Proceedings of the Workshop - United Nations Office for Outer ...

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210 MAINTAINING THE SPACE ENVIRONMENT(f) To give special attention, when promoting theseactivities, to the needs o f developing countries.Article 5: C om patib ilityAgreementswith OtherThe rules laid down in this Instrument shall not beconsidered incompatible with the provisions o f otherinternational agreements concerning activities in outerspace.Article 6: Responsibility and Liability(general rule)The rules laid down in this Instrument concerningresponsibility and liability apply to damage caused byspace debris in the space environment and, in theabsence o f other international agreements on thematter, to damage caused to the earth environment.Article 7: International ResponsibilityThe State or international organisation, party to thisInstrument, that launches or procures the launching ofa space object shall bear international responsibilityfor assuring that national activities are carried out inconformity with the provisions o f this Instrument, the1967 Space Treaty, and the 1972 LiabilityConvention.Article 9: Dispute Settlement1. Disputes concerning the interpretation orapplication o f this Instrument shall be subject toconsultation at the request of any of the parties to thedispute with a view to reaching a prompt and amicablesettlement.2. Failing this, if the parties to the dispute have notagreed on a means of peaceful settlement within twelvemonths of the request for consultation, the dispute shallbe referred, at the request o f any party thereto, toarbitration or adjudication. In such case, the ILA DraftConvention on the Settlement of Space Law Disputes,which is appended as an Annex to this Instrument,shall be applicable, unless a party to this Instrumenthas excluded such application, in full or in part, by adeclaration as provided in paragraph 3 o f this Article.3. Each Party to this Instrument, when signing,ratifying, accepting, approving or acceding thereto, orformally confirming its acceptance, or at any timethereafter, may declare that it chooses any of the nonbindingor binding settlement procedures envisaged inthe Annex to this Instrument, or that it excludes in partor in full the application o f the Annex.4. In these procedures it shall be possible, wheneverappropriate, to prescribe interim measures binding onthe parties in order to preserve rights or to preventserious damage to the environment, or persons orobjects. These measures shall be implemented by theparties without delay.Article 8: International LiabilityEach State or international organisation party to thisInstrument that launches or procures the launching ofa space object is internationally liable for damagearising therefrom to another State, persons or objects,or international organisation party to this Instrument asa consequence o f space debris produced by any suchobject.Article 10:Signature1. This Instrument shall be open for signature by allStates and international organisations at the UnitedNations Headquarters in New York. Any State orinternational organisation which does not sign thisInstrument before its entry into force may accede to itat any time.2. This Instrument shall be subject to ratification orformal confirmation by signatory States andinternational organisations. Instruments o f ratification,instruments o f accession and of formal confirmation
MAINTAINING THE SPACE ENVIRONMENT 211shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of theUnited Nations.3. The Secretary-General o f the United Nations shallpromptly inform all signatory and acceding States andinternational organisations of the date of eachsignature, the date of deposit of each instrument ofratification and o f accession and the date of eachformal confirmation o f the present instrument, the dateof its entry into force, and other notices.Article 11:Entry into Force1. This Instrument shall enter into force among Statesand international organisations which have depositedinstruments o f ratification or formal confirmationthirty days after the deposit of the fifth instrument withthe Secretary-General of the United Nations.2. For States and international organisations whoseinstruments of ratification or accession, or of formalconfirmation, are deposited subsequent to the entryinto force o f this Instrument, it shall enter into force onthe date o f the deposit of their instruments ofratification, accession, or formal confirmation.Article 12:AmendmentsAny party to this instrument may propose amendmentsto the Instrument. Amendments shall enter into forcefor each party to the Instrument accepting theamendment upon their acceptance by a majority o f theparties to the Instrument and thereafter, for eachremaining party to the Instrument, on the date ofacceptance by it.Article 13:ReservationsNo reservations may be made to this Instrument exceptas provided in Article 9.Article 14:Review ClauseTen years after the entry into force of this Instrumentthe question of the review o f the Instrument shall beincluded in the provisional agenda o f the UnitedNations General Assembly in order to consider, in thelight o f past application o f the Instrument, whether itrequires revision. However, at any time after theInstrument has been in force for five years, theSecretary-General of the United Nations, asdepositary, shall at the request of one third o f theparties to the Instrument and with the concurrence ofthe majority of the parties, convene a conference of theparties to review the Instrument.Article 15:WithdrawalAny party to the Instrument may give notice of itswithdrawal from the Instrument one year after its entryinto force by written notification to the Secretary-General of the United Nations. Such withdrawal willtake effect one year from the date o f receipt of thisnotification.Article 16:Authentic TextThe original of this Instrument, of which the Arabic,Chinese, English, French, Russian, and Spanish textsare equally authentic, shall be deposited with theSecretary-General o f the United Nations, who shallsend certified copies thereof to all signatory andacceding States and international organisations.In witness thereof, the undersigned, being dulyauthorised by their governments, have signed thisInstrument, opened for signature at the United NationsHeadquarters in New York, o n ...NOTE: The Annex on Dispute Settlement is appendedin conformity with Article 9,2. (the text o f this Annexis not included here, but is published in: Report o f theSixty-First Conference of the ILA in Paris 1984, p.334 seq.)
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ST/SPACE/2Office for Outer Space Af
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IntroductionThe Workshop on Space L
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CONCLUSIONS AND PROPOSALS OF THEWOR
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3between public and private law and
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8obstacles that impede ratification
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SESSION ONEExisting United Nations
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EXISTING UNITED NATIONS TREATIES: S
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EXPANDING GLOBAL LAUNCH SERVICESSES
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SESSION FOURExpanding Global Remote
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THE ROLES OF INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZA
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SESSION SIXExpanding Global Navigat
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EXPANDING GLOBAL NAVIGATION SERVICE
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Page 203 and 204: SESSION EIGHTMaintaining the Space
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Page 226 and 227: 220Session 3: Wednesday. 21 July. 1
Page 229 and 230: 223Annex IITHIRD UNITED NATIONS CON
Page 231 and 232: 225No Name Address E-Mail27. Ersfel
Page 233 and 234: 227No Name Address E-Mail57. Koloso
Page 235 and 236: 229No Name Address E-Mail86. Noack,
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