Guidelines for the use of GNSS in surveying and mapping

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Contents RICS guidance notes 1 Preface 2 Part 1 – Guidelines 4 1 The role of GNSS in surveying 5 1.1 GNSS in perspective 5 1.2 Survey types 6 1.3 Survey methods 6 Tables 8 2 GNSS survey documentation 15 2.1 Client specifications 15 2.2 Surveyor’s procedures 16 3 GNSS survey operations 17 3.1 Planning 17 3.2 Fieldwork and observations 17 3.3 Data processing 17 3.4 Co-ordinate systems 17 3.5 Reporting 17 3.6 Essential considerations for GNSS surveys 17 Tables 18 Part 2 – Technical commentary 28 4 GNSS survey methods 29 4.1 General principles 29 4.2 Static surveys 30 4.3 Dynamic surveys 33 4.4 Real-time dynamic surveys 34 5 Operational considerations 36 5.1 Atmospheric refraction 36 5.2 Multipath 38 5.3 Interference and other operational considerations 39 6 Co-ordinate reference frames 42 6.1 Description of the earth 42 6.2 Co-ordinate systems 43 6.3 Co-ordinate transformations 44 7 Quality issues 49 7.1 Survey planning 49 7.2 Survey design 49 7.3 Field procedures 50 7.4 Quality control of real-time systems 52 7.5 Office procedures 55 GUIDELINES FOR THE USE OF GNSS IN LAND SURVEYING AND MAPPING | iii
Appendices 59 A GNSS verification, testing and maintenance 59 B Information on receiver types 60 C Further reading 61 D Sample specification with specific GNSS clause 63 E Sample procedures relating to a GNSS survey 64 Glossary 65 Checklist for GNSS survey specification and procedures 74 iv | GUIDELINES FOR THE USE OF GNSS IN LAND SURVEYING AND MAPPING
Page 1 and 2: GN 13/2010 RICS Practice Standards,
Page 3: Published by the Royal Institution
Page 7 and 8: Preface This second edition of the
Page 9 and 10: Part 1 - Guidelines 1 The role of G
Page 11 and 12: applications which are unsuitable f
Page 13 and 14: Table A: Control survey guidelines
Page 15 and 16: Table C: Positioning guidelines Gui
Page 17 and 18: Table D2: Survey methods - dynamic
Page 19 and 20: Table D3: Survey methods - dynamic
Page 21 and 22: 2.2 Surveyor’s procedures The sur
Page 23 and 24: Table F: Planning Guideline Explana
Page 25 and 26: Table H: Data processing Guideline
Page 27 and 28: Table 3.5: Reporting Guideline Expl
Page 29 and 30: Table K1: Atmospheric refraction -
Page 31 and 32: Table K3: Interference Consideratio
Page 33 and 34: Part2-Technical commentary 4 GNSS s
Page 35 and 36: Although these observables have dif
Page 37 and 38: Historically, single-frequency stat
Page 39 and 40: 4.4 Real-time dynamic surveys With
Page 41 and 42: 5 Operational considerations Sectio
Page 43 and 44: Errors in the troposphere which are
Page 45 and 46: In addition, phase centre variation
Page 47 and 48: 6 Co-ordinate reference frames or s
Page 49 and 50: particular country’s geodetic ref
Page 51 and 52: 6.3.2 Transformations from ITRS89 e
Page 53 and 54: 6.3.5 Co-ordinate transformation is
Page 55 and 56:
eceivers are observing at the same
Page 57 and 58:
The field procedures adopted should
Page 59 and 60:
7.4.4 System initialisation Operati
Page 61 and 62:
aw data. Advanced processing strate
Page 63 and 64:
values with their computed precisio
Page 65 and 66:
Appendix B: Information on receiver
Page 67 and 68:
The following general information s
Page 69 and 70:
Appendix E: Sample procedures relat
Page 71 and 72:
tracking had been maintained. The i
Page 73 and 74:
GPS (Global Positioning System) The
Page 75 and 76:
or as the corrections that would be
Page 77 and 78:
Simultaneous measurements Measureme
Page 79 and 80:
Checklists for GNSS survey specific
Page 81 and 82:
76 | GUIDELINES FOR THE USE OF GNSS
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Guidelines for the use of GNSS in surveying and mapping

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