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Mozambican Civil Society Within: Evaluation, Challenges, Opportunities and Action 3.1. STRUCTURE The analysis of the structure of society covers aspects such as the size, strength and vitality of civil society in terms of its human, organisational and financial resources. The aggregate score for the Structure dimension is 1.1 showing that Mozambican civil society has a moderate to low structure. Figure 3.1.1 shows the score broken down into six sub-dimensions: 1) breadth of citizen participation; 2) depth of citizen participation; 3) diversity of civil society participants; 4) level of organization; 5) inter-relations, and 6) resources. Figura 3.1.1: Score of the CSI Structure Sub-Dimensions Mozambiqiue 2007 1.1 Breadth of citizen participation 1.2 Dimensão Estrutura 1.2 Depth of citizen participation 1.3 Diversity of CS participants 1.4 Level of organization 1.5 Inter-Relations within CSOs 0.6 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.6 Resources 0.7 0 1 Score 2 3 structure: 1 .1 26 Civil Society Index, Mozambique 2007
Mozambican Civil Society Within: Evaluation, Challenges, Opportunities and Action 3.1.1 Breadth of citizen participation This sub-dimension measures the breadth of the Mozambican citizen’s participation in civil society in various forms. What is the breadth of citizen participation? What proportion of Mozambican citizens engage in civil society activities, such as non-partisan political action, charitable giving, CSO membership, volunteering and collective community action? Table 3.1.1 summarizes the scores of the respective indicators that give an average score of 1.2. This score suggests that the breadth of the Mozambican citizen’s participation is low or limited in all aspects except for the sub-dimensions charitable giving and volunteering (both with moderate scores). The volunteering issue will be revisited and commented on in more detail later (section 1.1.3). TABLE 3.1.1: Indicators of the breadth of citizen participation Ref. # Indicators Score 1.1.1 Non partisan political action 1.0 1.1.2 Charitable giving 2.0 1.1.3 CSO Membership 0.0 1.1.4 Volunteering 2.0 1.1.5 Collective community action 1.0 3.1.1.1 Non Partisan Political Action After 1990, under the second Constitution of the Republic of Mozambique the country had a favourable constitutional framework for free association, both partisan and non partisan. This new constitutional framework was very different to previous ones, both during the period of colonial domination by the Portuguese administration and also in the first decade of independence with the predominance of a single party and restrictions on individual liberties. According to research by CEP in 2003, the degree of influence of institutions is inversely proportional to the level of power. This explains why the neighbourhood or village secretary and the traditional chief are the local entities most sought after by citizens when they need to resolve any problem in their daily lives. The weak impact of some power institutions and civil society organizations can be related to their ignorance, the fact that their work does not to meet the basic and immediate needs of citizens, or because they are not adequately rooted within the population. Civil Society Index, Mozambique 2007 27
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