Nevada Greenhouse Gas Inventory and Reference Case Projections

More documents

Recommendations

Info

FINAL Nevada GHG Inventory and Reference Case Projection CCS, July 2007 fact that aerosol mass and particle number concentrations are highly variable in space and time. This variability is largely due to the much shorter atmospheric lifetime of aerosols compared with the important GHGs (i.e. CO 2 ). Spatially and temporally resolved information on the atmospheric concentration and radiative properties of aerosols is needed to estimate radiative forcing. The quantification of indirect radiative forcing by aerosols is especially difficult. In addition to the variability in aerosol concentrations, some complicated aerosol influences on cloud processes must be accurately modeled. For example, the warm (liquid water) cloud indirect forcing may be divided into two components. The first indirect forcing is associated with the change in droplet concentration caused by increases in aerosol cloud condensation nuclei. The second indirect forcing is associated with the change in precipitation efficiency that results from a change in droplet number concentration. Quantification of the latter forcing necessitates understanding of a change in cloud liquid-water content. In addition to warm clouds, ice clouds may also be affected by aerosols. To put the radiative forcing potential of BC in context with CO 2, the IPCC estimated the radiative forcing for a doubling of the earth’s CO 2 concentration to be 3.7 watts per square meter (W/m 2 ). For BC, various estimates of current radiative forcing have ranged from 0.16 to 0.42 W/m 2 (IPCC, 2001). These BC estimates are for direct radiative effects only. There is a higher level of uncertainty associated with the direct radiative forcing estimates of BC compared to those of CO 2 and other GHGs. There are even higher uncertainties associated with the assessment of the indirect radiative forcing of aerosols. Nevada Division of 76 Center for Climate Strategies Environmental Protection www.climatestrategies.us
Sector Subsector FINAL Nevada GHG Inventory and Reference Case Projection CCS, July 2007 Table I1. 2002 BC Emission Estimates Mass Emissions CO 2 Equivalents BC OM BC+OM Low High Metric Tons Metric Tons Contribution to CO 2 e Electric Generating Units (EGUs) Coal 105 150 256 104,216 220,116 6.2% Oil 3 4 7 2,968 6,268 0.2% Gas 0 120 120 0 0 0.0% Other 0 1 1 156 330 0.0% Non-EGU Fuel Combustion (Residential, Commercial, and Industrial) Coal 28 40 67 27,429 57,933 1.6% Oil 8 6 14 7,750 16,368 0.5% Gas 0 167 167 0 0 0.0% Other a 168 455 623 80,591 170,218 4.8% Onroad Gasoline (Exhaust, Brake Wear, & Tire Wear) 62 230 292 29,643 62,609 1.8% Onroad Diesel (Exhaust, Brake Wear, & Tire Wear) 171 75 246 152,017 321,078 9.1% Aircraft 49 44 93 48,082 101,554 2.9% Railroad b 231 76 307 228,500 482,620 13.7% Other Energy Use Nonroad Gas 110 310 419 108,745 229,683 6.5% Nonroad Diesel 891 292 1,183 881,871 1,862,618 52.7% Other Combustion c 1 11 13 0 0 0.0% Industrial Processes 17 102 118 1,645 3,474 0.1% Agriculture d 3 130 133 0 0 0.0% Waste Management 0.0% Landfills 0 0 0 0 0 0.0% Incineration 0 0 1 190 402 0.0% Open Burning 30 381 411 0 0 0.0% Other 0 0 0 0 0 0.0% Wildfires/Prescribed Burns 1,132 11,352 12,484 0 0 0.0% Miscellaneous e 247 4,024 4,271 0 0 0.0% Totals 3,253 17,972 21,225 1,673,802 3,535,273 100% a Large stationary diesel engines. b Railroad includes Locomotives and Railroad Equipment Emissions. c Other Combustion includes Motor Vehicle Fire, Structure Fire, and Aircraft/Rocket Engine Fire & Testing Emissions. d Agriculture includes Agricultural Burning, Agriculture/Forestry and Agriculture, Food, & Kindred Spirits Emissions. e Miscellaneous includes Paved/Unpaved Roads and Catastrophic/Accidental Release Emissions. Nevada Division of 77 Center for Climate Strategies Environmental Protection www.climatestrategies.us
Page 1 and 2:
FINAL Nevada GHG Inventory and Refe
Page 3 and 4:
Page 5 and 6:
Page 7 and 8:
Page 9 and 10:
Page 11 and 12:
Page 13 and 14:
Summary of Preliminary Findings Int
Page 15 and 16:
Page 17 and 18:
Page 19 and 20:
Page 21 and 22:
Page 23 and 24:
Page 25 and 26:
Page 27 and 28:
Page 29 and 30:
Page 31 and 32:
Page 33 and 34:
Page 35 and 36:
Page 37 and 38: FINAL Nevada GHG Inventory and Refe
Page 49 and 50: Appendix C. Transportation Energy U
Page 55 and 56: Appendix D. Industrial Processes FI
Page 75 and 76: Appendix G. Waste Management Overvi
Page 81 and 82: Forest FINAL Nevada GHG Inventory a
Page 87: FINAL Nevada GHG Inventory and Refe
Page 91 and 92: Final Nevada GHG Inventory and Refe
show all

Nevada Greenhouse Gas Inventory and Reference Case Projections

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?