Allegheny River Headwaters Watershed Conservation Plan

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Allegheny River Headwaters Conservation Plan Chapter 5. Cultural Resources The Students Testing Aquatic Resources Together (START) Program is an environmental education program in which UAWA works with local school districts to get students out of the regular classroom and into streams to collect biological and chemical information. Environmental Education Facilities There are three facilities within the watershed that provide environmental education opportunities. Oswayo Fish Hatchery, located near Oswayo in northwestern Potter County, features a raceway, earthen pond, and hatchery building with indoor early rearing, egg incubator units, and visitor’s center. Displays within the visitor’s center are non-interactive and static; however, potential to expand the visitor’s center into an education center with interactive displays and educational interpretation does exist. Old Red Schoolhouse and Wildlife Center owned and operated by world renowned Bwana Jim from the Bwana Jim Wildlife Show The Saulter Watershed Preserve is a 57-acre mixed pine and hardwood forest with an educational center, one-mile interpretive nature trail, pavilion, and restrooms. It is located near Colesburg in Potter County. ` Old Red Schoolhouse and Wildlife Center is located near Shinglehouse, within the old Sharon Center School. Numerous exotic animals find refuge at the center after their previous owners could no longer care for them. The center is open for scout groups, schools, summer recreation groups, and safari themed birthday parties. The center is owned and operated by Jim and Linda Moulton as an educational center and wildlife sanctuary. Jim Moulton is also known as Bwana Jim as the Moulton’s perform the Bwana Jim Wildlife Show around the world educating people about animals. Historical Resources Historical Overview Settlement Prior to 1784, the vast wilderness of the project area was occupied by Native Americans. Members of the Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Cayuga, and Seneca nations joined forces during the 16 th century. The Tuscarora nation joined them in the 18 th century, forming the Iroquois League known as the Six Nations. In 1784, a famous Seneca war chief called Cornplanter and Captain Aaron Hill, a subordinate chief of the Mohawk nation, signed the Treaty of Fort Stanwix as representatives of the Six Nations, transferring ownership of the Ohio lands to Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. The Ohio lands include the area north of the former purchase line in Indiana County, Pa (granted in the 1768 Treaty of Fort Stanwix) to the northern Pennsylvania border. However, many tribes, including a tribe of Seneca living along the Allegheny River valley, did not honor this treaty believing that Cornplanter and Hill did not have authorization to concede land. Members became hostile to any European settlers who tried to take up residence. 5-11
Allegheny River Headwaters Conservation Plan Chapter 5. Cultural Resources In 1794, the Six Nations gave up their claim to the Ohio region when they signed the Treaty of Canandaigua. This treaty provided the Seneca nation aboriginal lands in Cattaraugus County in southwestern New York, where they established the “Allegany Indian Reservation” along the Allegheny River north of Bradford, Pa. European settlement in the region was slowed, not only by the resistance among Native Americans, but also by contradicting land titles. Early land titles in some areas were issued for the same property to different owners causing confusion and frustration among settlers, ultimately deterring settlement in the project area. In 1798, Francis King came to Ceres Township—which at one time covered the entire McKean County territory—to survey the Keating Lands, ultimately becoming the first settler to reside within the project area. Along his journey, he and his men camped at the confluence of Allegheny Portage Creek and the Allegheny River, where they made dugout canoes to continue down the Allegheny River. The location of their camp was given the name, “Canoe Place,” which eventually became Port Allegany. Historical marker in Port Allegany, PA Settlement in Port Allegany began in 1815, when Samuel Stanton purchased a track of land from the Keating Lands, which he visited the next year. During his visit to his new property, Mr. Stanton erected a cabin before returning to Williamsport for his family. Unfortunately, Mr. Stanton died on the return trip to his new homestead. As a result, Mr. Stanton’s son-in-laws, Lordwick Lillibridge and Stanton Steele, and their families became Port Allegany’s first settlers. They established the village, which they called Keating, in 1826. In 1838, the name was changed to Port Allegheny. The spelling of the town’s name was changed to Port Allegany in 1840. During its early days, Port Allegany prospered as a small lumbering town, containing several businesses that supported the lumber industry, such as toothpick and butter dish manufacturing. The town’s location at the confluence of Allegheny Portage Creek and the Allegheny River made it a significant center of activity, especially during the railroad era. Up the Allegheny River from Port Allegany, located in Potter County, is the small village of Roulette. In 1831, a colony of Germans settled in the region, calling it Streetertown, named for the number of streets in the village. The name Dutchtown was later adapted, honoring the German settlers who lived there. Finally, it was renamed Roulette after John Roulette, who was a partner of John Keating. The area remained fairly undeveloped until the railroad came in 1883. With access to the railroad, numerous houses and businesses were established in the region, including a large sash and blind factory and a steam mill. However, the village never formally organized as a borough, and it remains an unincorporated village in Roulette Township. Further upstream, the town of Coudersport formed where Obadiah Sartwell, Potter County’s first settler and blacksmith, settled. He later moved to the mouth of Sartwell Creek—named after him—near Burtville, west of Roulette Township. Growth within Coudersport was slow until the 1880s and the establishment of the railroad. The railroad brought about a population boom and attracted manufacturing jobs, such as the glass plant, hub factory, condensed milk company, and clothespin factory. The population grew from 677 residents in 1880 to 3,200 residents in 1900. 5-12
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Allegheny River Headwaters Watershed Conservation Plan

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