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- 72- cryoturbation . As a result of cryoturbation the horizons are distorted and intrusions of organic materials, wood fragments and B materials may be found throughout the profile . The horizons affected by cryoturbation are designated by "y" . These soils are associated with hummocks in Zones 1, 2 and 3 . A representative profile of cryoturbed Cryic Gleyed Orthic Eutric Brunisol developed on lacustrine sediment is described as follows : Profile ZT15 Cryic Gleyed Orthic Eutric Brunisol* (Appendix I : Table 18) L-H- 5 to 0 cm, very dark brown (l0YR 2/2, moist), litter of black spruce, Ledum , mosses and lichens ; extremely acid ; clear, wavy boundary . Bmg- 0 to 10 cm, very dark grayish brown (l0YR 3/2, moist), silt loam ; medium granular ; slightly sticky, slightly plastic ; friable when moist, hard when dry ; neutral ; clear, wavy boundary . Cgy- 10 to 50 cm, dark gray (l0YR 4/1, moist), silt loam ; amorphous ; extremely cryoturbed ; intrusions of organic material (L-H), organic smears and stains ; slightly sticky and slightly plastic ; friable when moist, hard when dry ; mildly alkaline ; abrupt, wavy boundary . Cg- 50 to 63 cm, gray (l0YR 5/1, moist), silt loam ; amorphous ; slightly sticky and slightly plastic ; friable when moist, hard when dry ; mildly alkaline ; abrupt, smooth boundary . Cz- 63+ cm, frozen silt loam . Dystric- Brunisols These soils have the general characteristics of the Brunisols ; they have organic surface horizons (L-H) over Bm horizons in which the base saturation is usually 65 to 100 percent and the pH usually 5 .5 or lower . These soils may also have weakly expressed (Aej) or strongly Influenced by cryoturbation .
- 7 3 - expressed (Ae) eluvial horizons . These soils are found in the Inuvik area and are associated with patterned ground . Cryic Orthic Dystric Brunisol These soils have the general characteristics of Dystric Brunisols but have the permafrost table within the control section . They occur in the treeless tundra area and are associated with ice wedge polygons . A representative profile of a Cryic Orthic Dystric Brunisol developed on glacio-fluvial deposits in-the Eskimo Lakes area is described below : Profile ZT27 Cryic Orthic Dystric Brunisol (Appendix I : Table 19 & Plate 8A) Bm- 0 to 9 cm, dark brown (7 .5YR 4/2, moist), sandy loam ; pumice-like+, single-grained ; non-sticky, non-plastic ; loose when moist, loose when dry ; extremely acid ; tundra pavement on the surface ; clear, wavy boundary . BC- 9 to 25 cm, brown (l0YR 5/3, moist), sand ; single-grained ; non-sticky, non-plastic ; loose when moist, loose when dry ; extremely acid ; clear, wavy boundary . 25 to 60 cm-, grayish brown (l0YR 5/2, moist) sand ; singlegrained ; non-sticky, non-plastic ; loose when moist, loose when dry ; strongly acid ; abrupt, wavy boundary . Cz- 60+ cm, grayish brown (l0YR 5/2, moist), frozen sand . Cryic Orthic Dystric Brunisol* These are Cryic Orthic Dystric Brunisols affected by cryoturbation . As a result of cryoturbation the sequence of horizons is changed and distorted with blobs of organic materials, organic smears, wood fragments and intrusions of Ah or B horizons being-found in the cryoturbed horizons, which are designated by "y" . These soils are + pumice-like structure : great amounts of air voids due to frost action . * influenced by cryoturbation .
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SOILS OF THE MACKENZIE RIVER AREA b
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TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 . SUMMARY . . .
