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The AI Systems of Left 4 Dead - Valve

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Goal: Generate dramatic game pacing<br />

‣ What do we mean by “dramatic game pacing”<br />

• Algorithmically adjusting game pacing on the fly to maximize<br />

“drama” (player excitement/intensity)<br />

‣ Inspired by Observations from Counter-Strike<br />

• Natural pacing <strong>of</strong> CS is "spiky”, with periods <strong>of</strong> quiet tension<br />

punctuated by unpredictable moments <strong>of</strong> intense combat<br />

• Constant, unchanging combat is fatiguing<br />

• Long periods <strong>of</strong> inactivity are boring<br />

• Unpredictable peaks and valleys <strong>of</strong> intensity create a powerfully<br />

compelling and replayable experience<br />

• Same scenario, <strong>of</strong>ten the same map, yet different and compelling<br />

experience each round

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