Lunenburg Part 2 - Section 5 - Social Vulnerability - August 30.pdf

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Employment Insurance benefits even though they pay into it. 68 A weak social safety net and emphasis on individualism is harmful not only for those persons reliant on social services, but for the population as a whole, due to reduced social cohesion and communal action – both important factors in weathering the impacts of an extreme weather event. 69 Children & Seniors Census Canada Statistics: Children: population aged 19 and under. Seniors: population aged 65 and over. These two demographic groups are among the most affected by disasters. 70 Both groups may have limited capacity to respond in an emergency situation. The very young tend to experience the greatest impacts in the response and recovery phases of a disaster: disruptions to normal life have a significant psychological and physical impact of children. 71 Seniors may be affected by medical conditions associated with advanced age, such as reduced mobility, sensory impairment, or confusion. These conditions may make it difficult or impossible for an individual to receive, understand, and respond to warnings. 72 Seniors often have limited financial means to help them manage the costs of preparing for or recovering from a natural hazard. 73 The elderly also tend to be more reluctant to evacuate their homes, and experience more distress at the idea of living in a group setting, even on a temporary basis. 74 Members of both of these demographic groups are more likely to require assistance, placing additional demands on able-bodied adults, and limiting their ability to contribute to preventative measures, evacuation procedures, or post-event recovery efforts. 75 Although these groups are included in the index for similar reasons, they are each considered as separate indicators. Seniors Living Alone Census Canada Statistic: Number of persons not in census families aged 65 years and over, living alone. Statistics Canada Definition: (Persons over 65 in census families are by definition not living alone. Census family “Refers to a married couple (with or without children of either or both spouses), a couple living common-law (with or without children of either or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling.”) 76 Seniors who live alone are exposed to a combination of factors that increase their level of risk to natural hazards. In addition to those limitations that elderly persons may experience regardless of their living situation, those living alone do not have the most immediate support network in a disaster – the household. They may have less access to information about evacuations or shelters, and struggle to manage all financial repercussions on their own. 77 Seniors who live 68 Ibid., p. 35. 69 Ibid., p. 36. 70 Cutter et al., 2003. p. 251. 71 Cutter et al., 2009. p. 21; Tapsell et al., 2010. p. 16. 72 Tapsell et al., 2010. p. 16; Dwyer et al., 2004. p. 21. 73 Wall and Marzall, 2006. p. 382; Dwyer et al., 2004. p. 21. 74 Cutter et al., 2009. p. 21–22.. 75 Wall and Marzall, 2006. p. 382; Tapsell et al., 2010. p. 17. 76 Statistics Canada, 2009b. 77 Andrey and Jones, 2008. p. 151. 16
alone are particularly vulnerable if injured at home during an extreme weather event, or if they lack emergency supplies or a heat source in cold climates. 78 Lone Parents Census Canada Statistic: Total lone-parent families. Lone parent households are commonly included in indices of social vulnerability. 79 These households are at greater risk in a natural hazard because lone parents bear sole responsibility for their household, and do not have access to the support network that a household of more than one adult provides. 80 Single parents may be too busy caring for their children to engage effectively in preparation, evacuation, or recovery; and reliance on a single income or social assistance may limit their financial means. 81 These experiences hold true for single parents in Canada, where single mothers have the highest poverty rates of any population subgroup, and the lack of universal childcare restricts single parents’ ability to participate in other activities. 82 No Secondary Education Census Canada Statistic: Total population 15 years and over with no certificate, diploma or degree. Certificates, diplomas and degrees include secondary school graduation, registered apprenticeship and trades, college, and university. 83 Low levels of education contribute to social vulnerability both directly and indirectly. People with limited literacy may be unable to understand warnings about anticipated weather events, or instructions regarding protective measures, evacuation procedures, or recovery assistance. Education may facilitate a scientific understanding of the complex nature of natural hazards, and of advanced warnings in the form of forecast data. 84 More generally, education can foster the ability to plan for future situations, such as climate change impacts. 85 However, researchers also note that indigenous knowledge and informal education may be equally useful as formal education in understanding and anticipating extreme weather events. 