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RealityCharting e-book .pdf - SERC Home Page

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Step Five: Determine if Causes Are Sufficient and Necessary<br />

Causal analysis is a difficult process even for experienced<br />

investigators. Even after understanding the basic causal<br />

structure of reality and the ease of using <strong>RealityCharting</strong>®, finding the<br />

action and condition causes can be problematic. Because we have never<br />

had to think this way and because the brain wants to make things simpler<br />

than they are, we naturally filter out many causes. In his legendary <strong>book</strong>,<br />

The Fifth Discipline, Peter Senge states that “cause and effect are not<br />

closely related in time and space.” He goes on to explain that most people<br />

think the cause to which we attach our solution is only a cause or two<br />

away from the symptom or effect we wish to change. 1 In other words, we<br />

tend to try and make reality much simpler than it really is and in doing<br />

so implement very poor solutions. Only by fully understanding all the<br />

causal relationships of a given event are we assured of effective solutions.<br />

Necessary Causes<br />

To help overcome this human condition I find that it helps to carefully<br />

examine each causal set and make sure that the causes actually occur<br />

at the same point in time and space and to make the time frame being<br />

observed as short as possible. Try to create a video in your mind’s eye of<br />

the event and use your “stop-action” button to look carefully at causes at<br />

a given point in time. Let’s take a look at an example of this. In Figure 8.1<br />

we see that the “Broken Leg” was caused by two causes, “Jumped Off Roof”<br />

and “Fell 15 Feet.” While these are causes of the broken leg, are they really<br />

occurring at the same point in time and space<br />

Let’s look a little closer. Run the video in your mind’s eye and see<br />

the bone actually breaking and ask what the causes are at this point in<br />

the video. Is it really “Jumped Off Roof Jumping off the roof was farther<br />

Action<br />

Jumped Off Roof<br />

Caused<br />

By<br />

Primary Effect<br />

Broken Leg<br />

Caused<br />

By<br />

Observation<br />

R<br />

Condition<br />

Fell 15 Feet<br />

Caused<br />

By<br />

Figure 8.1.<br />

First Look<br />

Measured Height<br />

R<br />

105

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