Chapter 1 Minimum Flows and Levels - Southwest Florida Water ...

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Figure 2-11. 1999 Land use/cover map of the lower Braden River sub-basin. 2.4 Hydrology 2.4.1 Overview The effect of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO; see Enfield et al. 2001) on climate and river flows is considered briefly in this chapter, and its relevance and importance to developing MFLs in general is discussed. We conclude that climate is a major factor that must be considered when developing baseline or benchmark periods for evaluating flow reductions and establishing MFLs. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the development of seasonal flow blocks that are utilized for minimum flow development. 2.4.2 Florida River Flow Patterns and the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation 2-13
Smith and Stopp (1978) note that "it would be reasonable to assume that given a fairly constant climate, the amount of water flowing down a river's course each year would vary evenly about an average value." Statements such as this represent the historic paradigm with respect to the impact of climate on river flow. As a result, little attention has been paid to the potential for a climate change (oscillation) to affect river flows, and thus any change (trend) in flow other than expected annual variability has typically been assumed to be anthropogenic. While much of Florida has a summer monsoon, the north to northwest portion of the state experiences higher flows in the spring similar to most of the southeast United States. Spatial and temporal differences in flows for southeastern rivers were reviewed by Kelly (2004). By constructing plots of median daily flows (in cubic feet per second), seasonal flow patterns were clearly identified, and by dividing mean daily flows by the upstream watershed area, flows could be compared between watersheds of varying size. One of the more interesting features evident from this analysis was the existence of a distinctly bimodal flow pattern (Figure 2-12, bottom panel) which characterizes a number of streams in a rather narrow geographic band that extends from the Georgia-Florida border in the northeastern part of the state where the St. Marys River discharges into the Atlantic Ocean towards the mouth of the Suwannee River in the Big Bend area. Rivers south of this line (most of peninsular Florida) exhibit highest flows in the summer (Figure 2-12, top panel), while those north of the line exhibit highest flows in the spring (Figure 2-12, middle panel). 2-14
Page 1 and 2: Proposed Minimum Flows and Levels f
Page 3 and 4: Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page 5 and 6: 5.5 PRESCRIBED FLOW REDUCTION FOR B
Page 7 and 8: Figure 2-19. Potassium concentratio
Page 9 and 10: Figure 5-13. Median daily flow at t
Page 11 and 12: mean feature elevations are listed
Page 13 and 14: For the high flow season of the yea
Page 15 and 16: Acknowledgements The authors would
Page 17 and 18: fluctuations in water flows or leve
Page 19 and 20: Common to this list and the flow re
Page 21 and 22: Fundamental to the approach used fo
Page 23 and 24: 300 250 Block 1 Block 3 Block 2 Flo
Page 25 and 26: are outlined in Chapter 4. In Chapt
Page 27 and 28: as the freshwater segment upstream
Page 29 and 30: attributed to analytic precision di
Page 31 and 32: Figure 2-4. 1999 land use/cover map
Page 33 and 34: Table 2-2. Land use/cover and land
Page 35 and 36: Figure 2-8. 1999 Land use/cover map
Page 37: Figure 2-10. 1972 Land use/cover ma
Page 41 and 42: 2.4.2.1 Multidecadal Periods of Hig
Page 43 and 44: 2.4.3.2 Step Trend in River Flows K
Page 45 and 46: Table 2-4. Results of Kendall's tau
Page 47 and 48: 2.4.4 Benchmark Periods Climate-bas
Page 49 and 50: Oscillation were examined. On a sea
Page 51 and 52: Water Chemistry 2.4.6 Water Quality
Page 53 and 54: Braden River near Lorraine, FL 0.6
Page 55 and 56: Peace River at Arcadia, FL 10 Potas
Page 57 and 58: Table 2-8. Summary statistics for B
Page 59 and 60: 3.2 Resources and Area of Concern T
Page 61 and 62: habitat, the greater area of stream
Page 63 and 64: levels such as fish have been shown
Page 65 and 66: Figure 3-1. Example of low flow in
Page 67 and 68: USGS Braden River near Lorraine gag
Page 69 and 70: instream cross-sections were sample
Page 71 and 72: Figure 4-2. Upstream vegetation cro
Page 73 and 74: supports water surface profile calc
Page 75 and 76: The HEC-RAS model was run using 21
Page 77 and 78: Adult Spotted Sunfish Adults - Brad
Page 79 and 80: species of interest. For example cu
Page 81 and 82: 4.4 Seasonal Flow and Development o
Page 83 and 84: Wetted Perimeter - Sta. 44.9 25 20
Page 85 and 86: factors, the most conservative of w
Page 87 and 88: Chapter 5 Results and Recommended M
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Wetted Perimeter Requirements Flow
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40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 May June M
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Floodplain profiles and vegetation
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mean elevation of the Oak/popash ve
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Table 5-3. Mean (±SD) flows at the
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Elevaton (NGVD) 27.0 22.0 17.0 12.0
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Table 5-7. Median elevations, in fe
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80 70 60 Flow reduction (%) 50 40 3
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Table 5-8. Recommended percent flow
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100 90 80 % DOMINANCE 70 60 50 40 3
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Table 5-9. Mean elevation of instre
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The second standard was developed t
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Table 5-10. Proposed Minimum Flows
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Division Information and Technology
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Hupalo, R., C. Neubauer, L. Keenan,
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communities in the corridors of the
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Wharton, C.H., W.M. Kitchens, E.C.
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Confined Aquifer - A term used to d
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Instream Habitats - A specific type
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Riffle - A relatively shallow reach
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Chapter 8 Appendix A A Review of
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steps to reduce the uncertainty and
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2007). In addition, the approach us
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with limited biological knowledge o
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the other factors listed above or w
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have now been developed and adopted
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An example of the primary output fr
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prevent negative effects associated
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methods, such as LiDAR, to improve
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habitat reduction criterion and the
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Summary, Special Publication SJ2002
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Errata / comments by page number in
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4-20 Section 4.7.1, 1 st paragraph,
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Chapter 9 Appendix B - Staff Respon
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2) The panel notes that the period
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4) One aspect of Chapter 2 should b
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Preventing Significant Harm - 15% C
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they aren't getting enough particul
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Habitat Criteria and Characterizati
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Compliance Standards and Proposed M
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Glossary of Terms 13) When an inter
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