[en]+[zh]Study on Forest Landscape Restoration - ITTO

218 <strong>Study</strong> on Forest Landscape Restoration
shelterbelt forest had suffered from severe damage and the area had decreased
sharply because of titanium mining during 1991 - 1994. And th<strong>en</strong> the forest
has be<strong>en</strong> restored due to the campaign of" wiping out the barr<strong>en</strong> hills" in the
province. However, the coastal shelterbelt forests were damaged severely once
again due to conversion to shrimp-farming ponds or watermelon fields for economic
interests since 2004, because high income can be g<strong>en</strong>erated from
shrimp-farming and watermelon industry. The 3'd Hainan Province Standing
Committee of People's Congress has approved the "Regulations on Coastal
Shelterbelt Forest Protection and Construction in Hainan Province" on November
29, 2007. At pres<strong>en</strong>t, coastal shelterbelt forest restoration has be<strong>en</strong> referred
to one of the" three Lingshui" targets, particularly the target of ecological
county. According to the notice "[ 2007 ] 9" to str<strong>en</strong>gth<strong>en</strong> the protection
of coastal shelterbelt forest, any group or individual should not occupy forest
land within 200 m wide from high tide line, key projects at or above province
level which have to expropriate and occupy the forest land must keep at least
100 m wide shelterbelt forest and deal with the land use change in accordance
with law. Restoration of the coastal shelterbelt forest is conducted through the
"returning pond fishery back to forest" and other projects. Planting watermelon
understory is also controlled strictly without affecting normal growth of the
forest. Tourism developm<strong>en</strong>t will affect the developm<strong>en</strong>t of coastal shelterbelt
forest to some ext<strong>en</strong>t in rec<strong>en</strong>t years.
8. 2 Driving forces of landscape dynamics at community
level
Similar to analysis of dominant forces responsible for forest landscape changes
at region level, the driving forces of forest landscape in Dagan FLR demonstration
area was analyzed by communication and discussion with villagers u­
sing PRA tools such as community workshop semi-structured interviews, resources
mapping, matrix ranking and problem causal analysis based on analysis
of transition probability matrix in differ<strong>en</strong>t periods.
Basic living allowances
Basic living allowances and expansion of agricultural land were the dominant
factors to drive the changes on forest landscape in Dagan FLR demonstration
area. Cultivated land in demonstration area is only O. 04 ha. Most of the resi-