Islj 2009 3-4 - TMC Asser Instituut

the machines while, at the same time, safeguarding the gamblers and
the levels of revenue of legal operators. One of the most significant
security features of the new machines is that they only function when
connected to the AAMS computerized network, with any tampering
leading to an automatic shutdown.
10. The performance of the gaming market.
The public gaming market recorded extremely positive results in
2006, confirming the effectiveness of the initiatives which were
launched in 2003. This slowly popularised the gaming portfolio and
the rationalization of sales network. The sector has reported a
turnover of over 35.2 billion euros. This is an increase of about 24%
on 2005, and of 127% when compared to 2003.
At the same time, tax revenues from games have reached 6.7 billion
euros (+9% up from the 2005 revenues and + 91.7% compared with
the revenues recorded in 2003). this result, becomes considering the
fact that the average rate of taxation on gaming has dropped from
28% in 2002 to 19.1% in 2006, and that the risk for the Treasury has
decreased significantly, owing on the one hand to the diversification
of revenue sources (56% of the total turnover of this sector came from
the Lotto in 2002) and on the other, to the shift - for what concerns
revenues - to games that have by their very nature more stable trends
(the gaming machines), once they have fully established themselves
on the market.
Conclusion
In general, the Italian State does have some form of control over the
laws on betting in sports events, and through its laws, Article 4 of the
Act No. 401/1989, imposes criminal sanctions on persons who engage
in betting activities without licences and police authorisations. But
these regulations, as we have seen, have been ruled as being contrary to
the EC laws on freedom of establishment and provision of services.
Through the AAMS, Italy is slowly streamlining its laws on betting
and gambling in order to involve both the public and the private
community in these practices without unnecessary or complicated
legal restrictions.
With the increasing popularity, internet access and creation of new
games in betting, it is only a matter of time before Italy, with the help
of more tranquilised legislations, maximises its income as a State from
betting collections.
One important solution and recommendation for the progressive
development of betting could be the creation of a “Betting Code”,
whose provisions combine the national, European and international
law principles and jurisprudences.
A good example of a law with such principles and combinations is
the English Gambling Act which enshrines the European principles
on freedom of establishment and freedom to provide services.
The current Italian system legislation is entirely different from the
previous provisions and has, through the “Decreto - Bersani”
improved the possibilities of private companies to take over and manage
sports betting through public tenders. This could more importantly
create more competition and vibrate the entire Italian betting
and general economic market.
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❖
In front: Joko Driyono, Director of
the Football League of Indonesia,
Robert Siekmann, Roberto Branco
Martins (both ASSER
International Sports Law Centre),
and Hinca Pandjaitan, Director of
the Indonesia Lex Sportiva
Institute, and the CEO’s of the
Super League of Indonesia clubs, at
the international sports law short
course on “Professionalizing
Football in Indonesia” in
Makassar, Indonesia, 6 October
2009.
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