Introduction to the Apache Web Server - ApacheCon

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• htdocs • icons Show the students these variables in the pre-install configuration file, and demonstrate to them how these variables are filled in after the fact. Demonstrate this with several different arguments for the various directories, or with a –with-layout= flag. – --sysconfdir=DIR – ”It’s working” page This page is available in 20 or 30 languages. You should get the correct one, based on your browser preferences. You might want to demonstrate this as a preview of the content negotiation chapter. – Manual – --manualdir=DIR Specifying the –manualdir flag will cause the entire user manual to be placed elsewhere, and an Alias to be inserted in the configuration file pointing to that location – Icons used in auto directory listings – --iconsdir=DIR The manual and the icons are the only directories of content that are generally installed by default. icons is always installed outside of the document directory, but the manual is usually installed inside the document directory. There was an attempt to change this, several versions ago, and move the manual outside of the document directory by default. For some reason, this confused people, and it was made an option, with the default being inside the document directory. Thus, the --manualdir flag is fairly new. • logs • src – Initially empty – Source code for Apache server – Subdirs for a variety of things - main, modules, helper apps, etc It would be useful at this point to demonstrate modifying a source code file, and rebuilding Apache with the change. The recommended example follows: Apache 1.3 src/include/httpd.h, line 429 (in version 1.3.27, anyways) Modify the name of the product (SERVER BASEPRODUCT) to be something else, like ”Harry’s Happy HTTPd”, then rebuild. Demonstrate what a HEAD request returns now. Note that this is just a gimmic, not a security measure. See http://httpd.apache.org/docs/misc/FAQ.html#serverheader for more discussion on this matter. 2.4 Contents of distribution file, 2.0 Mostly the same, somewhat different layout. Root-level directories: 8
• build • docs • include • modules • os • server • srclib • support • test docs contains several subdirs that used to be elsewhere: • cgi-examples • conf • docroot • error (Error documents) • icons • man • manual These were placed in a docs/ folder primarily so that the documentation team could have one cvs checkout on which to work. In other words, it got moved because I complained. It’s nice to have a little influence sometimes! ;-) The cgi examples and the default configuration are, technically, considered to be the realm of the documentation team, because they are about best practices. 2.5 Running configure The configure script, located in the root directory of the Apache distribution, configures your Apache compilation. 9
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Page 20 and 21: This is a good point to encourage d
Page 24 and 25: ./configure --help ./configure --pr
Page 26 and 27: 2.6 apxs apxs is a Perl utility for
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Page 30 and 31: • Some modules, like mod php, don
Page 32 and 33: • help apachectl symlink You may
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Page 37 and 38: directory - Can be used in a secti
Page 39 and 40: httpd -DUSESSL Then you could add a
Page 41 and 42: Section 5 .htaccess files 5.1 Confi
Page 43: 5.3 Exercise Create .htaccess file
Page 46 and 47: ServerName www.foo.com DocumentRoot
Page 48 and 49: 3. Verify that they are serving con
Page 51 and 52: Section 7 MIME http://httpd.apache.
Page 53 and 54: AddType application/x-tar tgz Note
Page 55 and 56: 7.4.3 mod gzip More will be said ab
Page 57 and 58: Section 8 URL Mapping http://httpd.
Page 59 and 60: Equivalent to ... Alias /cgi-bin/ /
Page 61 and 62: Then /cgi-bin/404.cgi will look lik
Page 63 and 64: ----------------------------- The
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10.3 IndexOptions The arguments to
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10.4 Additional directives In addit
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Section 11 Performance Tuning http:
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11.5 Tuning configuration settings
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11.5.6 mod mmap static Map static f
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- JSP - etc, etc, etc • Each addr
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#!/usr/bin/perl use CGI; my $cgi =
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Section 13 SSI http://httpd.apache.
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SSIStartTag "" 13.4 SSI directives
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Most commonly, include is used to i
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SetHandler Much like the AddHandler
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advertising a page that has moved,
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AddHandler type-map .var 14.1.3 Cus
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AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/
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15.4 Configuration 15.4.1 PerlRequi
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Wow. 15.6.2 Apache::Registry If you
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15.8.2 Installing the example mod p
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package Acme::Apache::Werewolf; use
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• "GET / HTTP/1.0" Request - Meth
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16.4 Exercises 1. Construct a log f
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• Precisely how many visitors •
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16.9.2 rotatelogs CustomLog "|/usr/
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• Set configuration to use this f
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• mod auth nds (Netware Directory
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110
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• etc • Also, names like ’ema
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19.2 File permissions The overridin
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19.2.6 public html If users have we
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19.3.3 ServerSignature Automaticall
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* Don’t put important things in t
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19.10 mod security http://www.modse
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20.3 Certificates • Generate a ke
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130
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21.1.2 Apache 2.0 modules: [access
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21.6 mod auth Name mod auth On by d
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21.13 mod cgi Name mod cgi On by de
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21.21 mod include Name mod include
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Mapping files into memory to improv
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21.35 mod status Name mod status On
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To enable DAV in a particular direc
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23.2 Proxying The proxy part lets y
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