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Peter A. Gall, Q.C., Donald R. Munroe, Q.C., and Andrea L. Zwack, for theinterveners the Coalition of BC Businesses and the British Columbia Agriculture Council.Selwyn A. Pieters and Adrian A. Smith, for the interveners Justicia for MigrantWorkers and the Industrial Accident Victims Group of Ontario.Steven Barrett and Ethan Poskanzer, for the intervener the Canadian Labour2011 SCC 20 (CanLII)Congress.Association.Ian J. Roland and Michael Fenrick, for the intervener the Canadian PoliceLiberties Association.Joshua S. Phillips and Antony Singleton, for the intervener the Canadian Civil
TABLE OF CONTENTSParagraphReasons of McLachlin C.J. and LeBel J. ................................................................................1I. Introduction........................................................................................................................1II. Background........................................................................................................................5A. The Exclusion of the Farming Sector From the LRA and the Impactof Dunmore ........................................................................................................................5B. The Constitutional Challenge to the AEPA .......................................................................7III. Judicial History ................................................................................................................13A. Ontario Superior Court of Justice, 79 O.R. (3d) 219, theApplications Judge...........................................................................................................13B. The Court of Appeal, 2008 ONCA 760, 92 O.R. (3d) 481 (Winkler C.J.O. andCronk and Watt JJ.A.)......................................................................................................15IV. Analysis............................................................................................................................17A. Issues: Does the AEPA Violate Sections 2(d) and 15 of the Charter? ............................17B. Freedom of Association (Section 2(d)) ............................................................................18(1) Freedom of Association in the Labour Context: TheJurisprudential Background .......................................................................................19(a) The Early Cases ...................................................................................................19(b) Dunmore ..............................................................................................................26(c) Health Services: Its Impact..................................................................................34(d) The Issue on This Appeal .....................................................................................44(e) Response to Justice Deschamps...........................................................................49(f) Response to Justice Rothstein ..............................................................................52(i)The Caution Required in Overturning Precedent........................................56(ii) The Arguments on Jurisprudence ...............................................................61(iii) Purpose of Section 2(d): Individual Versus CollectiveRights ..........................................................................................................632011 SCC 20 (CanLII)
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CITATION: Brito v. Canac Kitchens,
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Page: 3a) What, if any, period of n
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Page: 5[18] Having regard for Canac
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CITATION: Chandran v. National Bank
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Page: 3against him by the employees
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Page: 5the employees who raised the
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Page: 7had no obligation under the
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Page: 9[37] Mr. Chandran’s last j
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Page: 11large number of unsolicited
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Page: 13disciplinary letter against
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Page: 15evidence of acrimony betwee
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Page: 17Toronto office. He admitted
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Page: 19increase in the quantum of
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Page: 21Weissach Motors and MCL Mot
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Page: 23“There can be no catalogu
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Page: 25[123] On the basis of the a
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QUEEN’S BENCH FOR SASKATCHEWANDat
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- 3 -meet his financial obligations
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- 5 -[11] On June 28, 2002, without
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- 7 -and a capital gain of $23,874.
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- 9 -may have delayed commencement
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- 11 -had purchased late in 2001 an
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- 13 -[34] Stated in another way, w
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- 15 -supervised by the plaintiff.
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- 17 -purchasing agent for a compan
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- 19 -sales, conducting retail sale
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- 21 -employment with Bennett Dunlo
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- 23 -[54] The issue was taken up b
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- 25 -59 ... Damages attributable t
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- 27 -not have any information rega
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- 29 -[66] Both Mr. Coppola and Mr.
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- 31 -expense accounts which contai
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- 33 -by the plaintiffs in the abov
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- 35 -Pre-judgment interest[76] Mr.
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- 37 -the six month notice period.
