Kalimantan Forests and Climate Partnership (KFCP) Design ...

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3.0 IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGY AND COMPONENT DESIGN 3.1 IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGY AND PRINCIPLES The KFCP implementation strategy is designed to deliver both tangible, environmental and development results as well as learning results with an emphasis on adaptability and flexibility. The ability to move seamlessly from preparatory activities to implementation is crucially important given the relatively short three-year life of the activity. The immediate need is to capture information from the early implementation phase and the first few months of the implementation phase to inform international discussions and technical meetings prior to negotiations on REDD at COP 15 in December 2009, just six months after the KFCP officially launches. The KFCP is the first of two REDD demonstration activities planned under the Indonesia-Australia Forest Carbon Partnership (see Section 2.2). 3.1.1 Key Implementation Approaches and Principles Phased Approach: design based on early implementation and implementation phases as described in Section 2.6. Flexible/Adaptive Management: use six-month ―rolling‖ planning process to test interventions, generate and capture knowledge, and inform the subsequent round of planning. Scientific Rigor: deliver credible, defensible, and scientifically rigorous evidence to support negotiations on REDD. Consistency and alignment with UNFCC decisions and guidance on REDD as it develops. Market Orientation: support a market-based approach to REDD that can provide confidence to future markets for REDD. Sequencing: prioritise activities that are time consuming and necessary preconditions, like the village engagement process, payment mechanisms, and monitoring systems. Do reforestation on a trial basis because it is relatively expensive and can be scaled up quickly. Ensure that technical field interventions occur after necessary enabling conditions have been established in communities. Communication: understand the types of information various gender biased audiences need and how to communicate effectively (see Component 2 description). Coordination: use rolling planning system to coordinate with other IAFCP activities and develop mechanisms to harmonise KFCP plans and implementation with related GoI and donor programs. Promotion of Climate Change Policies of Indonesia and Australia: be consistent with the IAFCP and IFCI objectives and contribute to FRIS/INCAS. Incorporation of Government of Australia (GoA) policies on the environment, gender equality, and anti-corruption. Working within GoI Systems: follow government relevant planning procedures, policies, and approval processes to ensure ownership and sustainability. Important examples are the village consultative planning process (Musrenbang Desa), spatial planning at district and province levels, INPRES 2/2007, mainstreaming gender in development, and the EMRP Master Plan. Develop local government ownership: Follow a roadmap for engagement with local government as proposed by CARE and to be refined during implementation. This will include mechanisms for consultation, facilitation of dialogue among levels of government, and technical assistance/training for institutional and technical strengthening to support REDD implementation. Do No Harm: screen interventions and monitor to ensure that KFCP activities do not harm residents of the demonstration area in terms of livelihoods, land tenure, social/gender disparities, and corruption. Scaling Up: prepare provisional plans and budgets for different levels of additional funding. 22 KALIMANTAN FORESTS AND CLIMATE PARTNERSHIP (KFCP) DESIGN DOCUMENT
Whole-of-dome approach: plan and implement emission reduction interventions in the peat swamp forests, such as canal blocking, rehabilitation of degraded forest (promote natural regeneration and replanting), fire prevention /suppression, clarify land use and use rights and develop alternative livelihoods to aid in fire prevention, training fire suppression crews, early warning system, education within the context of the entire peat swamp forest ecosystem formed by a single dome. Multiple Monitoring Tools: design a monitoring system that is able to verify results by multiple means such as remote sensing, ground-truthing, output/result-level monitoring, periodic supervision missions by PO staff, and input from the technical panel and supporting partners. 3.1.2 Logic of the KFCP Intervention Strategy All KFCP interventions in concert aim to reduce deforestation and degradation of peat swamp forest, primarily by reducing fire risk and mitigating the frequency and severity of fire. Specifically, as described in Component 1: Blocking canals to raise the water table and re-wet the peat will inhibit oxidation, including the incidence and spread of fire; Re-establishing tree cover in highly degraded areas by encouraging natural regeneration and re-planting will help raise soil moisture levels and humidity, thus further reducing fire risk especially in dry years; and Livelihood interventions that provide incentives to adopt farming techniques or other livelihood options that do not require the use of fire in peatlands nor depend on illegal logging. The principal source of GHG emissions from a peat swamp forest subjected to drainage and clearing is the continuous oxidation of the exposed, dry upper layers of the peat. This is tremendously accelerated by fire in the dry season and especially in exceptionally dry years associated with the recurrence of El Niño-Southern Oscillation Events (ENSO). Fire is used for land clearing by smallholder farmers and larger-scale plantation operators. Both the choice of commercial crops introduced to peatlands (principally oil palm and rubber) and the easy use of fire to clear land are made possible by the drainage of peatlands by canals, as occurred on a large scale in Central Kalimantan with the Mega-Rice Project in the mid-1990s. That event fundamentally altered the ecology and economy of the area, so that people whose livelihoods were adapted to a more-or-less natural peat swamp forest environment have been forced, in the last decade, to cope with drier and less stable conditions, becoming more dependent on peatland farming and the use of fire to clear land. The KFCP fire risk strategy will focus on high risk time periods (e.g., El Nino years) and high risk areas, such as along canals. If communities perform well in managing fire at priority times and places, they should receive a performance-based incentive payment. For the KFCP to succeed in significantly restoring the hydrology and ecology of the peat swamp forest ecosystem to reduce GHG emissions, a new set of incentives to encourage sustainable land use and forest protection must be developed, offered, and accepted by people in affected communities. The precise package of economic, social, and policy incentives will vary from one community to another with differences in their ecological situation (from relatively intact to highly degraded forest) and the corresponding mix and sequence of technical interventions. This will require programmatic flexibility and a detailed, local-level understanding of the perceived benefits of current, unsustainable practices and barriers to adopting those that foster REDD outcomes. Local government at provincial and district levels must be involved in and supportive of the REDD-related activities taking place in communities. KALIMANTAN FORESTS AND CLIMATE PARTNERSHIP (KFCP) DESIGN DOCUMENT 23
Page 1 and 2: 2009 KALIMANTAN FORESTS AND CLIMATE
Page 3 and 4: TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents
Page 5 and 6: Establishing a REL ................
