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Brentano, F. 1874. The Distinction between Mental and Physical Phenomena. In Moran, D.<br />

&<br />

Mooney, T. Eds. The Phenomenology Reader. London: Routledge, 2002. [S]<br />

Recommended Reading:<br />

Crane, T. 1998. Intentionality as the mark <strong>of</strong> the mental. In O’Hear, A. Ed. Contemporary<br />

Issues in the Philosophy <strong>of</strong> Mind. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.<br />

Also available at: www.timcrane.com<br />

Further Reading:<br />

Bartok, P. J. 2005. Brentano’s Intentionality Thesis: Beyond the Analytic and<br />

Phenomenological Readings. Journal <strong>of</strong> the History <strong>of</strong> Philosophy 43 [O]<br />

Brandl, J. L. The Immanence Theory <strong>of</strong> Intentionality. In D. W. Smith & A. L. Thomasson,<br />

eds.<br />

Phenomenology and Philosophy <strong>of</strong> Mind. Oxford University Press.<br />

*Crane, T. 2006. Brentano’s Concept <strong>of</strong> Intentional Inexistence. In M. Textor, ed. The<br />

Austrian<br />

Contribution to Philosophy. London: Routledge.<br />

Also available at www.timcrane.com<br />

Fish, W. 2005. Emotions, moods and intentionality. In Forrai, G. & Kampis, G. Eds.<br />

Intentionality Past and Future. Amsterdam: Rodolpi.<br />

Also available at www.massey.ac.nz/massey/learning/departments/schoolhistoryphilosophyclassics/staff/william-fish.cfm<br />

*Jacquette, D. 2004. Brentano’s Concept <strong>of</strong> Intentionality. In Jacquette, D. Ed. The<br />

Cambridge<br />

Companion to Brentano. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.<br />

*Moran, D. 1996. Brentano’s Thesis. Proceedings <strong>of</strong> the Aristotelian Society,<br />

Supplementary<br />

Volume 70 [O]<br />

Moran, D. 2000. Heidegger’s Critique <strong>of</strong> Husserl’s and Brentano’s Accounts <strong>of</strong><br />

Intentionality.<br />

Inquiry 43 [O]<br />

Ness, A. 2008. Are only mental phenomena intentional? Analysis 68 [O]<br />

11<br />

The Topic<br />

Intentionality (not to be confused with intensionality) is ‘aboutness’, and it is commonplace<br />

that<br />

many <strong>of</strong> our mental states are about things. Brentano considers intentionality to be the<br />

defining<br />

feature <strong>of</strong> the psychological realm – all and only mental entities possess intentionality. He<br />

also<br />

<strong>of</strong>fers a particular, and controversial, account <strong>of</strong> intentionality as ‘intentional inexistence’.<br />

It is difficult to underestimate the significance <strong>of</strong> intentionality for phenomenology, as it is the<br />

basis<br />

<strong>of</strong> almost all subsequent phenomenological analyses, from Brentano Husserl onwards.<br />

Brentano might be criticised by claiming that not all mental phenomena are intentional, that<br />

not all<br />

intentional phenomena are mental, or that the intentional inexistence account <strong>of</strong> intentionality<br />

is<br />

false.<br />

The Reading<br />

In this classic text, Brentano sets himself the task <strong>of</strong> finding a principle that distinguishes<br />

mental<br />

from non-mental phenomena. He considers a number <strong>of</strong> proposals, rejecting some and<br />

tentatively<br />

48

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