Migrants, Minorities, Belongings and Citizenship. Glocalization and ...

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Figure 11. (Mis)alignments in National/Essentialized vs. Glocal Spaces by Category Figure 11 shows that majority citizens, imperial new minorities, second and third country nationals, and extra-territorials are the most content with how glocal spaces articulate and promote their preferences. At the same time, they are discontent with the national and essentialized public spaces. On the other hand, those who are most content with the combined impact of national and essentialized spaces are historical native minority members and historical imperial historical minority members. 2.3. Explaining (mis)alignments in public spaces: three models Based on this projects’ theoretical point of departure, the misalignments between respondents’ preferences and the available public spaces’ capability to be responsive can be related to respondents’ mobility patterns (both spatial and mental), participation patterns, and belonging patterns as well as the features of the public spaces. The respondents reported that they attend to one or several of four types of public spaces: national (numeric and corporate), essentialized (ethnic and/or religious organizations), and glocal spaces. All the respondents – except those residing in Estonia – were contacted while and/or because they were visiting a glocal space. In this analysis, assuming that the types and degrees of (mis)alignments are due to the respondents’ 90
characteristics (belonging, participation, and mobility patterns) rather than those of the public spaces, we first inquire into how the respondents’ mobility, participation, and belonging patterns have impact on (mis)alignments. Later, we will come back to the reverse of this assumption. Therefore, three causality models are explored in the first instance. These models are: - the belonging model; - the participation model; - the mobility model. 2.3.1. Multidimensional belongings and (mis)alignments in public spaces The major hypothesis in this model is that individuals’ belonging is a good in itself which is closely related with interest articulation in politics and public spaces. Therefore, individuals will also relate themselves to the available public spaces in terms of their belongings. This will, in turn, contribute to their perceptions of public spaces as well as affect how content they are with the voice and influence possibilities in the available public spaces. One hypothesis in this study is, therefore, that (mis)alignments in the available public spaces is closely associated with the types and degrees of respondents’ belongings. Table 13 shows the results from two separate categorical regression analyses, one for each of the two (mis)alignment dimensions that we constructed in the previous section (see Table 12). The independent variables included in the analysis are the five belonging dimensions we constructed earlier (see Table 6). The analysis results shown in Table 13 strengthen and detail the above-given hypothesis. In very general terms, the first conclusion that can be drawn from the analysis with the belonging model is that different types and degrees of multidimensional belongings lead to different degrees of (mis)alignments in public spaces. Secondly, different belonging patterns are associated with (mis)alignments in different public spaces/channels. 91
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EU RESEARCH ON SOCIAL SCIENCES AND
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EUROPEAN COMMISSION EU RESEARCH ON
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Preface Within the Fifth Community
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Table of contents Preface v Aknowle
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Aknowledgements On behalf of the Un
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The above statement should be regar
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meticulously addressing the citizen
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contexts. Policy responses to socia
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findings could only include certain
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the one hand and between participat
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collected during the country studie
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● which existing national and int
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Table 1. The Countries and Groups u
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III. SCIENTIFIC DESCRIPTION OF PROJ
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The designs of the three research t
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diverse society. In other words, th
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citizenships (e.g. new problems, ne
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enefits in the state. 1 A claim of
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These anomalies require supplement
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Page 45 and 46: Residence, Permanent Residence, Mat
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Page 51 and 52: and individuals within the new cont
Page 53 and 54: the future. In this sense, the data
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Page 57 and 58: integration and intercultural learn
Page 59 and 60: Medborgerhuset can be translated in
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Page 65 and 66: In order to provide a conceptual st
Page 67 and 68: 2.2.4. Multidimensional belongings
Page 69 and 70: 1. Variable Principal Normalization
Page 71 and 72: Dimension 5: European-territorial b
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Page 77 and 78: Figure 7. Participation in Essentia
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Page 81 and 82: 2.2.7. Mobility of Minds - Psychic/
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Page 87 and 88: Table 12. Alignments/Misalignments
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Page 95 and 96: 2.3.3. Spatial and mental mobility
Page 97 and 98: Table 16. Explanatory Powers of the
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Page 111 and 112: V. DISSEMINATION AND EXPLOITATION O
Page 113 and 114: York-based publisher, Edwin Mellen
Page 115 and 116: 2003 Radical Transnationalism and T
Page 117 and 118: Scientific report submitted to the
Page 119 and 120: 2. Dissemination by the Austrian Ac
Page 121 and 122: Towards a political theory of migra
Page 123 and 124: Teaching 2004 summer term: Course a
Page 125 and 126: 4. Dissemination by the Estonian In
Page 127 and 128: 6. Dissemination by the Central Eur
Page 129 and 130: VI. REFERENCES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY 1.
Page 131 and 132: Calhoun, Craig 1997, Nationalism. B
Page 133 and 134: Horowitz, Donald L. 1985, Ethnic Gr
Page 135 and 136: Ragin, Charles 1991, “The Problem
Page 137 and 138: Taylor, Charles 1992, “Multicultu
Page 139: European Commission EUR 23143 — E
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KI-NA-23143-EN-N
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