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captured in the Laboratory’s annual groundwater status report. The most recent status report covers FY 2002(Nylander et al. 2003).Highlights of the regional aquifer water chemistry from these characterization wells are as follows:• Natural groundwater ranges from calcium-sodium bicarbonate composition (Sierra de los Valles) tosodium-calcium bicarbonate composition (White Rock Canyon springs) (Longmire 2002a, b; Blake et al.1995; LANL 2001). Silica is the second most abundant solute found in surface water and groundwaterbecause of reactions between soluble silica glass in the rock and water. Trace metals, including barium,strontium, and uranium, vary within the different saturated zones (alluvial, intermediate, and regional aquifer)depending on how long the water has been in contact with the host rock (Nylander et al., 2003). Oldergroundwater within the regional aquifer tends to have higher concentrations of trace elements.• Dissolved organic carbon, in the form of humic and fulvic acids, is present in groundwater inconcentrations typically less than 3 milligrams carbon per liter. These acids occur as anions and cancomplex with calcium and magnesium. Higher concentrations of dissolved organic carbon occur in alluvialgroundwater where runoff through grasslands and forests takes place. Shortly after the Cerro Grande Fire,increased concentrations of total organic carbon were observed in surface water and alluvial groundwaterwithin Pueblo Canyon, Los Alamos Canyon, Pajarito Canyon, and other watersheds. Since 2002,concentrations of total organic carbon have decreased in surface water, but remain elevated in alluvial andperched-intermediate groundwater. Total organic carbon provides an excellent tracer for tracking movementof recent water (post Cerro Grande Fire) in the subsurface.• Groundwater impacted by LANL-derived effluent is characterized by elevated concentrations of majorions (calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, chloride, bicarbonate, nitrate, and sulfate); trace solutes (forexample, molybdenum, perchlorate, barium, boron, and uranium); high explosive compounds and othervolatile organic compounds; and radionuclides (tritium, americium-241, cesium-137, plutonium isotopes,strontium-90, and uranium isotopes) (Longmire 2002a, b, c, d; LANL 2001c).• With regard to interconnection between alluvial groundwater, intermediate saturated zones, andthe regional aquifer, contaminant source terms correlate reasonably well with chemical data for mobilesolutes collected at down gradient characterization wells (Longmire 2002a, LANL 2001c). Non-adsorbingcontaminants (perchlorate, nitrate, RDX, and TNT) are the most mobile and travel the greatest distancesalong groundwater-flow paths.Concentrations of some of thesechemicals in groundwater havebeen observed above establishedmaximum contaminant levels andrecommended health and actionlevels in wells (LANL 2001c,Broxton et al. 2002):• MCOBT-4.4:intermediate saturatedzone, nitrate, perchlorate• R-25: intermediatesaturated zone, highexplosives (RDX)• Alluvial wells: alluvialaquifer, actinides,metals, and fissionproducts (Los AlamosCanyon, Pueblo Canyon,and Mortandad Canyon)Drilling auger and crew3-30SWEIS Yearbook—2002
Cleaning the drilling residues from a regional aquifer wellPerchlorate and RDX are persistent chemicals, which are resistant to reductive breakdown to non-toxicforms in the environment.Work underway as part of the Hydrogeologic Characterization Program, and described in theHydrogeologic Workplan (Barr 2001), provided new information on the regional aquifer and details ofthe hydrogeologic conditions. By the end of 2002, six additional characterization wells were complete.The characterization wells were drilled using air rotary in the vadose zone and rotary with stiff foam orbentonite mud in the saturated zone. Casing advance with fluid assist methods, used in drilling previouscharacterization wells, was employed only when swelling clays were encountered in the boreholes. Geologiccore was collected in the upper vadose zone in each well, and geologic cuttings were collected at definedintervals during the drilling operations and described to record the stratigraphy encountered. Geophysicallogging was conducted in each well to enhance the understanding of the stratigraphy and rock characteristics.The six completed characterization wells include R-8 (Los Alamos Canyon); R-20, R-23, and R-32 (PajaritoCanyon); R-16 near the Rio Grande in White Rock; and R-13 (Mortandad Canyon). R-21 in Cañada del Bueynear TA-54 was started early in FY 2003. Table 3.8-1 summarizes details on the 19 characterization wellscompleted by the Laboratory.R-8 is located in Los Alamos Canyon near the confluence of Los Alamos Canyon and DP Canyon. Theprimary purpose of the well is to determine regional aquifer water quality down-gradient of releases in LosAlamos and DP Canyons. It also serves as a sentry well for PM-2. Significant difficulties were encounteredin drilling the R-8 bore hole, so the well was constructed in a second bore hole drilled 62 ft due east of theoriginal location. Drilling of the R-8 bore hole took place between January 9 and January 27, 2002. Wellconstruction and development were completed on February 14, 2002. Westbay sampling equipment wasinstalled between February 21 and February 24, 2002. The R-8 well is completed with two screened intervalsin the regional aquifer: one straddling the water table at a depth of 705 to 755 feet and one at a depth of 821 toSWEIS Yearbook—2002 3-31
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SWEIS Yearbook - 2002LA-UR-03-5862
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CONTENTSList of Tables . . . . . .
