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Mozambican Civil Society Within: Evaluation, Challenges, Opportunities and Action 3.3.9 Conclusion on Values In general, the score of 1.1 obtained in this study suggests that Mozambican civil society neither practices nor promotes effectively positive and high quality values. The biggest weaknesses identified among the eight sub-dimensions lie in the issues of transparency, gender equity and equity in diversity. In the national workshop the group that studied the Values dimension of Mozambican society tried to do a survey of the causes of weak democracy and identified the following: 1) manipulation by political parties especially in pre-election periods, 2) weak coordination among social actors; 3) Widespread poverty; 4) absence of regular assembly meetings or other deliberative meetings. The following reasons for weak transparency were highlighted: 1) no culture of accountability; 2) poor communication; 3) limited knowledge of statutes and legislation in general. The low level of transparency seen in CSOs is particularly important as the notion of transparency is strongly associated with the norms and values in society. The organizational development of CSOs based on real transparency criteria could contribute to the establishment of solid and dynamic values. In general, there is no systematic and comprehensive work to promote values that resist corruption and the absence of responsibility and accountability. Expressions of weak tolerance in Mozambican society or even some expressions of violence seem to be due to lack of trust between on the one hand public authorities or the leadership of organizations, and on the other hand citizens or the associative mass. There are also conflicts of interest and personalities. Despite many declarations on their commitment to fighting poverty, the doubt persists as to whether civil society organizations and other actors in society are really creating the institutional foundations for sustainable poverty reduction. Up to now CSO involvement in strategies to fight poverty has been mainly as observers, opinion givers and circumstantial allies, as in the case of the debt relief campaign. But it is not realistic to conclude from this participation that CSOs are real partners of the government and its allies and international donors. As Francisco and Matter argue (2007) partnership in the real sense of the concept only exists between the government and donors or other international actors. Both the NAG and the national workshop felt that the eight sub-dimensions that make up the Values dimension need priority attention by Mozambican CSOs. There is a strong feeling that citizens are carrying out multiple poverty reduction actions. In fact, this sub-dimension has the best score; it is the only sub-dimension with a score of 2.0, that is, moderate high. 82 Civil Society Index, Mozambique 2007
Mozambican Civil Society Within: Evaluation, Challenges, Opportunities and Action There is no clear idea about the prospects for the long-term sustainability of poverty reduction efforts nor was it properly studied in this project. However, based on the reading of data and qualitative information it seems reasonable to conclude that any improvement in the structure and environment in which CSOs exist needs to be accompanied by real progress in improving the values of a really participatory democracy, transparency, tolerance, non-violence, implementation of efficient and effective poverty reduction actions and environmental sustainability as well as building equity in gender and in ethical, cultural and social diversity. Civil Society Index, Mozambique 2007 83
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