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TABLES Table 1 Page Mean monthly te
Page 8 and 9:
Page Plate 6 A . Non-sorted stripes
Page 10 and 11:
1 . SUMMARY Soils were examined in
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soils . Soils were classified accor
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4 . STUDY AREA 4 .1 . Location The
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Be aufort 70 135- Sea 65 - 135- -ST
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- 10 - (Brown, 1965) having an insi
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6 . CLIMATICALLY SIGNIFICANT ECOLOG
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Except under shallow lakes and pond
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soils are found on all poorly drain
Page 27 and 28:
Table 3 Summary of Description of Z
Page 29 and 30: 7 . DISTRIBUTION OF SOILS The distr
Page 31 and 32: 1 Table 4 (cont'd) Map Symbol+ Name
Page 33 and 34: I Table 4 (cont'd) Map Name Parent
Page 35 and 36: - 27 - 8 . DESCRIPTION OF SOILS 8 .
Page 37 and 38: - 29 - C . Fen Peat This type of pe
Page 39 and 40: - 31 - Table 5 . Rate of Accumulati
Page 41 and 42: - 3 3 - tiers (see The System of So
Page 43 and 44: - 3 5 - Profile T5A Cryic Mesisol (
Page 45 and 46: - 37 - PATTERNED FEN Landform ô N
Page 47 and 48: _3g_ Plate 2 A . Peat polygons, sit
Page 49 and 50: A . Vegetation on a peat polygon, s
Page 51 and 52: - 4 3 - content, especially the Ca
Page 53 and 54: - 4 5 - Ice Content % On A Volume B
Page 55 and 56: - 4 7 - crystals and thin vein ice
Page 57 and 58: - 4 9 - Collapse Scar I Peat Platea
Page 59 and 60: Vegetation : Soil Landform= Black S
Page 61 and 62: -53- the other hand, the peat occur
Page 63 and 64: 40 A . Core sample of perennially f
Page 65 and 66: - 57- ice lenses and vein ice up to
Page 67 and 68: - 59- Bt- 10 to 23 cm, dark yellowi
Page 69 and 70: moderately sloping topography ; on
Page 71 and 72: - 6 3 - plains, glacio-fluvial plai
Page 73 and 74: - 6 5 - Profile R 166 Cryic Orthic
Page 75 and 76: cm 100r Vegetation : Lichen -Voccin
Page 77 and 78: - 69- Alpine Eutric Brunisol These
Page 79: Vegetation Ericaceous - Lichen - Mo
Page 83 and 84: - 75 - Profile ZT16 Cryic Orthic Dy
Page 85 and 86: Vegetation Lichen - Voccinium - Car
Page 87 and 88: _ 79 _ Plate 9 A . Cryoturbed Cryic
Page 89 and 90: Topography : Brunisols developed on
Page 91 and 92: - 83 - C . rangiferina), feather mo
Page 93 and 94: - 85- air voids due to frost action
Page 95 and 96: . -87- Profile B70B Lithic Orthic R
Page 97 and 98: - 89- Rego Gleysol These soils have
Page 99 and 100: _ 91 _ 8 .2 .2 . Ice Content of Min
Page 101 and 102: - 9 3 - Another site was sampled on
Page 103 and 104: -95- The chemical composition of th
Page 105 and 106: - 9 7 - physical and chemical chara
Page 107 and 108: - 9 9 - 10 . IMPLICATIONS AND RECOM
Page 109 and 110: c . Very little information is avai
Page 111 and 112: - 103 - 11 . REFERENCES 1 . Atkinso
Page 113 and 114: - 105 - 24 . Pounder, E .R . 1965 .
Page 115 and 116: Appendix I : Table 1 . Analysis of
Page 117 and 118: Appendix I " Table 3 . Analysis of
Page 119 and 120: I r N Appendix I : Table 5 . Analys
Page 121 and 122: Appendix I " Table 7 . Analysis of
Page 125 and 126: Appendix I : Table It . Analysis of
Page 131 and 132:
Appendix I : Table 17 . Analysis of
Page 133 and 134:
Page 135 and 136:
Appendix I : Table 21, Analysis of
Page 137 and 138:
Page 139 and 140:
Page 141 and 142:
Appendix II . Analysis of Water Sam
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- 136 - Appendix III . (con't .) Si
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