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2.13-1. Radiochemistry Buildings wi
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F-1. RTBF Line Item Projects . . .
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AcronymsAFCIALARAAOCBABSLCASACDCCDI
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PrefaceIn the Record of Decision fo
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Executive SummaryIn 1999, the US De
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Also, following the events of Septe
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ReferencesDepartment of Energy, 199
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AREA OF CONTRIBUTION (continued)Los
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• Summary and conclusion (Chapter
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Aerial view-North from Pajarito Roa
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Table 2.0-2. Radiological Exposure
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2-4Table 2.0-4. Low-Level Waste Gen
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2-6Table 2.0-6. TRU Waste Generatio
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2-8Table 2.0-8. Overall Solid Radio
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In addition, the Key Facilities (as
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2-12SWEIS Yearbook—2002Table 2.0-
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Table 2.0-12. Projected Constructio
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This chapter also discusses Non-Key
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SANTA FENATIONALSANTA FENATIONAL FO
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2.1 Plutonium Complex (TA-55)The Pl
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2-36SWEIS Yearbook—2002Table 2.1.
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2-42Table 2.1.2-1. Plutonium Comple
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Glovebox linesWaste transfer2.1.4 C
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TA-16 during 1999, 2000, and 2001.
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2.2.3 Operations Data for the Triti
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Tree-thinning operations on Two-Mil
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completed; work on the wing electri
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2-56Table 2.3.1-1. CMR Building Con
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Table 2.3.2-1. CMR Building (TA-03)
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Table 2.3.3-1. CMR Building (TA-03)
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2.4.1 Construction and Modification
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2-70Table 2.4.2-1. Pajarito Site (T
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“Hummer”2.4.4 Cerro Grande Fire
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2.5.1 Construction and Modification
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Table 2.5.3-1. Sigma Complex (TA-03
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2-80Table 2.6.2-1. MSL (TA-03)/Comp
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2.6.4 Cerro Grande Fire Effects at
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2-86Table 2.7.2-1. TFF (TA-35)/Comp
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Inspection of target component2.8 M
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2.8.2 Operations at the Machine Sho
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Table 2.8.3-1. Machine Shops (TA-03
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Operations at this Key Facility are
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2.9.2 Operations at High Explosives
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2-100SWEIS Yearbook—2002Table 2.9
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Table 2.9.3-1. High Explosives Proc
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2.10.2 Operations at High Explosive
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2-108Table 2.10.2-1. High Explosive
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Table 2.10.3-1. High Explosives Tes
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DX Division Strategic Plan for the
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2-116Table 2.11.1-1. Los Alamos Neu
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Table 2.11.2-1. Los Alamos Neutron
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2-122Table 2.11.2-1. Los Alamos Neu
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2.12 Bioscience Facilities (TA-43,
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Because of the building’s small s
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is expected to continue through 200
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2-134Table 2.12.3-1. Bioscience Fac
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Table 2.13-1. Radiochemistry Buildi
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Table 2.13.2-1. Radiochemistry Faci
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Table 2.13.3-1. Radiochemistry Faci
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Table 2.14-1. Radioactive Liquid Wa
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2.14.2 Operations at the Radioactiv
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Table 2.14.2-1. Radioactive Liquid
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Table 2.14.3-1. Radioactive Liquid
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Table 2.15-1. Solid Radioactive and
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volume is an increase from the last
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2-160Table 2.15.2-1. Solid Radioact
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2.16 Non-Key FacilitiesThe balance,
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2-166Table 2.16.1-1. Non-Key Facili
