UK Climate Change Programme 2006 - JNCC - Defra

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104 CHAPTER EIGHT Public sector In 2004, the public sector estate, including the devolved administrations, was responsible for carbon dioxide emissions of 5.7 MtC on an end user basis or about 5 per cent of the UK total. Central government departments were responsible for about one-tenth of this that share. Emissions had fallen to about 28 per cent below 1990 levels by 2004 and we estimate that, including the expected impact of the new measures included in this programme, they will remain at about this level through to 2010, as electricity consumption has been increasing per unit of floor area with the introduction of open plan working, increased IT equipment and air conditioning, and flexible and extended working hours. The Government recognises that demonstrating leadership by reducing carbon dioxide emissions from its own estate is important and can be achieved by reducing energy demand, improving energy efficiency and continuing to source more electricity from renewables. Local authorities can have a significant influence over emissions in their local areas, particularly through how they exercise their functions and discharge their statutory duties. The Government is also currently responsible for around 30 per cent of total new build spending and will only procure buildings in the Central Government estate that are in the topquartile in terms of energy performance. Measures introduced in the Climate Change Programme 2000 are estimated to save around 0.2 MtC in 2010. Activity undertaken to meet targets in the central Government estate and NHS, public sector engagement with the Carbon Trust, and improvements in the standard of buildings as a result of the Building Regulations are the main contributors, with product policy also playing an important role. Some of the new measures that will deliver additional carbon savings to 2010 are: • provision of £4 million in new funding to create a local authority best practice support and improvement programme to be launched in 2006-7 and consideration of how to ensure that the local government performance framework will include an appropriate focus on action on climate change, sufficient to incentivise more authorities to reach the levels of the best. • a new revolving loan fund of £20m to finance investment by the public sector in energy efficiency. This will provide support to at least 20 local authorities in 2006-07 and 20 other public sector organisations by the end of 2008; and • delivering the DfES Building Schools for the Future and other capital programmes to make a substantial improvement in energy efficiency and carbon emissions standards of new and refurbished schools in England. Together it is estimated that these new measures will contribute an additional 0.3 MtC of carbon savings in 2010, bringing total savings in 2010 to 0.5 MtC. Introduction 1. The public sector is in a key position to lead on carbon emissions reduction by setting a behavioural and strategic example to the private sector. By setting high standards of energy efficiency and reducing carbon emissions, the public sector can not only reduce its own emissions but also influence the supply chain for buildings and energy-using appliances. 2. However, like the private sector, public sector organisations, face barriers in identifying and driving through carbon saving opportunities. A key consideration is finding the up-front investment that could lead to savings in future years. Equally important is the need to engage senior management and to attract staff resources dedicated to tackling energy waste. By overcoming these barriers in its own organisation, the Government can set an example for the wider public and the private sector to follow.
Public sector 105 Greenhouse gas emissions inventory and projections 3. In 2004, public sector greenhouse gas emissions were around 6 MtC on an end user basis, around 3.3 percent of total UK emissions and had reduced by some 30 percent since 1990. Annual emissions by 2010 are expected to be 23 per cent below 1990 levels. These emissions include those from the central government estate, the NHS estate, local authorities, and the education sector 1 . Projections of greenhouse gas emissions from the public sector and estimated effect of additional quantified measures, MtC The role of local government 4. Action by local authorities is likely to be critical to the achievement of Government’s climate change objectives. Local authorities are uniquely placed to provide vision and leadership to local communities, raise awareness and help change behaviours. In addition, through their powers and responsibilities (housing, planning, local transport, powers to promote well-being and through activities such as their own local procurement and operations) they can have significant influence over emissions in their local areas. MtC 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 Historical trend Baseline with measures projections Additional quantified measures 5. During the review of the Climate Change Programme the Government commissioned a study to assess the scope for carbon savings from local and regional activity 2 . This showed that some local authorities are already taking exemplary action on climate change. For example, in response to their responsibilities under the Home Energy Conservation Act (HECA) 3 . Examples of such action have been showcased in the Round 6 Sustainable Energy Beacon Councils Theme and through initiatives such as the Nottingham Declaration on Climate Change. Greenhouse gas emissions from the public sector, MtC Gas 1990 1995 2000 2004 2010 2015 2020 Carbon dioxide 7.9 7.2 6.1 5.7 5.9 6.0 5.5 Methane 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.4 0.4 Nitrous oxide 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 Total 8.5 7.7 6.3 5.9 6.5 6.6 6.0 Change from 1990 levels -9.5 -25.0 -30.1 -22.7 -22.5 -29.4 Note: the percentage changes and emission estimates may differ slightly due to rounding Existing measures Central Government estate energy efficiency target, NHS Estates targets, UK universities and English schools 0.2 TOTAL 0.2 Additional measures Additional effort by local authorities 0.2 Revolving loan fund for the public sector 0.1 TOTAL 0.3 Carbon savings in 2010 (MtC) Carbon savings in 2010 (MtC) 1 Local authority housing is covered by the domestic sector. 2 ‘Local and Regional Action to Cut Carbon’, Centre for Sustainable Energy, July 2005. 3 Under the 1995 Home Energy Conservation Act, local authorities with housing responsibilities are required to report on energy efficiency improvements for all residential accommodation within their boundaries. They must also prepare a strategy for improving energy efficiency within residential accommodation, produce annual progress reports and set targets for themselves.
