Notional Field Development Final Report - EBN

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EBN Notional Field Development Plan 5 Summary and Recommendations EBN and all other operators need to consider a strategy how to develop Shale Gas prospects with a public acceptance and following all the necessary environmental regulations and laws.. Furthermore, we strongly recommend EBN to work out a more detailed and comprehensive well plan, i.e. perform collaborative well planning on both Boxtel and Haaren wells to seek a technical optimal and socially and environmentally acceptable placement of the wells. G&G Summary All available well evaluation data, mudlogs, sample analysis, and petrophysical well logs, support the conclusion that the Posidonia and Aalburg shales are organic rich source shales. Of the two, the Posidonia looks to have the best chance of being oil or gas condensate productive because it demonstrates higher effective porosity. It also exhibits a much lower structural dip than the Aalburg. That relatively flat dip is required for any kind of potential horizontal well development. Calculated mechanical properties of the Posidonia support it being a very soft and ductile shale that, while easy to frac, will make it difficult to establish a lot of effective conductivity by induced fracture complexity. Proppant conductivity can also be severely compromised by fines embedment in such a soft shale if subjected to very high differential draw down pressures. The wild card for enhanced productivity, even though it is a soft shale, appears to be the fact that the Posidonia overlays a series of numerous faults in a very tectonically active geologic basin. The stress field generated from these faults immediately below the optimum porosity interval should result in a shale that is potentially naturally fractured with enough fracture aperture for enhanced fluid delivery and migration. The existence of the lower faults also will prove to be a geo-hazard if not mapped adequately prior to horizontal development. A small number of vertical test, or pilot, wells drilled expressly for evaluation of the Posidonia & Aalburg shales should be drilled prior to a full-on horizontal development project. A complete modern shale petrophysical analysis should be performed that would link full core data with modern geochemical well logs and three dimensional stress measurements for optimum target delineation and optimized fracture design. Vertical well(s) and/or test horizontal well(s) should also be test fractured to establish exact pore pressure, closure stress, and leakoff parameters for optimized fracture design in a development phase. Many of the techniques discussed in this paper have proven successful in North America. With this being said, the completion recommendation for EBN is to adopt the third technique – coiledtubing assisted fracturing and more specifically HydraJetting via coiled-tubing. This method facilitates stimulating multiple shale intervals with less than half the hydraulic horsepower requirements and a significantly reduced footprint compared with other currently popular completion methods. This technology has significant potential because coiled tubing and HWO units are available in Europe. The © 2011 Halliburton All Rights Reserved 238
EBN Notional Field Development Plan pinpoint stimulation coiled-tubing method is environmentally friendly from a surface standpoint as its HHP, footprint, and water usage is much lower than the other two primary completion methods while maintaining its competitive performance. Hydraulic Fracture Design Summary (Refer to 3.2.4 Hydraulic Fracture Summary and Recommendations) Production Forecasting Summary (Refer to 3.3.3 Summary and Recommendations) Drilling Summary Final lateral lengths for planning need to be finalized based on the economic frac intervals required for a successful horizontal well. Well designs other than the standard vertical, build and horizontal need to be agreed on. The kick off points (KOPs) are presently being planned from 2150m to 2900m. The more complex well designs are feasible but require the KOPs to be higher in the well. Additional pad location screening needs to be carried out to determine acceptable definitive pad locations for further use in planning. Completion Summary The most common completion techniques seen in shale gas completion in the United States today are: • Plug and perf technique using drillable bridge plugs for isolation; • Ball drop or remote actuated sliding sleeve completions using open-hole packers in uncemented applications or cemented into place; and • Coiled-tubing assisted fracturing using HydraJet perforating and sand plugs for zone isolation. Transporting these techniques across the Atlantic into the European market may not be a very straightforward process. The concern with two of those three methods (plug and perf and sliding sleeves) is that they generally require very high pump rates and significant amounts of fracturing horsepower on location. One additional limitation that needs to be addressed for the European market is also rig availability. One estimate is that nearly 75% of the service industry’s global pressure-pumping equipment currently resides in North America. This could potentially have a large impact on shale play from exploration to development progress in Europe. © 2011 Halliburton All Rights Reserved 239
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Notional Field Development Final Report - EBN

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