Looking Glass River Watershed Management Plan - Greater ...

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Program Implementation Program implementation is the second phase of the cycle and consists of applying the WMP which was developed or updated during the program planning phase. Lessons learned and comments on the WMP are compiled during the implementation phase and are subsequently addressed in the effectiveness assessment phase. Effectiveness Assessment The effectiveness assessment phase consists of a water quality assessment, a program assessment, and an integrated assessment. The integrated assessment facilitates examining the causal relationships between program implementation and changes in water quality. Water Quality Assessment Water quality assessment is the analysis of water quality data to draw conclusions on the condition of or changes to the condition of receiving waters or discharges to those waters. The water quality assessment provides a way to assess the direct evaluation mechanisms. Long-term assessment is also necessary to ensure that seasonal, annual, and other variables can be identified and are considered when interpreting the results. Generally, determining the effectiveness of the actions is a qualitative process that relies on the water quality assessment showing at least minimal improvement in water quality over time. Many watershed monitoring methods may be used throughout the watershed to help evaluate the effectiveness of WMP implementation. Examples of the methods include the following: • Benthic Macroinvertebrate Monitoring • Frog and Toad Survey • Fish Studies • Analytical Chemistry Testing • Stream Corridor Assessments • Stream Crossing Watershed Survey and Photographs • Hot Spot Testing The different monitoring activities will be conducted in close proximity to one another in order to develop relationships between them and a holistic view of a particular area. For example, the photographic monitoring will be done at the macroinvertebrate monitoring sites along with the basic water quality monitoring sites. The road/stream crossing surveys will be done immediately upstream and downstream of the macroinvertebrate monitoring sites and will include photographic log files. A community-based research group made up of volunteers from the general public will be trained to assist with monitoring activities. The benefits of using volunteers to conduct monitoring include increasing public participation, increasing public education and decreasing the cost of the monitoring program. Including established volunteer programs in the monitoring effort may be beneficial. Established groups include the Mid- Section 9: Evaluation Mechanisms 9-5
Michigan Environmental Action Council (MID-MEAC), public school projects such as GREEN (Global Rivers Environmental Education Network), or other organized activities such as 4-H clubs, scouting groups, and senior citizen groups. The following describes the various monitoring methods: Benthic Macroinvertebrate Monitoring The presence or absence of certain species of benthic macroinvertebrates is a good indicator of the health of a stream. A benthic macroinvertebrate is an organism having no backbone that dwells on the bottom of a water body. The presence of organisms tolerant to pollution and few or no organisms sensitive to pollution indicates pollution in the water. MSUWATER, MDEQ/MDNR, and MID-MEAC have conducted macroinvertebrate monitoring in the past (see Section 4) and may do so again in the future at their discretion. Benthic Monitoring, Clinton River Watershed Council, 2005 Frog and Toad Survey Like benthic macroinvertebrates, frogs and toads are sensitive to changes in water quality. The absence or decline of a frog and toad population indicates a loss of the quality of their wetland habitat and ultimately their ecosystem. As a result of the concern for the rarity, decline, and population die-off of several species, the Michigan Department of Natural Resources (MDNR) developed the Michigan Frog and Toad Survey which uses volunteers to monitor wetland sites three times annually during early spring, late spring, and summer. At each site, the volunteer listens for frog and toad breeding season calls and makes a simple estimate on the population size. Detailed information is given to the volunteer including how to establish a survey route and a tape or CD of frog and toad calls. Fish Studies Fish studies may consist of assessing habitat, population diversity and abundance, and contaminants in tissue. All of these factors can be used as indicators of the health of the river. MSUWATER or the MDEQ / MDNR have conducted fish studies in the past (see Section 4) and may do so again in the future at their discretion. Analytical Chemistry Testing Many different analytical chemistry tests may be performed to determine the quality of surface water. The tests may be considered individually or combined together in an index. An example of one such index was created and designed by the National Sanitation Foundation (NSF) in 1970 called the Water Quality Index (WQI). The purpose of the index is to measure water quality changes in a particular river reach over time and provide a means to compare results with different reaches of the same river or other rivers. The WQI includes testing the water for dissolved oxygen, fecal coliform, pH, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), temperature, total phosphate, nitrates, turbidity, and total solids. The nine resulting values are then added, with weighting factors, to arrive at an overall water quality index (Mitchell, 2000). Sampling and testing may be done by either volunteer or professionals depending on the desired results and budgetary constraints. Photo Courtesy of CWP, June 2005. 9-6 GLRC Watersheds April 2007
