Experiment Proposal - opera - Infn

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35-40 cm electronic card PMT optocoupler cable 64 WLS fibers Figure 43: End-manifold of the scintillator strips prototype. Figure 44: The expected light yield at each side of the plane (dashed lines) and the sum from both sides (continuous line) [38]. The cross correspond to the test beam measurement value. 62
the effective maximal length (for photons crossing the middle of the scintillator strips) is less than 4.5 m (3.35 m in the scintillator and 1.10 m maximum at the optocoupler). Number of p.e 35 30 BC91-A ∅1 mm 25 20 15 10 5 0 0 100 200 300 400 500 Length (cm) Figure 45: Light yield obtained with 2 × 1 cm 2 NE110 scintillator strips and 1 mm diameter Bicron 91A fibres. 4.4.2 Detector planes One target tracker plane contains an array of 256 strips with fibres readout at both ends. Two planes with perpendicular strip orientation are placed downstream of each target wall. No multiplexing scheme is foreseen. A total of 16 64-pixel photodetectors is needed to serve one tracker wall. Fig. 46 shows the layout of a plane with its fibre readout. The detector planes must be installed as close as possible possible to the brick walls. Simulations have shown that the space resolution in the determination of the event vertex in the brick depends on the gap between the brick and the tracker walls. In addition, the gap between two brick walls has to be small for an easy matching of the tracks between two consecutive bricks, by minimising the scanning area in the downstream wall. In the present design, a value of 3.6 cm is retained by practical considerations related to the transverse size of the photodetectors. Alternative solutions are under study to minimise the gap thickness. 63
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CERN/SPSC 2000-028 SPSC/P318 LNGS P
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N. Bruski, S. Buontempo, F. Carbona
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Contents 1 Introduction 5 1.1 Physi
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6.7.1 Multiple scattering analysis
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1 Introduction In this document we
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eactor experiments (KAMLAND [22], B
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difference being the nature of the
Page 15 and 16: The total energy of electrons and
Page 17 and 18: through the decay topology and its
Page 19 and 20: Figure 6: Simulated ν τ event wit
Page 21 and 22: particles above 10 MeV . One can se
Page 23 and 24: vertex position as predicted by the
Page 25 and 26: • stability and maintenance: no p
Page 27 and 28: Figure 11: Illustration of the vari
Page 29 and 30: Table 3: Expected numbers of τ and
Page 31 and 32: 3 The CNGS neutrino beam 3.1 The be
Page 33 and 34: per year of operation because the S
Page 35 and 36: ν µ at GS (p.o.t. GeV m 2 ) -1 10
Page 37 and 38: Figure 19: Generated (continuous li
Page 39 and 40: Emulsion Film + 56 (Lead + Emulsion
Page 41 and 42: The mechanical properties of the fi
Page 43 and 44: Figure 24: Film thickness distribut
Page 45 and 46: contact at different temperature an
Page 47 and 48: Figure 27: Photograph of a minimum
Page 49 and 50: entry : 85 RMS: 0.060 15 10 5 0 0 d
Page 51 and 52: [micron] 2 1 0 -1 -2 [micron] 2 1 0
Page 53 and 54: een searching for old emulsion plat
Page 55 and 56: Figure 33: Thickness distribution f
Page 57 and 58: Figure 35: RMS distribution of 472
Page 59 and 60: Figure 37: Wall support structure.
Page 61 and 62: ensures a well defined brick positi
Page 63 and 64: Figure 41: Detail of the brick mani
Page 65: The strips are 6.7 m long, 2.6 cm w
Page 69 and 70: Table 7: Characteristics of the 64-
Page 71 and 72: photomultiplier to be tested diaphr
Page 73 and 74: modate from 512 up to 5180 fibres.
