Lecture Notes for Computer Architecture II - St. Cloud State University

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Lecture 29 Instruction fetch step IR = memory (PC) PC = PC + 4 Instruction decode / Register fetch A = Reg [IR[25-21]] B = Reg[IR[20-16]] Aluout = PC + sign extend(IR[15-0]
Lecture 30 Microprogramming - FSM can contain thousands of states - graphical representation difficult – good for small - specifying complex control function as equation without making any mistakes is difficult - use micro instruction - define the set of datapath control signals that must be assorted in a given state - executing a micro instruction has the effect of asserting control signals specified by the micro inst. - should specify sequentials - sometimes next state - sometimes depend on the ip micro inst format Page | 177 label 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 label any string Alucontrol - specify the operation – add, sub, func code - result in Aluout SRC1 SRC2 First Aluop – PC, Reg A Second OP – B, 4, op of sign ext unit, ext shift(op of shift by two unit) Register Control Specify read or write for the register file & the cource of the value of a write 1. Read 2 regs rs rt of IR put data A & B 2. WriteALU Reg 3. Write MDR – write the content of MDR using rt of IR Memory Specify Read or Write & the cource for the memory For Read – specify the destination register 1. Read PC – reading memory using PC as address 2. Read ALU – Reading memory using ALUout as address write result intoMDR 3. Write ALU – Write memory using ALUout as address contests of ??? PCWrite Control Specify the writing of the PC 1. ALU 2. ALUout-control 3. Jump address
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Page | 1 Lecture Notes for Computer
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knowledge given in the book chapter
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CS 320 SCHEDULE (tentative) Week Wh
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6. Project reports - Presentation C
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9. Course policies: 1) Satisfactory
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Size - keep shrinking 1994 124mm 2
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Families of different models - Inte
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Super Computers CRAY - 1 st vector
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Fastest super computers November 20
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Class Activity - 2. Trace the conte
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TUTOR 1.32:> PHYSICAL ADDRESS=00002
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Class Activity 3 - Study of instruc
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Class Activity 4 - Study of instruc
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Performance Improvement at Instruct
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5. Register indirect addressing mod
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High Level Language Statements Ass
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Lecture 7 Data transfer memory reg
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Problem Translate HLL statement A[
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More MIPS instructions jump j jr $S
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Problem Translate the following Whi
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Problem Translate the following exp
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Problem Translate the following exp
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Lecture 10 Translation of High Leve
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Translation of Procedures Problem H
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Example Write the MIPS code to comp
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Program Counter -relative op rs rt
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Example Opcode always 1 byte Memory
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Lecture 13 Enhancing Performance at
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Number Systems Numbers + ve numbers
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Example: Design a one bit ALU with
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Lecture 14 - Performance Improvemen
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Design of Adders c 1 a n , ..., a 1
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Carry lookahead adder Problem with
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Another look at CLA xi + yi = Pi xi
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4-bit CLA Page | 75 generates C3 ge
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Lecture 15 Performance Improvement
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Example 981 X 1234 0981 X 1234 mult
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Example Consider the multiplication
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2 nd version Reduce cost by reducin
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4th step 4 bits registers 0010 4 bi
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0010 ADDER Page | 87 0001 0010 ADDE
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2's complement of m'cand 1111110101
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0010 ADDER Page | 91 1111 0001 1 no
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Lecture 16 - Performance Improvemen
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Hardware units needed to perform th
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Step 1 Rem = Rem - Divisor ( this t
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5th step Rem = Rem - Divisor Now Re
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2nd step Shift remainder left Rem =
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3 rd version of Division algorithm
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Step 3 Rem = Rem - Div Rem > 0 Shif
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Normalized Form keeps one digit lef
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Let us consider the addition of two
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Control path Inputs Exponent differ
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Lecture 19 Architectures for Crypto
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1. Following pseudo code represents
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Find 7 36 mod 11 using right to lef
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Lecture 20 - Performance Chapter -
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total amount of work done in a give
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Question 4 Assuming the CPI for pro
Page 125 and 126: Question 9 Yet another user has the
Page 127 and 128: Question 12 Assuming the CPI values
Page 129 and 130: Use C2 CPI on M1 = 4*0.3+6*0.2+8*0.
Page 131 and 132: Question 15 We are interested in tw
Page 133 and 134: Question 18 You are the lead design
Page 135 and 136: Arithmetic Logic unit Register file
Page 137 and 138: Lecture 22 - Processor Design - Dat
Page 139 and 140: Example Design the data path to fet
Page 141 and 142: Now combine two functional units to
Page 143 and 144: Lecture 23 Processor Design - Data
Page 145 and 146: Example : - Design DataPath for SW
Page 147 and 148: Processor Design - Data path for R&
Page 149 and 150: Example : - Implement R+ I +J Forma
Page 151 and 152: 31 26 0 4 control signals EX/Addres
Page 153 and 154: Draw the logic circuit _ _ _ _ _ _
Page 155 and 156: Single cycle implementation of the
Page 157 and 158: from Aluop B from output PC Data Ad
Page 159 and 160: Lecture 27 High level view of the F
Page 161 and 162: 0 Page | 161 1 2 3 5 4 0 - MemRead
Page 163 and 164: FSM Controller for lw/sw 6 states 0
Page 165 and 166: Lecture 28 R-type instruction conti
Page 167 and 168: Branch Instruction Fetch Page | 167
Page 169 and 170: Jump Inst Fetch Page | 169 Inst dec
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Page 173 and 174: 0 1 Page | 173 2 6 8 9 3 5 7 4 op 0
Page 175: NS0 = 1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + 9 NS1 = 2 + 3
Page 179 and 180: - Microinstruction placed in a ROM
Page 181 and 182: - In multicycle design - assume tha
Page 183 and 184: Multi-cycle implementation of the M
Page 185 and 186: 2.5 Draw the functional units neces
Page 187 and 188: 2.9 The instruction, addi (add imme
Page 189 and 190: Problems with pipelining Hazards Da
Page 191 and 192: Ex: Represent the 5 stage pipeline
Page 193 and 194: Example Represent the 5 stage pipel
Page 195 and 196: Example: Find the size of each pipe
Page 197 and 198: Pipelined control path - Single cyc
Page 199 and 200: Control signals with instructions E
Page 201 and 202: Ex: Show the control signals genera
Page 203 and 204: Ex: Show the control signals genera
Page 205 and 206: Lecture 33 Forwarding Unit Design E
Page 207 and 208: Example: Illustrate the forwarding
Page 209 and 210: Design a Forwarding unit to integra
Page 211 and 212: Ex: Forwarding with 2 inst. (1) add
Page 213 and 214: Lecture 34 Data hazard and stalls F
Page 215 and 216: Tomasulo • Lasting Contributions
Page 217 and 218: Tomasulo Organization Page | 217
Page 219 and 220: 4. Show the pipeline execution of f
Page 221 and 222: 7. Illustrate the pipelined data pa
Page 223 and 224: 11. Reorder the following instructi
Page 225 and 226: 15. Design the forwarding unit for
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Temporal locality Low Data Accessin
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Associative mapping More flexible m
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Problems 1. Here is a series of add
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6. What are the miss rate of the fo
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Installation and Usage of Maxplus I
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intend to read registers this instr
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Tomasulo hardware algorithm From Wi
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When all operands are available o I
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Lecture Notes for Computer Architecture II - St. Cloud State University

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