RACE AND THE ENFORCEMENT OF DRUG DELIVERY LAWS IN ...

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Figure 18. Geographic Distribution of Civilian Narcotics 9-1-1 Calls Source: Seattle Police Department CAD Database. 87
Comparison of the 9-1-1 calls and arrest outcomes shows little congruence between the two. Specifically, civilian 9-1-1 callers who complained about drug activity located that activity in the West Precinct 30.4 percent of the time. By contrast, 57.7 percent of the purposeful delivery arrests occurred in that precinct. Similarly, 5.9 percent of the 9-1-1 callers complained about perceived drug activity in census tract 81, but 26.3 percent of the arrests took place in that census tract. As Figure 19 shows, the East Precinct, South Precinct and Southwest Precinct were the site of fewer purposeful delivery arrests than would be expected on the basis of NARs and 9-1-1 calls. By contrast, the West Precinct and census tract 81 were the site of far more delivery arrests than would be predicted on the basis of civilian complaints about drugs (see Figure 19). 60% Figure 19. Geographic Distribution of Civilian Complaints about Drug Activity and Drug Delivery Arrests, April and May 2005–2006 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% NARs 9-1-1 Calls Delivery Arrests 0% East Precinct North Precinct South Precinct SW Precinct West Precinct Census Tract 81 Source: Seattle Police Department Narcotics Activity Reports, CAD data and incident reports. This lack of congruence becomes even more evident if NARs and 9-1-1 calls are combined (see Figures 20 and 21). 88
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RACE AND DRUG LAW ENFORCEMENT IN SE
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This report was commissioned as par
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LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES PAGE TAB
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Figure 9. Purposeful Seattle Drug D
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SUMMARY OF KEY FINDINGS FINDING 1 T
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FINDING 4 The focus on crack cocain
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INTRODUCTION Less than 5 percent of
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RACIAL DISPARITIES IN SEATTLE DRUG
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Table 1. Black and White Drug Arres
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esearchers found that rates of drug
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RESEARCH DESIGN AND ORGANIZATION OF
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serious drugs in Seattle are white.
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users: “Persons at almost all lev
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as the goal is to provide samples o
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percent of white Seattle residents,
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acial/ethnic groups. These data ind
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When approaching clients, surveyors
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youth. However, these surveys likel
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80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0%
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or partially publicly-funded treatm
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Primary Drug of Abuse Cocaine (all
Page 45 and 46: system at the time of their death w
Page 47 and 48: did not transfer drugs to the buyer
Page 49 and 50: Insofar as many drug users knowingl
Page 51 and 52: the person who provided these subst
Page 53 and 54: Table 7. Racial and Ethnic Composit
Page 55 and 56: Table 8. Summary of Data Pertaining
Page 57 and 58: ut only 89 for methamphetamine, ecs
Page 59 and 60: time. 87 As noted previously, this
Page 61 and 62: Drug delivery arrests continue to b
Page 63 and 64: In sum, many of the arrest patterns
Page 65 and 66: Table 10. Racial Disparity in Drug
Page 68 and 69: PART III: EXPLAINING RACIAL DISPARI
Page 70 and 71: that a higher percentage of whites
Page 72 and 73: After clients had completed their s
Page 74 and 75: Table 13. Racial and Ethnic Composi
Page 76 and 77: whites engaging in the same behavio
Page 78 and 79: Analysis of the patterns found in t
Page 80 and 81: Table 16. Statistical Significance
Page 82 and 83: In sum, the evidence shows that rac
Page 84 and 85: those delivering drugs downtown wer
Page 86 and 87: for delivering a serious drug in Se
Page 88 and 89: to danger, instantaneous addiction
Page 90 and 91: 9.6 percent primarily abused other
Page 92 and 93: percent of those delivering drugs d
Page 94 and 95: officers made a drug arrest, issued
Page 98 and 99: Figure 20. Geographic Distribution
Page 100 and 101: As these maps illustrate, civilian
Page 102 and 103: and infant health by crack cocaine
Page 104 and 105: Although the crack trade has been a
Page 106: Weapons were more likely to be seiz
Page 109 and 110: supports an alternative explanation
Page 111 and 112: Buckman, Charles, and John Lamberth
Page 113 and 114: Hagedorn, John M. 1994. “Homeboys
Page 115 and 116: Murphy, Sheigla and Dan Waldorf. 19
Page 117 and 118: Ritter, Alison. 2005. A Review of A
Page 119 and 120: United Nations International Drug C
Page 121 and 122: APPENDIX B: UNRELIABLE 9-1-1 CALL E
Page 123 and 124: Complaint: Arrival: Officer Update:
Page 126: ABOUT THE AUTHOR Katherine Beckett
Page 130: THE DEFENDER ASSOCIATION
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