Notional Field Development Final Report - EBN

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EBN Notional Field Development Plan Figure 4-23. Mobile advanced oxidation trailer Electro coagulation – This process destabilizes and coagulates the suspended colloidal matter in flowback and produced water. When contaminated water passes through the electrocoagulation cells, the anodic process releases positively charged ions, which bind onto the negatively charged colloidal particles in water resulting in coagulation. At the same time, gas bubbles produced at the cathode, attach to the coagulated matter causing it to float to the surface where it is removed by a surface skimmer. Heavier coagulants sink to the bottom, leaving clear water, suitable for use in drilling and production operations. © 2011 Halliburton All Rights Reserved 164
EBN Notional Field Development Plan Figure 4-24. Skid-mounted electro coagulation equipment Sludge Dewatering – Plate and frame filter presses are currently being used by some Operators for dewatering of sludge from clarification and sludge thickening treatment steps. The sludge cake material is being disposed at permitted landfills and tested for NORM detection levels. Figure 4-25. Filter press equipment used to de-water sludge Reverse Osmosis – This process of removing salts (TDS removal) from flow backwater uses a membrane. With reverse osmosis, the product water passes through a fine membrane that the salts are unable to pass through, while the salt waste (brine) is removed and disposed. This process differs from electrodialysis, where the salts are extracted from the feedwater by using a membrane with an electrical current to separate the ions. The positive ions go through one membrane, while the negative ions flow © 2011 Halliburton All Rights Reserved 165
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