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consumption would represent approxi
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Exterior and interior views of the
Page 202 and 203: Decision Applications Division Offi
Page 204 and 205: k) Materials Science and Technology
Page 206 and 207: n) NPDES Outfall ProjectDuring 1997
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Page 210 and 211: 2.17 Environmental Restoration Proj
Page 212 and 213: The sludge and water in the lagoons
Page 214 and 215: Table 2.17.3-1. Evaluated and Stabi
Page 216 and 217: 2.18 ReferencesDepartment of Energy
Page 218 and 219: Department of Energy, 1999d. “Cat
Page 220 and 221: Katzman, 2000. Personal communicati
Page 222 and 223: Los Alamos National Laboratory, 200
Page 224 and 225: Table 3.1.1-1 summarizes the radioa
Page 226 and 227: for reporting under Section 313 of
Page 228 and 229: NPDES permitted outfalls, including
Page 230 and 231: Table 3.2-4. Discharges from NPDES
Page 232 and 233: ensures that LANL meets all require
Page 234 and 235: 3.3.3 Low-Level Radioactive WastesT
Page 236 and 237: Table 3.3.5-1. Transuranic Waste Ge
Page 238 and 239: Power Plant ComplexIn CY 2002, an e
Page 240 and 241: 3.4.3 WaterBefore September 8, 1998
Page 242 and 243: Table 3.5.2-1. Radiological Exposur
Page 244 and 245: These employees have had a positive
Page 246 and 247: 3.7.1 Land Resources—CY 1998From
Page 248 and 249: Table 3.7.5-1. Site-wide Land UseAC
Page 250 and 251: Table 3.8-1. Groundwater Characteri
Page 254 and 255: 828 ft. One sample of water from th
Page 256 and 257: Table3.9-2. HistoricPeriodCulturalR
Page 258 and 259: Traditional Cultural Properties Com
Page 260 and 261: 2002 Land TransferredNine cultural
Page 262 and 263: During 2002, LANL completed three b
Page 264 and 265: Lansford, R., L. Adcock, S. Ben-Dav
Page 266 and 267: Wetland in Mortandad Canyon3-44SWEI
Page 268 and 269: years for which data were reported;
Page 270 and 271: Figure 4-4. Carbon monoxide emissio
Page 272 and 273: The SWEIS assumed that reducing out
Page 274 and 275: Sanitary WasteLANL sanitary waste g
Page 276 and 277: Low-Level WasteLANL generation of L
Page 278 and 279: 4.4 Utility ConsumptionConsumption
Page 280 and 281: TRI(UC Workers Only)TRI(All Workers
Page 282 and 283: Though construction and modificatio
Page 284 and 285: LANL has also increased the invento
Page 286 and 287: 4.13 ReferencesClean Air Act. 42 US
Page 288 and 289: The PastV-Site building related to
Page 290 and 291: 5.1.2 AssumptionsThe Laboratory use
Page 292 and 293: Figure 5-1. Existing land use at LA
Page 294 and 295: Table 5.2.3.1-1. Site-Wide Land Use
Page 296 and 297: • Manhattan Monument tract, a fra
Page 298 and 299: Table 5.2.4-2. Selected Proposed Co
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5.4 The Plan5.4.1 Planning ProcessT
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Table 5.4.3-1. Electrical Power Con
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easily provide forecasted water dem
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• Fire Hazard Mitigation: Facilit
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Table 5.5.1-1. Funding SourcesFUNDI
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Emergency Operations Center (above
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5.6 ReferencesAmerican Standard of
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5-30SWEIS Yearbook—2002
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• Construction of the DecisionApp
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projected by the ROD. Similarly, a
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6.2 ConclusionsIn conclusion, LANL
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6-8SWEIS Yearbook—2002
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A-2Table A-1. Chemistry and Metallu
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A-4Table A-2. Bioscience Air Emissi
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A-6SWEIS Yearbook—2002Table A-3.
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A-10Table A-6. Machine Shops Air Em
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A-16SWEIS Yearbook—2002Table A-10
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A-20Table A-10. Radiochemistry Site
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A-22Table A-11. Sigma Complex Air E
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A-26Table A-13. Tritium Operations
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Table B-1. Comparison of Nuclear Fa
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B-4Table B-1. Comparison of Nuclear
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B-8SWEIS Yearbook—2002Table B-1.
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B-10SWEIS Yearbook—2002Table B-1.
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Table C-1. Radiological Facility Li
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Appendix D. NPDES Outfall Status Su
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Appendix D. NPDES Outfall Status Su
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D-6SWEIS Yearbook—2002
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Site Boundary ChangesOn December 11
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Figure E-2a. TA-55 old evaluationbo
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Table E-1. Land Parcels Transferred
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Figure E-3. Location of transfer pa
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References and Key Information Sour
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F-2SWEIS Yearbook—2002Table F-1.
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F-20Table F-5. Non-RTBF Non-Facilit
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F-22Table F-6. Non-RTBF Non-Facilit
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To obtain a copy of the SWEIS Yearb
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