RACE AND THE ENFORCEMENT OF DRUG DELIVERY LAWS IN ...

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most categories were just over 60 percent. 50 Finally, the survey does not include those who were absent or who had dropped out of school. The survey results of the Communities that Care Youth Survey for the Seattle Public Schools 51 suggest that the use of serious drugs among Seattle Public School students is not uncommon. In particular, 7 percent of the students surveyed reported using (an unspecified form of) cocaine, ecstasy, or hallucinogens in the previous 30 days, while another 5 percent reported using stimulants. Overall, more than one-fourth (26.2 percent) of the public school students surveyed reported recently using at least one of these serious illicit drugs in the previous thirty days (see Figure 2). Figure 2. Drug Use in Past 30 Days among Seattle Public School Students, 2004 30% 20% 10% 0% Hallucinogens Cocaine Ecstasy Stimulants Any of the Above Source: Dr. Michael W. Arthur, Research Associate Professor, Social Development Research Group, University of Washington. In short, surveys of Seattle residents aged 12 and older suggest that cocaine and ecstasy are the most commonly used serious drugs. The results of the survey of Seattle Public School students indicate that these substances, along with hallucinogens and stimulants, are also fairly popular among youth. Significant percentages of Seattle residents reported recent use of a serious illicit drug. SAMHSA’s Communities that Care Youth Survey of public school students also provides information about the prevalence of serious drug use among particular 50 The number of students surveyed varies by grade and by question, but ranges from 1,400 - 2,100. 51 These data were provided by Dr. Michael W. Arthur, Research Associate Professor, Social Development Research Group, University of Washington and are on file with the author. 23
acial/ethnic groups. These data indicate that rates of serious drug use are roughly similar across public school students of diverse racial and ethnic backgrounds. Overall, Asian public school students report the lowest rates of serious drug use, while Hispanic students report the highest rates. Thirty percent of all black students, compared with 26 percent of all white students, reported using a serious illegal drug in the past 30 days (see Figure 3). 35% Figure 3. Prevalence of Past Month Drug Use among Seattle Public School Students 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% Asian Black Hispanic White All Students 0% Cocaine Hallucinogens Ecstasy Stimulants Any of These Source: SAMHSA, Communities that Care Youth Survey. Data provided by Dr. Michael W. Arthur, Research Associate Professor, Social Development Research Group, University of Washington. Each of these two surveys suggests that the prevalence of serious drug use among white Seattle residents is similar to the prevalence of serious drug use among Seattle residents as a whole. The SAMHSA Survey on Drug Use and Health found slightly higher levels of past year drug use among whites (18.6 percent) than among Seattle residents as a whole (18.5 percent). The percentage of whites who recently (i.e. in past month) used a serious drug (7.9 percent) was similar to the percentage of all Seattle residents (8.5 percent) who had done so. Applying the past-year prevalence rates to the Seattle population aged 12 and older suggests that 69.1 percent of the Seattle residents aged 12 and older who used a serious illicit drug in the past year were white. This figure is nearly identical to the share of the Seattle population aged 12 and older that is white (68.7 percent). Extrapolating past-month prevalence estimates to the Seattle population suggests that 63.9 percent of the Seattle residents aged 12 and older 24
Page 1 and 2: RACE AND DRUG LAW ENFORCEMENT IN SE
Page 3 and 4: This report was commissioned as par
Page 5 and 6: LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES PAGE TAB
Page 7 and 8: Figure 9. Purposeful Seattle Drug D
Page 10 and 11: SUMMARY OF KEY FINDINGS FINDING 1 T
Page 12 and 13: FINDING 4 The focus on crack cocain
Page 14 and 15: INTRODUCTION Less than 5 percent of
Page 16 and 17: RACIAL DISPARITIES IN SEATTLE DRUG
Page 18 and 19: Table 1. Black and White Drug Arres
Page 20 and 21: esearchers found that rates of drug
Page 22 and 23: RESEARCH DESIGN AND ORGANIZATION OF
Page 24: serious drugs in Seattle are white.
Page 27 and 28: users: “Persons at almost all lev
Page 29 and 30: as the goal is to provide samples o
Page 31: percent of white Seattle residents,
Page 35 and 36: When approaching clients, surveyors
Page 37 and 38: youth. However, these surveys likel
Page 39 and 40: 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0%
Page 41 and 42: or partially publicly-funded treatm
Page 43 and 44: Primary Drug of Abuse Cocaine (all
Page 45 and 46: system at the time of their death w
Page 47 and 48: did not transfer drugs to the buyer
Page 49 and 50: Insofar as many drug users knowingl
Page 51 and 52: the person who provided these subst
Page 53 and 54: Table 7. Racial and Ethnic Composit
Page 55 and 56: Table 8. Summary of Data Pertaining
Page 57 and 58: ut only 89 for methamphetamine, ecs
Page 59 and 60: time. 87 As noted previously, this
Page 61 and 62: Drug delivery arrests continue to b
Page 63 and 64: In sum, many of the arrest patterns
Page 65 and 66: Table 10. Racial Disparity in Drug
Page 68 and 69: PART III: EXPLAINING RACIAL DISPARI
Page 70 and 71: that a higher percentage of whites
Page 72 and 73: After clients had completed their s
Page 74 and 75: Table 13. Racial and Ethnic Composi
Page 76 and 77: whites engaging in the same behavio
Page 78 and 79: Analysis of the patterns found in t
Page 80 and 81: Table 16. Statistical Significance
Page 82 and 83:
In sum, the evidence shows that rac
Page 84 and 85:
those delivering drugs downtown wer
Page 86 and 87:
for delivering a serious drug in Se
Page 88 and 89:
to danger, instantaneous addiction
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9.6 percent primarily abused other
Page 92 and 93:
percent of those delivering drugs d
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officers made a drug arrest, issued
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Figure 18. Geographic Distribution
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Figure 20. Geographic Distribution
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As these maps illustrate, civilian
Page 102 and 103:
and infant health by crack cocaine
Page 104 and 105:
Although the crack trade has been a
Page 106:
Weapons were more likely to be seiz
Page 109 and 110:
supports an alternative explanation
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Buckman, Charles, and John Lamberth
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Hagedorn, John M. 1994. “Homeboys
Page 115 and 116:
Murphy, Sheigla and Dan Waldorf. 19
Page 117 and 118:
Ritter, Alison. 2005. A Review of A
Page 119 and 120:
United Nations International Drug C
Page 121 and 122:
APPENDIX B: UNRELIABLE 9-1-1 CALL E
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Complaint: Arrival: Officer Update:
Page 126:
ABOUT THE AUTHOR Katherine Beckett
Page 130:
THE DEFENDER ASSOCIATION
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