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uation of Parent-Mutant Competition," Journal for Theoretical
Biology, Vol. 40 (1973), pp. 429-39.
7. See, for the present state of this work, M . . EIGEN and P. ScHus­
TER, The Hypercycle (Berlin: Springer Verlag, 1979).
8. R. MAY in Science, Vol. 186 (1974), pp. 645-47; see also R. MAY,
"Simple Mathematical Models with very Complicated Dynamics,"
Nature, Vol. 261 (1976), pp. 459-67.
9. M. P. HASSELL, The Dynamics in Arthropod Predator-Prey Systems
(Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1978).
10. B. HEINRICH, ·rtful Diners," Natural History, Vol. 89, No. 6
(1980), pp. 42-5 1, esp. quote, p. 42.
11. M. LovE, "The Alien Strategy," Natural History, Vol. 89, No. 5
(1980), pp. 30-32.
12. J. L. DENEUBOURG and P. M. ALLEN, "Modeles theoriques de
Ia division du travail des les societes d'insectes," Academie
Royale de Belgique, Bulletin de Ia Classe des Sciences, Tome
LXII (1976), pp. 416-29; P. M. ALLEN, "Evolution in an Ecosystem
with Limited Resources," op. cit., pp. 408-15.
13. E. W. MoNTROLL, "Social Dynamics and the Quantifying of Social
Forces," Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Vol. 75, No. 10 (1978), pp. 4633-37.
14. P. M. ALLEN and M. SANGLIER, "Dynamic Model of Urban
Growth," Journal for Social and Biological Structures, Vol. 1
(1978), pp. 265-80, and "Urban Evolution, Self-Organization
and Decision-making," Environment and Planning A, Vol. 13
(1981), pp. 167-83.
15. C. H. WADDINGTON, To ols for Thought, (St. Albans, Eng.: Pal·
adin, 1976), p. 228.
16. S. J. GouLD, Ontogeny and Phylogeny, op. cit. Belknap Press
Harvard University Press, 1977.
17. C. L:Evi-STRAUSS, "Methodes et enseignement," Anthropologie
structurale (Paris: Pion), pp. 311-17.
18. See, for instance, C. E. RusSET, The Concept of Equilibrium in
American Social Thought (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University
Press, 1966).
19. S. J. GouLD, "The Belt of an Asteroid," Natural History, Vol.
89, No. 1 (1980), pp. 26-33.
Chapter 7
1. A.N. WHITEHEAD, Science and the Modern World, p. 186.
2. The Philosophy of Rudolf Carnap, ed. P.A. ScHILP.P (Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press, 1963).