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Table of Contents List of Figures Glossary of Abbreviations Definition of Terms Figure Number Title Page 1.4.1 Annual Dwelling Unit. Completions per 1,000 Population in European Countries, 2000 13 1.4.2 % Share of Household Income or Expenditure Devoted to Housing Costs in European Countries, Various Years 15 4.2.1 Trends in New Housing Building in European Countries, 2000 135 4.8.1 Share of Household Income or Expenditure Devoted to Housing Costs in European Countries, Various Years 163 Abbreviation Denoting % Per cent € Euro BGN Bulgarian Lev (Plural. Leva) (1 BGN = €0.5128) C£ Cyprus Pounds (C£1 = €1.7337) CO 2 Carbon Dioxide CZK Czech Koruna (Plural Koruny) (1 CZK = €0.0315) DKK Danish Krone (Plural Kroner) (1 DKK = €0.1345) Est. Estimate EEK Estonian Kroon (Plural Krooni) (1 EEK = €0.0639) EU European Union GDR German Democratic Republic (former East Germany 1949-1990) GDP Gross Domestic Product GNP Gross National Product GwH Gigawatt Hours HUF Hungarian Forint (1 HUF = €0.0041) km 2 Square Kilometres LTL Lithuanian Litas (Plural Litai) (1 LTL = €0.2897) Affordable Housing Generally defined as housing that is available for purchase or rent at a market value affordable to the majority of the population. In particular, the term is used to describe housing that is provided, usually with the assistance of the State, below market values in locations characterised by high house pries. Applicant Countries Those countries which were applicants for European Union membership in January 2004. These are: Bulgaria, Romania and Turkey Cadastre A public record, survey, or map of the value, extent, and ownership of land which is used to Disequilibrium Imbalance of housing supply and demand in a given market. Equilibrium Balance between housing supply and demand in a given market. Households Group of persons (either related or unrelated) residing in one dwelling unit and using shared facilities. Housing Association A non-governmental organisation that owns, provides and constructs social housing and/or dwellings for purchase, usually below market levels. LVL Latvian Lats (Plural Lati) (1 LVL = €1.5325) m Metres m 2 Square Metres m 3 Cubic Metres MTL Maltese Lira (1 MTL = €2.3591) No. Number N/a Not Applicable Nav Not Available N/s Not Supplied PLN Polish Zloty (1 PLN = €0.2265) determine taxation levels. CEE Countries Countries located in Central and Eastern Europe. For the purpose of this report, the CEE countries are: Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Slovakia and Slovenia. Housing Observatory Specialist agency to monitor the housing sector through research. Housing Stock Total supply of housing in physical terms. Housing Tenure The right by which households occupy their PPP Public-Private Partnership Proj. Projected Prov. Provisional R Rounded Figure ROL Romanian Leu (Plural Lei) (1 ROL = €0.000024) Co-operative Housing The occupants of the housing are members of the co-operative and therefore also have responsibility for managing the housing. Co-operative housing dwelling, for example, owning or renting. Local authorities All sub-regional government structures including SEK Swedish Krona (Plural Kronor) (1 SEK = €0.1087) SIT Slovenian Tolar (1 SIT = €0.0042) SKK Slovak Koruna (Plural Koruny) (1 SKK = €0.0249) STG£ Pounds Sterling (United Kingdom) (STG£1 = €1.5161) TRL Turkish lira (1 TRL = €0.00000056) may be owned or rented by the members. In the case of co-operative rented housing, the dwellings are owned by the co-operative or members collectively and are usually let for a non-profit or city, county, borough and town councils and municipalities. Long-standing EU Member States UN United Nations UNECE United Nations Economic Commission for Europe UK United Kingdom US$ United States Dollar (US$1 = €0.8348) VAT Value Added Tax subsidised rent. Therefore, in this report, cooperative rented housing is categorised as social housing. In the case of co-operative ownership housing, occupants own a proportion of the European Union Member States prior to May 1st 2004. These are the following: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, equity in their dwellings but usually are not able Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom. Note: Currency conversion rates as of August 4th 2004. to purchase the entire equity. viii European Union Report Regular National Report on Housing Developments in European Countries ix
Definition of Terms New Member States Countries that joined the European on May 1st 2004. These are the following: Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Romania, Slovakia and Slovenia. Owner-Occupied Housing Housing owned by the occupiers. The housing may be owned outright or through a mortgage loan, but the owners have the opportunity to purchase the full equity. Part-ownership see Shared Ownership. Private Rented Housing Housing owned by a private individual or agency and rented to the occupiers for profit, generally at market rates. Public Housing Social housing provided by a government agency, usually a local authority. Public-Private Partnerships Joint arrangement between the State (public) sector and the private sector in providing infrastructure or services, where the private sector shares the cost and risks involved. Social Housing Rented housing where access is controlled by the existence of allocation rules that favour households that have difficulties in accessing housing in the market. This housing is usually let at a non-profit or subsidised rent and provided by government or nonprofit agencies such as housing associations. This type of housing is also termed ‘social rented housing.’ System-Built Housing Housing, usually in the form of apartment buildings, constructed using prefabricated panels and units. Residualisation Process through which housing has become increasingly marginalised and specialised in function through shrinkage of its total housing market share. Three-Dimensional Property Registration Legislation permitting the construction of buildings above existing infrastructure and property. Vacant Housing Housing that is permanently or temporarily unoccupied. Purchasing Power Standards The artificial common reference currency unit used in the European Union to express the volume of economic aggregates for the purpose of spatial comparisons in such a way that the differences between countries are eliminated. Shared Ownership (also Part-Ownership) Scheme to facilitate home ownership through the partial purchase of dwelling from the State or a housing association. Occupiers are usually given an option to purchase the dwelling fully at a later date. x European Union Report
Page 1 and 2: REGULAR NATIONAL REPORT ON SYNTHESI
Page 3 and 4: Regular National Report on Housing
Page 5: Table of Contents Table of Contents
Page 9 and 10: Section 1 Introduction and Summary
Page 19 and 20: Section 2 Context Context Section 2
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Section 3 Policies Policies Section
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Section 3 Policies 3.7.2 Expected M
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Section 4 Outcomes Outcomes Section
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Appendix 1 Members of European Hous
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Appendix 2 Questionnaire 4.4 Housin
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