Chapter 1 Minimum Flows and Levels - Southwest Florida Water ...

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elevated. The extremely high phosphorus concentrations in the Alafia and Peace Rivers were associated with phosphate mining; although it is believed that even natural background concentrations (i.e., approximately 0.5 mg/l) in these two watersheds are still higher than would be found in the Braden River watershed. 2.4.8 Nitrogen Nitrogen has most often been reported by the USGS as nitrate or nitrate+nitrite. For our analyses, it was assumed that total nitrate, dissolved nitrate, and nitrate+nitrite are essentially equivalent, unless both were reported. In these cases, the highest concentration was used for data analysis. Total Kjeldahl nitrogen, total organic nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen are not considered here, because considerably fewer observations were typically made for these parameters. Nitrate+nitrite concentrations (Figure 2-18) are on average the lowest found in any MFLs watershed examined to date, and are comparable to those found in the Withlacoochee River (see Table 2-8) which may be the most un-impacted watershed in the District. 2.4.9 Potassium One of the more interesting and unanticipated findings of the analysis of gage site water quality data on the Peace River (SWFWMD 2002) was an apparent increasing trend in dissolved potassium (Figure 2-19). Statistical analysis revealed that the trend was significant and unrelated to increases or decreases in flow, indicating an increasing rate of loading from the watershed. It was speculated that the trend was most likely attributable to increasing fertilizer application within the watershed. Again, because of the relative paucity of data for the Lorraine gage site on the Braden River, it is difficult to speculate about a trend in potassium; however, of the parameters examined, this is the only one with a mean that is higher than the means for other rivers (Table 2-8). It, therefore, seems likely that this constituent's concentration is probably higher than would have occurred naturally. Given that this watershed is more highly urbanized than others studied thus far and still retains a relatively high percentage of land in agricultural use, increased potassium concentrations may well be associated with increased use of fertilizer in the watershed. It should be noted, however, that we are not aware of any ecological consequence of this presumed increased loading. 2-27
Braden River near Lorraine, FL 0.6 Phosphorus (mg/l P) 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 Jan-60 Dec-69 Dec-79 Dec-89 Dec-99 Braden River near Lorraine, FL 0.6 Phosphorus (mg/l P) 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 Jan-90 Dec-92 Dec-95 Dec-98 Dec-01 Dec-04 Braden River near Lorraine, FL 0.6 Phosphorus (mg/l P) 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 Flow (cfs) Figure 2-17. Phosphorus concentrations in water samples collected by the USGS at the Braden River near Lorraine gage. Upper plot is time series plot; middle plot is time series plot with shorter time scale, and bottom plot is concentration versus flow. 2-28
Page 1 and 2: Proposed Minimum Flows and Levels f
Page 3 and 4: Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page 5 and 6: 5.5 PRESCRIBED FLOW REDUCTION FOR B
Page 7 and 8: Figure 2-19. Potassium concentratio
Page 9 and 10: Figure 5-13. Median daily flow at t
Page 11 and 12: mean feature elevations are listed
Page 13 and 14: For the high flow season of the yea
Page 15 and 16: Acknowledgements The authors would
Page 17 and 18: fluctuations in water flows or leve
Page 19 and 20: Common to this list and the flow re
Page 21 and 22: Fundamental to the approach used fo
Page 23 and 24: 300 250 Block 1 Block 3 Block 2 Flo
Page 25 and 26: are outlined in Chapter 4. In Chapt
Page 27 and 28: as the freshwater segment upstream
Page 29 and 30: attributed to analytic precision di
Page 31 and 32: Figure 2-4. 1999 land use/cover map
Page 33 and 34: Table 2-2. Land use/cover and land
Page 35 and 36: Figure 2-8. 1999 Land use/cover map
Page 37 and 38: Figure 2-10. 1972 Land use/cover ma
Page 39 and 40: Smith and Stopp (1978) note that "i
Page 41 and 42: 2.4.2.1 Multidecadal Periods of Hig
Page 43 and 44: 2.4.3.2 Step Trend in River Flows K
Page 45 and 46: Table 2-4. Results of Kendall's tau
Page 47 and 48: 2.4.4 Benchmark Periods Climate-bas
Page 49 and 50: Oscillation were examined. On a sea
Page 51: Water Chemistry 2.4.6 Water Quality
Page 55 and 56: Peace River at Arcadia, FL 10 Potas
Page 57 and 58: Table 2-8. Summary statistics for B
Page 59 and 60: 3.2 Resources and Area of Concern T
Page 61 and 62: habitat, the greater area of stream
Page 63 and 64: levels such as fish have been shown
Page 65 and 66: Figure 3-1. Example of low flow in
Page 67 and 68: USGS Braden River near Lorraine gag
Page 69 and 70: instream cross-sections were sample
Page 71 and 72: Figure 4-2. Upstream vegetation cro
Page 73 and 74: supports water surface profile calc
Page 75 and 76: The HEC-RAS model was run using 21
Page 77 and 78: Adult Spotted Sunfish Adults - Brad
Page 79 and 80: species of interest. For example cu
Page 81 and 82: 4.4 Seasonal Flow and Development o
Page 83 and 84: Wetted Perimeter - Sta. 44.9 25 20
Page 85 and 86: factors, the most conservative of w
Page 87 and 88: Chapter 5 Results and Recommended M
Page 89 and 90: Wetted Perimeter Requirements Flow
Page 91 and 92: 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 May June M
Page 93 and 94: Floodplain profiles and vegetation
Page 95 and 96: mean elevation of the Oak/popash ve
Page 97 and 98: Table 5-3. Mean (±SD) flows at the
Page 99 and 100: Elevaton (NGVD) 27.0 22.0 17.0 12.0
Page 101 and 102: Table 5-7. Median elevations, in fe
Page 103 and 104:
80 70 60 Flow reduction (%) 50 40 3
Page 105 and 106:
Table 5-8. Recommended percent flow
Page 107 and 108:
100 90 80 % DOMINANCE 70 60 50 40 3
Page 109 and 110:
Table 5-9. Mean elevation of instre
Page 111 and 112:
The second standard was developed t
Page 113 and 114:
Table 5-10. Proposed Minimum Flows
Page 115 and 116:
Division Information and Technology
Page 117 and 118:
Hupalo, R., C. Neubauer, L. Keenan,
Page 119 and 120:
communities in the corridors of the
Page 121 and 122:
Wharton, C.H., W.M. Kitchens, E.C.
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Confined Aquifer - A term used to d
Page 125 and 126:
Instream Habitats - A specific type
Page 127 and 128:
Riffle - A relatively shallow reach
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Chapter 8 Appendix A A Review of
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steps to reduce the uncertainty and
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2007). In addition, the approach us
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with limited biological knowledge o
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the other factors listed above or w
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have now been developed and adopted
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An example of the primary output fr
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prevent negative effects associated
Page 145 and 146:
methods, such as LiDAR, to improve
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habitat reduction criterion and the
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Summary, Special Publication SJ2002
Page 151 and 152:
Errata / comments by page number in
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4-20 Section 4.7.1, 1 st paragraph,
Page 155 and 156:
Chapter 9 Appendix B - Staff Respon
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2) The panel notes that the period
Page 159 and 160:
4) One aspect of Chapter 2 should b
Page 161 and 162:
Preventing Significant Harm - 15% C
Page 163 and 164:
they aren't getting enough particul
Page 165 and 166:
Habitat Criteria and Characterizati
Page 167 and 168:
Compliance Standards and Proposed M
Page 169 and 170:
Glossary of Terms 13) When an inter
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