced CH 4 and N 2 O emissions together accounted for the remaining 8% of the State’s emissions in 2000. Figure 3 shows annual historic and projected GHG emissions by source sector. These emissions include all six GHGs in carbon dioxide equivalents. Figure 4 shows the contribution of each sector (MMtCO 2 e/yr) to emissions growth during both the historic period (1990-2005) and forecast period (2005-2020). The historic bars represent 2005 emissions for the sector minus the 1990 emissions for that sector, while the forecast bars represent 2020 emissions minus 2005 emissions. Forestry activities in Nevada are estimated to be net sinks for GHG emissions and forested lands account for a sink of 4.8 MMtCO 2 e. Agricultural soils account for another GHG sink of 0.18 MMtCO 2 e. 4 Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are also potent GHGs; they are not, however, included in GHG estimates because of concerns related to implementation of the Montreal Protocol. See final Appendix (Appendix I). HFCs are used in both the industrial sector as well as refrigerants in the RCI and transport sector; however, they are included here within the industrial processes emissions. Nevada Division of 5 Center for Climate Strategies Environmental Protection www.climatestrategies.us
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