Page 7 and 8: GIS GoA GoI GTZ Handil IAFCP ICRAF
Page 9 and 10: LIST OF FIGURES Map 1. Location Map
Page 11 and 12: MAP 1. LOCATION MAP KALIMANTAN FORE
Page 13 and 14: MAP 3. LAND COVER MAP OF KFCP DEMON
Page 15: MAP 5. FIRE FREQUENCY IN KFCP DEMON
Page 18 and 19: which government-to-government acti
Page 20 and 21: 1.3 IMPLEMENTATION APPROACH The KFC
Page 22 and 23: There is currently no international
Page 24 and 25: 2.0 INTRODUCTION 2.1 PURPOSE OF THI
Page 26 and 27: Text Box 2.1. The following GoI Pla
Page 28 and 29: Issues relating to additionality, l
Page 30 and 31: 2.4 OVERVIEW OF THE DEMONSTRATION A
Page 32 and 33: TABLE 2. CO-BENEFITS OF KFCP’S IN
Page 34 and 35: 2.5.2 Location The KFCP field demon
Page 36 and 37: 2.6.1 Preparatory Activities Partne
Page 40 and 41: Incentives to encourage sustainable
Page 42 and 43: The KFCP will identify potential co
Page 44 and 45: FIGURE 3. FLOW CHART OF STEPS TO EN
Page 46 and 47: Peatland Rehabilitation Plan for Bl
Page 48 and 49: GHG Emissions Estimation and Monito
Page 50 and 51: emote sensing products to use will
Page 52 and 53: take the form of a trust fund, whic
Page 54 and 55: Implementation Process Early Implem
Page 56 and 57: Capacity for Effective Governance S
Page 58 and 59: 4.1 MANAGEMENT STRUCTURE AND COORDI
Page 60 and 61: Text Box 4.2. Roles of Groups withi
Page 62 and 63: (ii) develop a strategic plan for R
Page 64 and 65: Information Feedback for Management
Page 66 and 67: Screen KFCP interventions and payme
Page 68 and 69: 6.0 RISK MANAGEMENT AND SUSTAINABIL
Page 70 and 71: . A review of the program logic and
Page 72 and 73: 8.0 ESTIMATED BUDGET AND STRATEGY F
Page 75: ATTACHMENTS Attachment 1. Livelihoo
Page 78 and 79: cause conflict between forestry, co
Page 80 and 81: Health Key human health issues are
Page 83 and 84: ATTACHMENT 2. VILLAGE ENGAGEMENT PR
Page 85 and 86: . Bring land tenure and land use to
Page 87 and 88: FIGURE 2-2. CONDENSED VILLAGE PROCE
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INTERNATIONAL FOREST CARBON INITIAT
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Papua New Guinea-Australia Forest C
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Hydrological Rehabilitation Hydrolo
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ATTACHMENT 5. PAYMENT MECHANISMS DI
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What types of in-kind payments woul
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ATTACHMENT 6. GHG EMISSIONS REL AND
Page 103 and 104:
Present Methodologies for Assessing
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ο The efficacy of canal blocking a
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What makes the area so vulnerable t
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The 2006 fire episode underlines th
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— Intensive agriculture on levees
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ATTACHMENT 9. INDICATIVE PERFORMANC
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Objective statements Potential Indi
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ATTACHMENT 10. PRELIMINARY IMPLEMEN
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KALIMANTAN FORESTS AND CLIMATE PART
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Potential Risk 1. Land use disputes
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Potential Risk 11. Carbon prices ar
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INDONESIA AND AUSTRALIA Reducing em
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Attachment A The Kalimantan Forests
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Australia is also offering Indonesi
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Kalimantan Forests and Climate Partnership (KFCP) Design ...

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