Looking Glass River Watershed Management Plan - Greater ...

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The majority of wetlands in the watershed exist in the subwatersheds of Upper Remey Chandler, Middle Vermilion Creek, and Mud Creek (each having 12% of the total). Subwatershed Table 2-3 Wetlands Wetland Acres Wetland Coverage Subwatershed Wetland (ac) per Watershed Wetland (ac) Clise Drain 1,494 23% 9% Faiver Drain 387 7% 2% Graneer Drain 1,676 33% 10% Upper Vermilion 1,749 23% 11% Looking Glass A 1,400 27% 9% Looking Glass B 463 6% 3% Lower Remey Chandler 634 10% 4% Lower Vermilion Creek 1,012 35% 6% Mud Creek 1,916 32% 12% Prairie & Gunderman 515 11% 3% Summer Drain 619 10% 4% Turkey Creek 376 11% 2% Upper Remey Chandler 1,937 23% 12% Middle Vermilion Creek 1,891 33% 12% Watershed Total 16,070 20% 100% Importance of Headwater Streams Headwater streams and wetlands are often undefined, unmapped, small locations which provide the water that flows and maintains our river systems. The term “headwater” refers to the smallest stream or wetland that flows into a stream network. Regional studies have shown that these headwater streams and wetlands make up more than 80% of the nation’s stream network. These waterways provide many of the benefits that scientists call “ecosystem services”. They provide groundwater filtering and recharge, recycling of waste products, flood control, spawning and mating grounds for fish and wildlife, and the water for human use. Most importantly, headwater streams and wetlands provide the basis for improved water quality in our watersheds. Climate The climate of the Looking Glass watershed can generally be described as one having a warm summer and a cool-to-cold winter. The average temperature in the region is highly seasonal. The average temperature for the month of January, the coldest month, is 22.7° F while August, the warmest month, has an average temperature of 71.2° F – a difference of 48.5 °F. The average annual precipitation is 32.82 inches. Like the temperature, it is seasonally variable, with February, the driest month receiving 1.57 inches on average, while June, the wettest month, receives 3.73 inches on average – a difference of approximately 2.2 inches. In the months of October through April, a portion of precipitation typically occurs as snowfall. The greatest amount of snowfall occurs in January (13.4 inches on average – approximately equivalent to 1.3 inches of rainfall) and “The physical, chemical, and biotic integrity of our nations’ waters is subtained by service provided by wetlands and headwaters streams” - Where Rivers are Born:: The Scientific Imperative for Defending Small Streams and Wetlands, 2003 2-8 Looking Glass River Watershed April 2007
accounts for 75% of the precipitation for the month. The months of June through August average no snowfall, while May and September may receive trace amounts. The wind in the region generally comes from the west / southwest at 9mph during the summer and 12 mph during the winter. The peak gusts generally occur in the spring / early summer. More detailed climatic information is presented in Table 2-4. Month Average Temperature (°F) Table 2-4 Climatic Data Average Precipitation* (inches) Average Snowfall** (inches) Prevailing Wind Direction Average Wind Speed (mph) Peak Gust Wind Speed (mph) January 22.7 1.78 13.4 SW 12 55 February 24.4 1.57 9.1 W 12 51 March 33.7 2.28 7.4 W 12 61 April 46.0 3.12 2.0 W 12 70 May 57.4 3.36 Trace W 10 59 June 67.1 3.73 0.0 W 9 67 July 71.2 3.09 0.0 W 9 60 August 69.2 3.33 0.0 W 8 62 September 61.7 3.27 Trace S 9 47 October 50.6 2.62 0.3 SW 10 58 November 38.1 2.56 3.6 SW 12 53 December 27.2 2.11 11.3 SW 12 54 Total --- 32.82 46.9 --- --- --- Note: Temperature and precipitation data is an aggregate of data from Ionia, Clinton, Shiawassee, Barry, Eaton, Ingham, Calhoun, Jackson, St. Joseph, Branch, and Hillsdale Counties from 1931-2000. The snowfall data is an average of the 30-year means for stations in Lansing and Jackson. The wind data is from a station in Lansing from 1930-1996. * - Includes snowfall. ** - As a general rule, divide the snowfall amount by ten to convert to equivalent inches of rainfall. Source: NOAA, no date; NCDC, 1998; NCDC, 2002. Soil Associations The ten soil associations present in the watershed include: • Urban land/Marlette/Capac • Marlette/Capac/Owosso • Oshtema/Houghton/Riddle s • Marlette/Oshtemo/Capac • Marlette/Capac/Parkhill • Boyer/Marlette/Houghton • Houghton/Gilford/Adrian • Miami/Conover/Brookston • Boyer/Wasepi/Spinks • Carlisle/Gilford/Tawas Geology and Soils Michigan has been subjected to four glacial periods: Wisconsian, Illinoian, Nebraskan, and Kansian. The last of these continental glaciers, the Wisconsian, existed approximately 11,000 years ago and is responsible for much of the development of Michigan’s underlying geology, soils, topography, and the Great Lakes. In the Looking Glass Watershed the predominant underlying geology is primarily: • Glacial till – poorly sorted and poorly rounded material ranging in size from pebbles to boulders • Glacial outwash – finer material deposited by glacial melt water • Lacustrian material – fine materials deposited in still or ponded glacial meltwater • Alluvian material – recently deposited material from local rivers and streams Each of these deposited materials, along with organic material, are the parent materials of the soils present in the watershed. These soils are predominantly sandy, loamy, sandy loams, clay loams or muck soils and are Section 2: Watershed Characteristics 2-9