86 Low education is also associated with poverty and marginalization. Because people with low socio-economic status are less likely to have a political voice, governments may overlook their welfare. 87 Education is among the Canadian social determinants of health, and is highly correlated with other determinants, such as income, employment security and working conditions. 88 Education provides better access to social and economic resources, as well as increasing understanding of 78 Dwyer et al., 2004, p. 24. 79 Tapsell et al., 2010, p. 29 80 Dwyer et al., 2004, p. 24. 81 Cutter et al., 2003, p. 248; Andrey and Jones, 2008. p.151; Tapsell et al., 2010. p.17. 82 Enarson and Walsh, 2007, p. 46. 83 Statistics Canada, 2010. 84 Adger et al., 2004. p, 75. 85 Wall and Marzall, 2006. p. 382. 86 Adger et al., 2004. p. 60. 87 Ibid. 88 Mikkonen and Raphael, 2010. p. 15; Public Health Agency of Canada, 2003. 17
Page 1 and 2: Atlantic Climate Adaptation Solutio
Page 3 and 4: And, thank you to the many resident
Page 5 and 6: The District’s extensive and irre
Page 7 and 8: OAKLAND 61 PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION FE
Page 9 and 10: Introduction Social vulnerability r
Page 11 and 12: and over time. This creates a justi
Page 13 and 14: also emphasize the need for detaile
Page 15 and 16: Data Interpretation: Analysis For e
Page 17 and 18: maps of equal or superior quality t
Page 19 and 20: person’s employment improves and
Page 21 and 22: as providing valid information. She
Page 23: communication and collective action
Page 27 and 28: marginalization, limiting their acc
Page 29 and 30: disability in the event of a natura
Page 31 and 32: The prevalence of low income is a p
Page 33 and 34: Field Observations Travelling throu
Page 35 and 36: Average results for Nova Scotia are
Page 37 and 38: Next, the results from Table 3 are
Page 39 and 40: Figure 4. Social Vulnerability in t
Page 41 and 42: Seniors are more likely than other
Page 43 and 44: Figure 5. Storm Surge Scenarios in
Page 45 and 46: The Petite Riviere Bridge Several b
Page 47 and 48: This may reflect the Very High prop
Page 49 and 50: Table 7. Areas Requiring Attention
Page 51 and 52: Table 9. Areas Requiring Attention
Page 53 and 54: The area’s relatively high popula
Page 55 and 56: A High proportion of residents are
Page 57 and 58: An Average level of residents are s
Page 59 and 60: pharmacies, for medical services. I
Page 61 and 62: Figure 7: Storm Surge Scenarios wit
Page 63 and 64: The Plan also addresses the need fo
Page 65 and 66: A related ICSP strategic goal is to
Page 67 and 68: While the Economic Development Stra
Page 69 and 70: Oakland The Oakland Secondary Plann
Page 71 and 72: to maintain existing conditions and
Page 73 and 74: patterns and potential dangers (“
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new residents, seasonal residents,
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vulnerabilities for individuals wit
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Two coastal dissemination areas hav
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about this program and use their kn
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Groome, P. (2010). Census Changes H
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Appendix A: Annotated Bibliography
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and analyzed using a Decision Tree
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Dolan, A.H., and I.J. Walker. “Un
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in health care or mitigating socioe
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Appendix B: Table of Indicators and
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No Secondary Education Adger et al.
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Appendix C: Maps of Profile by Indi
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Government Transfer Payments This s
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Children The District has a Below A
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Seniors Living Alone The District h
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No Secondary Education Social vulne
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dissemination areas where no reside
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Visible Minorities The District of
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Appendix D: Radar Diagrams for each
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105
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DA 82 DA 83 Aboriginal Identity Vis
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DA 123 DA 124 Aboriginal Identity V
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DA 160 DA 161 Aboriginal Identity V
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Mahone Bay Food Bank Hospital, Long
Page 123:
South Shore Big Brothers Big Sister
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Lunenburg Part 2 - Section 5 - Social Vulnerability - August 30.pdf

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