Introduction to the Apache Web Server - ApacheCon

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• help apachectl symlink You may want to: cd /usr/local/bin ln -sf /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl ./ so that apachectl is in your path. This will make life easier throughout the rest of the course. 3.3 httpd 3.3.1 start /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -f /path/to/other/config.file /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -DSSL -DOtherVar 3.3.2 stop cat /usr/local/apache/logs/httpd.pid | xargs kill killall -9 httpd rm -f /usr/local/apache/logs/httpd.pid • httpd.pid contains the PID (process ID) of the parent Apache process • Each child runs as a separate process • If you kill children first, parent relaunches them 18
3.3.3 Other options # /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -h Usage: /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd [-D name] [-d directory] [-f file] [-C "directive"] [-c "directive"] [-v] [-V] [-h] [-l] [-L] [-S] [-t] [-T] Options: -D name : define a name for use in directives -d directory : specify an alternate initial ServerRoot -f file : specify an alternate ServerConfigFile -C "directive" : process directive before reading config files -c "directive" : process directive after reading config files -v : show version number -V : show compile settings -h : list available command line options (this page) -l : list compiled-in modules -L : list available configuration directives -t -D DUMP_VHOSTS: show parsed settings (currently only vhost settings) -t : run syntax check for config files (with docroot check) -T : run syntax check for config files (without docroot check) Have the students run this command, and experiment with various of the command line options. Encouraging the students to experiment tends to be very hard work, but it is richly rewarding for them later. 3.4 Starting at boot Various systems will have different ways of doing this. Most Unixes have scripts in /etc/rc.d which run on system startup. Somewhere in here, you will want to put ... /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl start .. in one of those startup scripts, like, perhaps, rc.local or rc.httpd Note that some Unixes, like Solaris and RedHat Linux, for example, have a more developed concept of run levels, and you have to work within that framework if you want different things to happen at different run levels. Also, many Linux’es have rather advanced ideas of what a startup script should or should not do. This can cause confusion in later tech support questions, but knowing how the underlying system works tends to simplify these questions. 19
Page 1: Introduction to the Apache Web Serv
Page 4 and 5: 3.1 Apache process architecture . .
Page 6 and 7: 8.3 Alias . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Page 8 and 9: 13 SSI 75 13.1 Configuration for SS
Page 10 and 11: 16.5 Typical errors . . . . . . . .
Page 12 and 13: 19.8 Modules . . . . . . . . . . .
Page 14 and 15: 23.1 Caching . . . . . . . . . . .
Page 16 and 17: He wrote the CERN web server, and t
Page 18 and 19: • provide a foundation for open,
Page 20 and 21: This is a good point to encourage d
Page 22 and 23: • htdocs • icons Show the stude
Page 24 and 25: ./configure --help ./configure --pr
Page 26 and 27: 2.6 apxs apxs is a Perl utility for
Page 28 and 29: The “correct” value for these d
Page 30 and 31: • Some modules, like mod php, don
Page 35 and 36: Section 4 Configuration files http:
Page 37 and 38: directory - Can be used in a secti
Page 39 and 40: httpd -DUSESSL Then you could add a
Page 41 and 42: Section 5 .htaccess files 5.1 Confi
Page 43: 5.3 Exercise Create .htaccess file
Page 46 and 47: ServerName www.foo.com DocumentRoot
Page 48 and 49: 3. Verify that they are serving con
Page 51 and 52: Section 7 MIME http://httpd.apache.
Page 53 and 54: AddType application/x-tar tgz Note
Page 55 and 56: 7.4.3 mod gzip More will be said ab
Page 57 and 58: Section 8 URL Mapping http://httpd.
Page 59 and 60: Equivalent to ... Alias /cgi-bin/ /
Page 61 and 62: Then /cgi-bin/404.cgi will look lik
Page 63 and 64: ----------------------------- The
Page 65: UserDir disabled UserDir enabled rb
Page 68 and 69: 9.2 Negotiation Methods 9.2.1 Multi
Page 70 and 71: Note, however, that CacheNegotiated
Page 72 and 73: 10.3 IndexOptions The arguments to
Page 74 and 75: 10.4 Additional directives In addit
Page 77 and 78: Section 11 Performance Tuning http:
Page 79 and 80: 11.5 Tuning configuration settings
Page 81: 11.5.6 mod mmap static Map static f
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- JSP - etc, etc, etc • Each addr
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#!/usr/bin/perl use CGI; my $cgi =
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Section 13 SSI http://httpd.apache.
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SSIStartTag "" 13.4 SSI directives
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Most commonly, include is used to i
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SetHandler Much like the AddHandler
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advertising a page that has moved,
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AddHandler type-map .var 14.1.3 Cus
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AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/
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15.4 Configuration 15.4.1 PerlRequi
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Wow. 15.6.2 Apache::Registry If you
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15.8.2 Installing the example mod p
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package Acme::Apache::Werewolf; use
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• "GET / HTTP/1.0" Request - Meth
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16.4 Exercises 1. Construct a log f
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• Precisely how many visitors •
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16.9.2 rotatelogs CustomLog "|/usr/
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• Set configuration to use this f
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• mod auth nds (Netware Directory
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110
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• etc • Also, names like ’ema
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114
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19.2 File permissions The overridin
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19.2.6 public html If users have we
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19.3.3 ServerSignature Automaticall
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* Don’t put important things in t
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19.10 mod security http://www.modse
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126
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20.3 Certificates • Generate a ke
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130
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21.1.2 Apache 2.0 modules: [access
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21.6 mod auth Name mod auth On by d
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21.13 mod cgi Name mod cgi On by de
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21.21 mod include Name mod include
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Mapping files into memory to improv
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21.35 mod status Name mod status On
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To enable DAV in a particular direc
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23.2 Proxying The proxy part lets y
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