Page 2 and 3: GLRC on Phase II Looking Glass Rive
Page 4 and 5: P:\1666001\09 Looking Glass WMP\WMP
Page 6 and 7: Table of Contents Organization of t
Page 8 and 9: SECTION 10 - Plan Sustainability In
Page 10 and 11: FIGURES Figure 1-1 Watershed Locati
Page 12 and 13: Organization of the Plan This plan
Page 14 and 15: 9. Evaluation and Revision Section
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Page 18 and 19: The goals and objectives were then
Page 20 and 21: Looking Glass Watershed The Looking
Page 22 and 23: • methods for evaluation of progr
Page 24 and 25: References Center for Watershed Pro
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Page 34 and 35: commonly classified as hydrologic s
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Page 38 and 39: Significant Natural Features to be
Page 40 and 41: References Centers for Disease Cont
Page 42 and 43: 3. Water Quality Conditions People
Page 44 and 45: sanitary sewer treatment system has
Page 46 and 47: Section 3: Water Quality Conditions
Page 48 and 49: Data Analysis Tetra Tech summarized
Page 54 and 55: Table 3-4 explains the problems fou
Page 56 and 57: Vermillion Creek Assessment Vermill
Page 58 and 59: Volunteers identify the species bas
Page 60 and 61: Watershed Fish Consumption The Mich
Page 62 and 63: The coldwater fishery use does not
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Page 66 and 67: Interpretation of Watershed Conditi
Page 68 and 69: 4. Community Outreach A watershed p
Page 70 and 71: Public Comment on Draft Plan A draf
Page 72 and 73: Public Education Plan Public educat
Page 74 and 75: determining goals and desires for t
Page 76 and 77: Table 5-1 Status of Designated Uses
Page 78 and 79: Sources The main sources of sedimen
Page 80 and 81: the time for the specified month. (
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Altered Hydrology Stream flows vary
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day as it is at a USGS gauging stat
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Figure 5-2 R-B Index at Eagle (USGS
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It should also be noted that the su
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Detergents are becoming a serious t
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Physical Pollutants Physical pollut
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Oil and grease are often referred t
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Table 5-14 Pesticide: Sources and C
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Introduction 6. Goals and Objective
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equirements, some objectives go bey
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Goal 3: Encourage Water Quality Fri
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general health of wetlands, primary
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References DAS Manufacturing. “Cu
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Several programs are available loca
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Better Site Design Better site desi
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Non-Storm Water Discharges Non-stor
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producers to meet personal objectiv
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Michigan Turfgrass Environmental St
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8. Action Plan Source: Basetree, 20
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Table 8-1 Benefits of Goals No Goal
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9. Evaluation Mechanisms “Not eve
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Evaluation Mechanisms Level One - A
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Program Implementation Program impl
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The MDEQ/MDNR have conducted analyt
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Assessing the evaluation mechanisms
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Goal 3: Encourage Water Quality Fri
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Goal 6: Protect and Increase Wetlan
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Evaluation Action Plan At the end o
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Evaluation Mechanisms Municipal Sta
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The committee defined appropriate w
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“It is the purpose of this Memora
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each other about how to protect and
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A-2 Looking Glass River Watershed A
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B-2 Looking Glass River Watershed A
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C-2 Looking Glass River Watershed A
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D-2 Looking Glass River Watershed A
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Appendix E Road Stream Surveys Appe
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Appendix F Vermillion Creek Corresp
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