Introduction to the Apache Web Server - ApacheCon

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./configure --help ./configure --prefix=/home/httpd --show-layout ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --enable-module=most --enable-shared=max ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --enable-module=speling ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --enable-module=speling --enable-shared=speling You need to run each of the above commands on the big screen, and explain to the students what each of these commands do. Of particular importance are the lines relating to shared objects, as this will come up repeatedly later. When you are done with this section, you really should end up with an Apache installation where everything is a so. We will later build a module with apxs, and swap out the so, to show how easy this is. You should also demonstrate the config.layout file, and building Apache with a different layout. This should be demonstrated with the --show-layout flag, rather than doing an actual install. You will find that installing everything in /usr/local/apache, as the default setting, will give you less to clean up afterwards, and make it easy for everyone to find things that they need to find during the class. It is important for everyone to have files in the same place, in order for your examples not to confuse the folks who put it somewhere else. 2.5.1 Building with mod perl gunzip mod_perl-1.xx.tar.gz tar -vxf mod_perl-1.xx.tar cd mod_perl-1.xx perl Makefile.PL APACHE_SRC=../apache_1.3.20/src DO_HTTPD=1 USE_APACI=1 EVERYTHING=1 make make install 2.5.2 Other, more complex installs README.configure is a wonderful resource for installing strange and wonderful combinations of modules. And any 3rd party modules should have detailed instructions for building them. You should read README.configure at least once through, to see the sorts of things that are mentioned in there. Going through one of the example installs in there, particularly one for module(s) that you’re not familiar with, can be a very educational experience. 10
2.5.3 Apache ToolBox http://www.ApacheToolBox.com/ • Automates build process for any combination of modules. • Downloads libraries, modules, other stuff, that you don’t already have installed • Has to be updated for each new rev of Apache, so can be behind a little Apache Tool Box is a shell script which automates the process of downloading and building packages. It is useful in that it prevents you from making silly typing errors, and in that it knows how to install modules with strange requirements. Also, it will download any prerequisites that you don’t have, and verify the signatures on those files. This makes (usually) for a very easy installation. Unfortunately, ApacheToolbox is only available for 1.3, Fortunately, installing additional modules on 2.0 tends to be easier and less prone to problems. Note! When we reinstall from Apache ToolBox, make sure that you remove/move/backup your configuration file, as make install will not overwrite your configuration file. 2.5.4 2.0 ./configure --help The 2.0 configure processes uses GNU autoconf, rather than the home-rolled thing that 1.3 used. So the configure process will look much more familiar to people used to building Unix software. For the purposes of this class, you should built Apache 2.0 with: ./configure --with-mpm=worker --enable-ssl We are going to add other modules as we go along. Hopefully you will become very familiar with apxs. • Change User and Group directives to be valid • Start it up 11
Page 1: Introduction to the Apache Web Serv
Page 4 and 5: 3.1 Apache process architecture . .
Page 6 and 7: 8.3 Alias . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Page 8 and 9: 13 SSI 75 13.1 Configuration for SS
Page 10 and 11: 16.5 Typical errors . . . . . . . .
Page 12 and 13: 19.8 Modules . . . . . . . . . . .
Page 14 and 15: 23.1 Caching . . . . . . . . . . .
Page 16 and 17: He wrote the CERN web server, and t
Page 18 and 19: • provide a foundation for open,
Page 20 and 21: This is a good point to encourage d
Page 22 and 23: • htdocs • icons Show the stude
Page 26 and 27: 2.6 apxs apxs is a Perl utility for
Page 28 and 29: The “correct” value for these d
Page 30 and 31: • Some modules, like mod php, don
Page 32 and 33: • help apachectl symlink You may
Page 35 and 36: Section 4 Configuration files http:
Page 37 and 38: directory - Can be used in a secti
Page 39 and 40: httpd -DUSESSL Then you could add a
Page 41 and 42: Section 5 .htaccess files 5.1 Confi
Page 43: 5.3 Exercise Create .htaccess file
Page 46 and 47: ServerName www.foo.com DocumentRoot
Page 48 and 49: 3. Verify that they are serving con
Page 51 and 52: Section 7 MIME http://httpd.apache.
Page 53 and 54: AddType application/x-tar tgz Note
Page 55 and 56: 7.4.3 mod gzip More will be said ab
Page 57 and 58: Section 8 URL Mapping http://httpd.
Page 59 and 60: Equivalent to ... Alias /cgi-bin/ /
Page 61 and 62: Then /cgi-bin/404.cgi will look lik
Page 63 and 64: ----------------------------- The
Page 65: UserDir disabled UserDir enabled rb
Page 68 and 69: 9.2 Negotiation Methods 9.2.1 Multi
Page 70 and 71: Note, however, that CacheNegotiated
Page 72 and 73: 10.3 IndexOptions The arguments to
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10.4 Additional directives In addit
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Section 11 Performance Tuning http:
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11.5 Tuning configuration settings
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11.5.6 mod mmap static Map static f
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- JSP - etc, etc, etc • Each addr
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#!/usr/bin/perl use CGI; my $cgi =
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Section 13 SSI http://httpd.apache.
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SSIStartTag "" 13.4 SSI directives
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Most commonly, include is used to i
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SetHandler Much like the AddHandler
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advertising a page that has moved,
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AddHandler type-map .var 14.1.3 Cus
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AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/
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15.4 Configuration 15.4.1 PerlRequi
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Wow. 15.6.2 Apache::Registry If you
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15.8.2 Installing the example mod p
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package Acme::Apache::Werewolf; use
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• "GET / HTTP/1.0" Request - Meth
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16.4 Exercises 1. Construct a log f
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• Precisely how many visitors •
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16.9.2 rotatelogs CustomLog "|/usr/
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• Set configuration to use this f
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• mod auth nds (Netware Directory
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110
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• etc • Also, names like ’ema
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114
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19.2 File permissions The overridin
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19.2.6 public html If users have we
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19.3.3 ServerSignature Automaticall
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* Don’t put important things in t
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19.10 mod security http://www.modse
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126
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20.3 Certificates • Generate a ke
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130
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21.1.2 Apache 2.0 modules: [access
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21.6 mod auth Name mod auth On by d
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21.13 mod cgi Name mod cgi On by de
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21.21 mod include Name mod include
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Mapping files into memory to improv
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21.35 mod status Name mod status On
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To enable DAV in a particular direc
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23.2 Proxying The proxy part lets y
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