Paul Kane's Journal of his Western Travels, 1846-1848 - History and ...

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derive from Kane' famou nighttime traverse of Lake Huron from Mackinac to Sault Sainte Marie (see later) or from the fact that he was frequently seen with pencil or brush in band. But bucMr also ~ refer to tumbering a bucMron beina a logger or lumbetjack. Olven ~t the episode of me journal In which the name appears deals With the ceremony of cutting a lobstick. pine in honor of Kane there i a po ible connection to thi meaning. BoucMr a verb mean either to plug up if Kane were talkative, thi meaning could apply ironically. A a. noun, it means butcher. In this Latter sense, the name might derive from Kane's infamous exploits as a hunter, me shooting of the bull at the buffalo hunt providing one example that suggests that hunting was not his forte. Bouchie, the past participle of boucher, means a mouthful or a morsel and perhaps this would refer to Kane's short stature. In any c::se, it would seem that the name descn'bes one or another rather strong feature of Kane's personality. For another theory on the origin of Kane's nickname, see note 5. 5. Paul. Kane' s Frontier including Wanderings of an. Artist among the Indians of North America, ed., and with a biOi. introd. and a catalogue raisonne by J. Russen Harper, published for the Amon Carter Museum, Fort Worth, Texas, and the National Gallery of Canada, Ottawa (Austin, Texas, and London, 1971), p. I I. I wi h to acknowledge my indebtedness to the late Professor Harper for hi tine work, many details of which helped to furnish the present introduction. lbat my view of Kane' journal diverge from Harper's is more the consequence of a literary and art hi torian's different perspectives, than any fundamental disagreement. Another interpretation of Kane's nickname Bushway may weD be the one offered by Harper (p. 129) which aligns the word with the French bourgeois. 6. Maude Allan Cassens, "Paul Kane, ,. typescript dated March, 1932, Department of Ethnology, Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, p.2. 7. Harper, p. 7. S. Ibid., p. 23. 9. For a discussion of the bearing of this chronological factor on the making of Kane's book, as weD as a full discussion of the bibliographical aspects of it, see MacLaren, "Notes Toward a Reconsideration of Paul Kane's An and Prose," CaNJdwn Lit~rature, nos. 113-114 (Summer I FaD, 1987), pp. 179- 205. 10. Harper, p. 13 . II. Ibid., p. II. 12. Ibid., Appendjx 6, p. 322. 13. Ibid., Appendix 5, pp. 320-321. 14. Ibid., p. J5. 15. See Henry James Warre, Overland to Oregon in 1845; Impressions of a Journey Across North Amen'ca by H. J . Warre, ed. and introd. Madeleine Major-Fregeau (Ottawa, 1976); Sketches in North America and th~ Oregon Territory, by Captain H . Wa"e. A .D.C. to the lale Commander oj the Forces (London, 1848); Sketches in North America and the Oregon Territory, by Captain H . Wa"e, A.D.C. to the late Commander of the Forces, introd. by Archibald Hannah Jr. (Barre, Massachusetts, 1970). 16. Harper, p. 17. 17. See MacLaren, "Creating Travel Literature," Papers oj the Bibliographical Society of Canada , vol. 27 (1988), forthcoming. IS. The book appeared in an American edition, titled Overla1Ul Round the World during the Years J841 a.1UI 1842 (Philadelphia, 1847). 19. Harper, p. 39, n. 4. 20. Paul Kane, "Incidents of Travel on the North-West coast, Vancouver's Island, Oregon, etc.: The Chinook Indians," Canadian Journal, vol. III (1854-1855), pp. m-T79. The American Art Journal/Volume XXI • Number 2 21. Cas U , p. 16. 22.0nOctober6 1847, Kane write of the bripdebrealtingcamp at a "boan" (bon: good) • our' (hour), they paddJ up the Columbia River to i Dorthernmo t point, which Kane refe to both .'Boat incumpment" (Boat encampm nl) and •• umpm nt de Barge." 23. ell , p. 16. 24. See amuel Black, A Journol of a Vuyag~from Rocky Mountain Portage in Peace River to the Sources of Finlays Branch and North We.!t Ward in summu 1824. ed. E . E. Rich and A. M . Johnson, introd. R. M. Patterson, Publications of the Hudson' Bay Record Society, vol. x.viii (London, 1955); Pel~r SUM Ogden's Snau Country Journals /824- 25 and 1825- 26, ed' E. E. Rich and A. M. John on, introd. Bun Brown Barker, Publications of the Hudson' Bay Record Society, vol. xili(Lon on, 1950); To the Arctic ITy Canoe 1819-1821: The Journal and Painting.! of Robert Hood, MidJhipman with FranJdin , ed. C. stuart Houston (Montreal and London, 1974); and With Pen and Pencil on the Frontier in 1851: The Diary and Sketches of Frank Blackwell Mayer, ed .• with an lotrod. and nole Bertha L. Heilbron, fwd. Thomas O 'Sullivan (St. Paul, Minnesota, 1986). 25. Heather Dawkins, 'Paul Kane and the Eye of Power. Racim in Canadian Art History." Vanguard, vol. 15, no. 4 (September, 1986), p. 27. 