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Climate Change The UK Programme 200
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©Crown Copyright 2006 The text in
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iv Foreword We will work with our E
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2 Contents Section 5 - Annexes 00 S
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4 Executive Summary Recent experien
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6 Executive Summary In the agricult
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8 CHAPTER ONE What is climate chang
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10 What is climate change and why d
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16 International framework for acti
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24 CHAPTER ONE UK emissions invento
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26 UK emissions inventory and proje
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28 UK emissions inventory and proje
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30 CHAPTER TWO Strategy to reduce U
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32 CHAPTER THREE Energy supply The
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34 Energy supply Energy policy 6. T
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36 Energy supply Electricity from r
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38 Energy supply grid. While these
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40 Energy supply phase allocations
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42 Energy supply 53. Carbon abateme
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44 CHAPTER FOUR Business In 2004, t
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46 Business Existing measures Carbo
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48 Business • fuel used by good q
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50 Business Carbon Trust 1,000 inst
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52 Business long-term strategy to t
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Page 62 and 63: 56 Business could be complex. The r
Page 64 and 65: 58 Business 85. The EU Landfill Dir
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Page 68 and 69: 62 Transport make and on the other
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Page 74 and 75: 68 Transport An example of the fuel
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Page 80 and 81: 74 CHAPTER SIX Domestic In 2004, th
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Page 96 and 97: 90 CHAPTER SEVEN Agriculture, fores
Page 98 and 99: 92 Agriculture, forestry and land m
Page 106 and 107: 100 Agriculture, forestry and land
Page 108 and 109: 102 Agriculture, forestry and land
Page 112 and 113: 106 Public sector Sustainable Energ
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Page 116 and 117: 110 Public sector 24. The Governmen
Page 118 and 119: 112 Public sector Government Estate
Page 120 and 121: 114 Public sector 48. The Higher Ed
Page 122 and 123: 116 Public sector THE ENCODE The De
Page 124 and 125: 118 Stimulating action by individua
Page 130 and 131: 124 CHAPTER TEN Bringing it all tog
Page 132 and 133: 126 CHAPTER ELEVEN Monitoring and r
Page 135 and 136: SECTION 3 Adapting to the impacts o
Page 137 and 138: Adaptation 131 • increased subsid
Page 139 and 140: Adaptation 133 We will analyse stak
Page 141 and 142: Adaptation 135 additional market ri
Page 143 and 144: Adaptation 137 Climate change partn
Page 145 and 146: Adaptation 139 the UK Presidency of
Page 147: Adaptation 141 Conclusions 45. It i
Page 150 and 151: 144 CHAPTER ONE Scotland The Scotti
Page 152 and 153: 146 Scotland The review of the Scot
Page 154 and 155: 148 Scotland carried out around 600
Page 156 and 157: 150 Scotland Fuel poverty 28. Polic
Page 158 and 159: 152 Scotland Planning Building Regu
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154 Northern Ireland Northern Irela
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156 Northern Ireland • by 2012 at
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158 Northern Ireland view to ensuri
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160 Northern Ireland network. The i
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162 Northern Ireland increase in th
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164 Wales The impacts of climate ch
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166 Wales CHP 11. Health estates in
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168 Wales conserved and enhanced. C
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170 ANNEX A Emissions projections C
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172 Emissions projections Methodolo
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174 ANNEX B Carbon dioxide Key fact
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176 ANNEX C Methane Key facts Metha
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178 ANNEX D Nitrous oxide 1. Nitrou
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180 ANNEX E HFCs, PFCs and SF 6 Key
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182 HFCs, PFCs and SF 6 HFC, PFC, S
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184 Carbon sequestration Greenhouse
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186 Carbon sequestration future rat
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188 ANNEX H List of greenhouse gase
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190 ANNEX I Review of the 2000 Clim
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192 Glossary of terms HCFC Hydrochl
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Published by TSO (The Stationery Of
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UK Climate Change Programme 2006 - JNCC - Defra

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