RACE AND THE ENFORCEMENT OF DRUG DELIVERY LAWS IN ...

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80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Figure 9. Purposeful Seattle Drug Delivery Arrests by Operation Type and Race, 2005-2006 White Black Latino Buy Bust See-Pop Narcotics Search Warrant Other Source: Seattle Police Department incident reports. A significant majority (78 percent) of SPD delivery arrests took place outdoors. Only 15.6 percent took place indoors; the remaining 6 percent occurred in a vehicle. Although blacks comprised a larger share of those arrested outdoors (70.5 percent) than indoors (52.3 percent), the majority of those arrested in each location type (outdoors, indoors and in vehicles) were black (see Figure 10). 70% 60% Figure 10. Purposeful Seattle Drug Delivery Arrests by Location Type and Race, 2005-2006 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% White Black Latino Indoors Outdoors In a vehicle Source: Seattle Police Department incident reports. 51
Drug delivery arrests continue to be concentrated downtown: just over 57 percent of the delivery arrests took place in the West Precinct (see Figure 11). Figure 11. Purposeful Seattle Drug Delivery Arrests by Precinct, 2005-2006 15% 57% 3% 18% East North South Southwest West 7% Source: Seattle Police Department incident reports. Within the West Precinct, purposeful drug delivery arrests involving serious drugs are concentrated in a handful of census tracts, particularly census tract 81. 88 In fact, more than one-fourth (26.3 percent) of all of Seattle’s purposeful drug delivery arrests involving serious drugs that took place during the fourmonth sampling period occurred within census tract 81. Nearly half of all delivery arrests that occurred in Seattle in these four months took place in just three census tracts: 81, 80 and 72 (see Figure 12). 89 88 Precinct is not identified in Seattle Police Department incident reports and was therefore derived either by beat or, if beat was unidentified, by geo-coding the arrest location provided by SPD officers. Although the incident report form does include an entry for census tract location, many of the census tracts identified on the form did not match the arrest location. Census tract was therefore also derived by geo-coding the arrest location. 89 The five census tracts with the largest number of delivery arrests were census tract 81 (downtown, 75 arrests), census tract 80 (Belltown, 37 arrests), census tract 72 (area surrounding the Seattle Center, 26 arrests), census tract 53 (University District, 20 arrests) and census tract 79 (Central District, 16 arrests). 52
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RACE AND DRUG LAW ENFORCEMENT IN SE
Page 3 and 4:
This report was commissioned as par
Page 5 and 6:
LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES PAGE TAB
Page 7 and 8:
Figure 9. Purposeful Seattle Drug D
Page 10 and 11: SUMMARY OF KEY FINDINGS FINDING 1 T
Page 12 and 13: FINDING 4 The focus on crack cocain
Page 14 and 15: INTRODUCTION Less than 5 percent of
Page 16 and 17: RACIAL DISPARITIES IN SEATTLE DRUG
Page 18 and 19: Table 1. Black and White Drug Arres
Page 20 and 21: esearchers found that rates of drug
Page 22 and 23: RESEARCH DESIGN AND ORGANIZATION OF
Page 24: serious drugs in Seattle are white.
Page 27 and 28: users: “Persons at almost all lev
Page 29 and 30: as the goal is to provide samples o
Page 31 and 32: percent of white Seattle residents,
Page 33 and 34: acial/ethnic groups. These data ind
Page 35 and 36: When approaching clients, surveyors
Page 37 and 38: youth. However, these surveys likel
Page 39 and 40: 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0%
Page 41 and 42: or partially publicly-funded treatm
Page 43 and 44: Primary Drug of Abuse Cocaine (all
Page 45 and 46: system at the time of their death w
Page 47 and 48: did not transfer drugs to the buyer
Page 49 and 50: Insofar as many drug users knowingl
Page 51 and 52: the person who provided these subst
Page 53 and 54: Table 7. Racial and Ethnic Composit
Page 55 and 56: Table 8. Summary of Data Pertaining
Page 57 and 58: ut only 89 for methamphetamine, ecs
Page 59: time. 87 As noted previously, this
Page 63 and 64: In sum, many of the arrest patterns
Page 65 and 66: Table 10. Racial Disparity in Drug
Page 68 and 69: PART III: EXPLAINING RACIAL DISPARI
Page 70 and 71: that a higher percentage of whites
Page 72 and 73: After clients had completed their s
Page 74 and 75: Table 13. Racial and Ethnic Composi
Page 76 and 77: whites engaging in the same behavio
Page 78 and 79: Analysis of the patterns found in t
Page 80 and 81: Table 16. Statistical Significance
Page 82 and 83: In sum, the evidence shows that rac
Page 84 and 85: those delivering drugs downtown wer
Page 86 and 87: for delivering a serious drug in Se
Page 88 and 89: to danger, instantaneous addiction
Page 90 and 91: 9.6 percent primarily abused other
Page 92 and 93: percent of those delivering drugs d
Page 94 and 95: officers made a drug arrest, issued
Page 96 and 97: Figure 18. Geographic Distribution
Page 98 and 99: Figure 20. Geographic Distribution
Page 100 and 101: As these maps illustrate, civilian
Page 102 and 103: and infant health by crack cocaine
Page 104 and 105: Although the crack trade has been a
Page 106: Weapons were more likely to be seiz
Page 109 and 110: supports an alternative explanation
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Buckman, Charles, and John Lamberth
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Hagedorn, John M. 1994. “Homeboys
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Murphy, Sheigla and Dan Waldorf. 19
Page 117 and 118:
Ritter, Alison. 2005. A Review of A
Page 119 and 120:
United Nations International Drug C
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APPENDIX B: UNRELIABLE 9-1-1 CALL E
Page 123 and 124:
Complaint: Arrival: Officer Update:
Page 126:
ABOUT THE AUTHOR Katherine Beckett
Page 130:
THE DEFENDER ASSOCIATION
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