26. Paul Kane, Wanderings of an Artist Among the Indians of North Americafrom CanadtJ to Vancouver's Island and Oregon through The Hudson's Bay Company's Territory and Back Again (1859), rev. ed., ed. John W. Garvio, introd.l..awrence W. Burpee (Toronto, 1925); facs. rpt., introd. J. G. MacGregor (Edmonton., 1968), p. I xii. All references to Wa1Ulerings of an Anist will depend upon the facsimile reprint of the revised edition and appear in parentheses in the text. 27. DavidC. Hunt, Legacy of the W~st(Omaha.ebraska , 1982), p.S. 28. This woman i not named in Wanderings in the description of Kane's meeting her in July. 1846. Her name first appears in the boo on July 26, 1848. This problem is discussed in the 'Guide to the People and P!aces in Kane's Journal; see entry for "the constant sae. " There appear to be two sketches of The Constant Sky, one a watercolor and one an oil on paper, and two paintings, both oil on canvas. Only three are mentioned by Harper (238) because the St.ark Museum acquired its oil painting only after Harper's study appeared. Further complicarions arise because the olk>n-paper sketch ~ to have disappeared. although Harper evidently saw it. Curiously. he gives its provenance as the coUection of Paul Kane IV, the only such listing in his entire catalogue raj nne. However, Mrs. Paul Kane m, the oldest living member of the Kane family. and her daughter assure me that Harper never met Paul Kane IV, who died in 1954, and who, furthermore? owned no paintings or sketches by Kane. Harper does not mean Paul Kane ill, who was no longer living When Paul KtmL's Frontier (1971) was published. Harper identifies any paintings in the possession of the Ka& fumi)y at that time as "coOn Mrs. Paul Kane m." Thus, where the sketch was when Harper saw i4 and whaI has become of it. remain a mystery. 29. This trip occurred by York boat, rather than canoe, since Governor Simpson had introduced the use of these large, unromantic - because they were rowed rather than paddled - but safe and efficient cargo carriers wherever stream and lake conditions pennitted. TIle Alhabasca and Columbia rivers also allowed for travel by York boat. 30. A mountain and a glacier along this route, the Athabasca Pass, were named for Kane in 1921 by A. O. Wheeler, Founder of the Alpine Club of Canada. 31. Harper, p. 22. 21
Paul Kane. PIN PORTAGE. May, 1846. Oil on paper, 8 1 /3 x /3'/4". Collection, Stark Museum oj An.
Page 1 and 2: Volume XXI • Number 2 • 1989
Page 3 and 4: THE AMERICAN ART JOURNAL Published
Page 5 and 6: I rite this part of my jurnal over
Page 7 and 8: Paul Kane. CLACKAMAINDIANS, WILl.AM
Page 9 and 10: ngman of North Dakota and outhem Ma
Page 11 and 12: Paul Kane. FALLS ON THE UPPER PELOU
Page 13 and 14: PAUL KANE. c. 1859. Photograph. Col
Page 15 and 16: dently seen the e two books t thoug
Page 17 and 18: I 1--- MAP TO ILLUSTRATE M'- KAN E
Page 19 and 20: Paul Kane. ENCAMPMENT, WINNIPEG RIV
Page 21: still smoking after having erupted
Page 25 and 26: miskitas and black flies verrey bad
Page 27 and 28: Paul Kane. METIS CAMP AND HUNTERS.
Page 29 and 30: Paul Kane. TWO PORTRAIT STUDIES: AN
Page 31 and 32: u vrry ciod and good mlUl I rcmaned
Page 33 and 34: t' Paul Kane. FORT EDMONTON. Septem
Page 35 and 36: Paul Kane. TO-MA-QUIN A ASCADE CHIE
Page 37 and 38: Paul Kane. MOUNT HOOD FROM FORT VAN
Page 39 and 40: Paul Kane. MOUNT ST. HELENS. March
Page 41 and 42: Paul Kane. SAW-SE-A, A COWICHAN CHI
Page 43 and 44: Paul Kane. RETURN OF A WAR PARTY. A
Page 45 and 46: ." Paul Kane. OLD COX, A SANDWICH I
Page 47 and 48: Paul Kane. LOWER FALLS ON THE PELOU
Page 49 and 50: Paul Kane. MISSION STATION OF WALKE
Page 51 and 52: Paul Kane. THE LITTLE DALLES. Octob
Page 53 and 54: cd7.l1·· . ... •: ~t.: .' . ~ .
Page 55 and 56: Paul Kane. CUN-NE-WA-BUM, ONE THAT
Page 57 and 58: Paul Kane. FRAN~OIS LUCIE, A CREE H
Page 59 and 60: for the first day by a Mr. Prude ne
Page 61 and 62: Paul Kane. BRIGADE OF BOATS. July 2
Page 63 and 64: Paul Kane. PETER JACOBS. WESLEY A
Page 65 and 66: farlle fairly lose loose; lose fe~t
Page 67 and 68: Guide to People and Places in Kane'
Page 69 and 70: Coffin Rock Various Coast Salish tr
Page 71 and 72: Coulitz R. The Cowlitz River, a tri
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Ea MAP TO ILLUSTRATE in the TERR1TO
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Dam has transfonned this stretch of
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I • La hed (" Otter Head" in WA [
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his right hand. He was noted as the
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Paul Kane. NORWAY HOUSE. July or Au
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Winnipeg, to which it is connected
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George Simpson to open a trail from
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·\ .. { Paul Kane. WHITE MUD PORTA
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Selected Bibliography The author wi
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Index Allan, George William, 8-9. 2
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Mayer, Frank BlackweD, 14,21n. Mear
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THE AMERICAN ART JOURNAL Published
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