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GLRC on Phase II Looking Glass Rive
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P:\1666001\09 Looking Glass WMP\WMP
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Table of Contents Organization of t
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SECTION 10 - Plan Sustainability In
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FIGURES Figure 1-1 Watershed Locati
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Organization of the Plan This plan
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9. Evaluation and Revision Section
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The goals and objectives were then
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Looking Glass Watershed The Looking
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• methods for evaluation of progr
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References Center for Watershed Pro
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The majority of wetlands in the wat
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commonly classified as hydrologic s
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Significant Natural Features to be
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References Centers for Disease Cont
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3. Water Quality Conditions People
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sanitary sewer treatment system has
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Section 3: Water Quality Conditions
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Data Analysis Tetra Tech summarized
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Table 3-4 explains the problems fou
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Vermillion Creek Assessment Vermill
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Volunteers identify the species bas
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Watershed Fish Consumption The Mich
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The coldwater fishery use does not
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Interpretation of Watershed Conditi
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4. Community Outreach A watershed p
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Public Comment on Draft Plan A draf
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Public Education Plan Public educat
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determining goals and desires for t
Page 76 and 77: Table 5-1 Status of Designated Uses
Page 78 and 79: Sources The main sources of sedimen
Page 80 and 81: the time for the specified month. (
Page 82 and 83: Altered Hydrology Stream flows vary
Page 84 and 85: day as it is at a USGS gauging stat
Page 86 and 87: Figure 5-2 R-B Index at Eagle (USGS
Page 88 and 89: It should also be noted that the su
Page 90 and 91: Detergents are becoming a serious t
Page 92 and 93: Physical Pollutants Physical pollut
Page 94 and 95: Oil and grease are often referred t
Page 96 and 97: Table 5-14 Pesticide: Sources and C
Page 98 and 99: Introduction 6. Goals and Objective
Page 100 and 101: equirements, some objectives go bey
Page 102 and 103: Goal 3: Encourage Water Quality Fri
Page 104 and 105: general health of wetlands, primary
Page 106 and 107: References DAS Manufacturing. “Cu
Page 108 and 109: Several programs are available loca
Page 110 and 111: Better Site Design Better site desi
Page 112 and 113: Non-Storm Water Discharges Non-stor
Page 114 and 115: producers to meet personal objectiv
Page 116 and 117: Michigan Turfgrass Environmental St
Page 118 and 119: 8. Action Plan Source: Basetree, 20
Page 120 and 121: Table 8-1 Benefits of Goals No Goal
Page 122 and 123: 9. Evaluation Mechanisms “Not eve
Page 124 and 125: Evaluation Mechanisms Level One - A
Page 128 and 129: The MDEQ/MDNR have conducted analyt
Page 130 and 131: Assessing the evaluation mechanisms
Page 132 and 133: Goal 3: Encourage Water Quality Fri
Page 134 and 135: Goal 6: Protect and Increase Wetlan
Page 136 and 137: Evaluation Action Plan At the end o
Page 138 and 139: Evaluation Mechanisms Municipal Sta
Page 140 and 141: The committee defined appropriate w
Page 142 and 143: “It is the purpose of this Memora
Page 144 and 145: each other about how to protect and
Page 146 and 147: A-2 Looking Glass River Watershed A
Page 148 and 149: B-2 Looking Glass River Watershed A
Page 150 and 151: C-2 Looking Glass River Watershed A
Page 152 and 153: D-2 Looking Glass River Watershed A
Page 154 and 155: Appendix E Road Stream Surveys Appe
Page 156 and 157: Appendix F Vermillion Creek Corresp
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