Page 75 and 76: The fast shaper has a high gain in
Page 77 and 78: The Ethernet capable device provide
Page 79 and 80: R&D already performed by the MINOS
Page 81 and 82: Figure 54: Isometric view of the di
Page 83 and 84: Figure 56: Magnetic field distribut
Page 85 and 86: RPC layout 8.00 m 8.75 m Figure 58:
Page 87 and 88: formance, it is presently foreseen
Page 89 and 90: Figure 61: Drift plane arrangement
Page 91 and 92: Figure 63: Schematic view of a XPC
Page 93 and 94: Figure 64: Acceleration spectrum fo
Page 95 and 96: Figure 65: The OPERA detector shown
Page 97 and 98: Table 9: Number of electronic chann
Page 99 and 100: Adjustable gain Channel 0 Sample &
Page 101 and 102: Trigger OUT IN Discri. Time Ref. PP
Page 103 and 104: Super Module 1 Super Module 2 Super
Page 105 and 106: 5 Analysis of the electronic detect
Page 107 and 108: Track segments on both the emulsion
Page 109 and 110: 5.5 Brick finding efficiency The se
Page 111 and 112: Wall finding efficiency 1 0.95 0.9
Page 113 and 114: The worst case leading to the lowes
Page 115 and 116: electromagnetic showering events an
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Studies on the strategies have star
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which may enter in such a compariso
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Figure 84: The total brick finding
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Figure 86: Charge determination of
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Figure 89: Muon momentum resolution
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Figure 91: Muon momentum resolution
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Reconstructed Pion Energy N Analog
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Figure 98: The difference between r
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By using the above running modes of
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µm EXP.: DONUT 3039/01910 MOD.:ECC
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emulsion film plastic foils and edg
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200micron base 50micron emulsion la
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Figure 106: Tracking efficiency of
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a base track on film 2 a penetratin
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Long decays, defined as a decay top
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more than 60 views/s recognising al
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Table 12: Basic numbers used to des
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an area that one S-UTS can process
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unit cell L=1300micron Pb plate ( 1
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We recall that the intrinsic positi
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Figure 116: The top histograms show
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The error on θ S due to both the s
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Figure 120: Fraction of pions which
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#1 #2 #3 #4 #5 γ γ ∆θ 4= |θ 5
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Figure 124: Energy resolution for e
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Figure 126: Efficiency for γ’s t
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7 Physics performance 7.1 Electron
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7.2 Muon identification efficiency
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Table 13: Muon identification effic
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Table 14: Brick finding efficiency
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The second result is obtained from
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Figure 134: Brick-to-brick connecti
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Figure 136: Distribution of τ deca
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For long decays the overall efficie
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The φ angle is expected to peak at
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Table 19: Summary of the kinematica
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known. Because of these uncertainti
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Table 21: Expected charm background
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π− e+ γ e- e+ e- γ π− Figur
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Table 24: Estimates of the rate of
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Table 27: Expected numbers of τ an
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Table 28: Sensitivity at the 90% CL
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7.6 Determination of the oscillatio
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measurement of the ratio between ν
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Table 30: Neural network recognitio
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(mrad) 0.04 0.02 0 -0.02 -0.04 10 2
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Table 31: Radioactivity measurement
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ick. There is approximately a facto
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Figure 152: A typical PMT response
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1m π, µ 15 GeV/c mini-walls 1.6 m
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Electrons 1GeV/c 20mm Pb Number of
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tube. An Image Intensifier (II) by
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1 0 0 l = 1 1 .8 m N, p.e. 1 0 1 0
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HPD’s pixels (Fig. 162). The cook
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A complete system has been designed
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The acquisition system (VA-DAQ) use
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The upstream tracker T 1-3 between
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Figure 168: Distributions of the ap
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Figure 169: Example of a large-angl
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multiple scattering, given the smal
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9.1.3 Wall support structures An al
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Nevertheless, the possibility to us
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Figure 174: (a) 3D view of the spec
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9 p.e. and 6.9 p.e. at a distance f
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Figure 176: Neutrino induced charm
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A test programme for emulsion brick
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The space requirements in the exper
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advance. The sets of scintillator s
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Task Name Start Finish Study of mai
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11 Experimental infrastructure 11.1
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After the exposure to cosmic rays,
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on the size of these stations. A co
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Table 38: Expected contributions to
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the developed emulsions and to stan
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As the sensitivity is not limited b
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[26] M. Apollonio et al., Phys. Let
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[89] http : //tosca.web.cern.ch/T O
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