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SummaryFollowing concerns raised by
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2REASONS FOR DECISIONIntroduction[1
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4agreed statement) and also by test
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6e. that it was not his responsibil
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8Department of Labour. The firm adv
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10that “the buck stopped with me
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12without any knowledge of this and
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14[41] Various other cases, cited i
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16[49] There is nothing wrong with
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182 The foundation of this Act is t
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20(b) the co-operative auditing of
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- 2 -The Honourable Justice Turnbul
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- 2 -concluded that, while the mill
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- 4 -[6] The union’s position is
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- 6 -it must be reasonable; (3) it
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- 8 -the majority relied in part on
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- 10 -Taken with the low testing ra
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- 12 -should depart from those prec
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- 14 -IV.Issues - AnalysisA. Introd
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- 16 -distinguished any analogy bet
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- 18 -industry. The lead case appea
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- 20 -rather than a reactive, appro
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- 22 -employers of the burden of de
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- 24 -Canada, Local 0004, supra. Al
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- 26 -C. Summary Observations on th
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- 28 -hazardous materials to variou
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IN THE COURT OF QUEEN’S BENCH OF
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2assistance and remain employed. Ki
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4a) there is a strong prima facie c
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6discrimination. The letter also st
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8applicable guidelines. He was give
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10Correct Legal Test[15] Killam’s
Page 135 and 136: 12position. However, because of the
Page 137 and 138: Page: 2FACTS[2] The respondent is a
Page 139 and 140: Page: 4REASONS OF THE APPLICATION J
Page 141 and 142: Page: 6trade, certain of such coven
Page 143 and 144: Page: 8[17] It is convenient to rep
Page 145 and 146: Page: 10duties for the Company or w
Page 147 and 148: Page: 12[30] Effectively, because t
Page 149 and 150: SUPREME COURT OF NOVA SCOTIACitatio
Page 151 and 152: Page: 341. In every proceeding comm
Page 153 and 154: Page: 5[8] There is ample case auth
Page 155 and 156: Page: 7some amount be awarded for p
Page 157 and 158: NOTE: This document is subject to e
Page 159 and 160: 2011 SCC 20File No.: 32968.2009: De
Page 161 and 162: allowed the appeal and declared the
Page 163 and 164: established. There is no concrete e
Page 165 and 166: Section 5 of the AEPA, correctly in
Page 167 and 168: pursue, rather than protecting the
Page 169 and 170: expression under s. 2(b), so too sh
Page 171 and 172: Nor did invoking Charter values in
Page 173 and 174: Per Deschamps J.: The holding in He
Page 175 and 176: from the legislation was unequivoca
Page 177 and 178: KMart Canada Ltd., [1999] 2 S.C.R.
Page 179 and 180: By Abella J. (dissenting)Health Ser
Page 181 and 182: Adams, Roy J. “Prospects for Labo
Page 183 and 184: International Labour Organisation.
Page 185: Gaétan Migneault and Michelle Brun
Page 189 and 190: (b) Qualitative Differences Between
Page 191 and 192: yThe judgment of McLachlin C.J. and
Page 193 and 194: majority of this Court found a brea
Page 195 and 196: [10] The UFCW also attempted to bar
Page 197 and 198: [14] With respect to the particular
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Page 201 and 202: and to realize common purposes” (
Page 203 and 204: (b) Dunmore[26] This Court’s deci
Page 205 and 206: support discredited the organizing
Page 207 and 208: [34] Dunmore established that claim
Page 209 and 210: [38] The decision in Health Service
Page 211 and 212: [42] The Court in Health Services e
Page 213 and 214: impugned law or state action has th
Page 215 and 216: [51] In our view, the majority deci
Page 217 and 218: Indeed, the fact that Health Servic
Page 219 and 220: [64] Consistent with this framework
Page 221 and 222: must not depart from the context of
Page 223 and 224: ealize common purposes (emphasis ad
Page 225 and 226: LeBel J., written on behalf of a mi
Page 227 and 228: (ix) The Argument on Academic Criti
Page 229 and 230: given a generous and purposive inte
Page 231 and 232: trade unions should negotiate in go
Page 233 and 234: [101] Sections 5(6) and (7) are cri
Page 235 and 236: [107] These considerations lead us
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protections would be inappropriate
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3. Does s. 3(b.1) of the Labour Rel
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of s. 2(d) employers “must engage
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per Dickson C.J. in dissent; R. v.
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3. A prior decision that creates un
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[137] Professor Debra Parkes has su
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[140] In the case of Health Service
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[145] Third, the constitutionalizat
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“recognized that under most Canad
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constitutionalize collective bargai
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[159] In addition, the Court was ag
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or effect of a measure when determi
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. . . the state must not substantia
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[173] First, the collective bargain
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ight to bargain because employers a
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incapable of being performed by an
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(2) Section 2(d) Protects Freedoms
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[193] The Chief Justice and LeBel J
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as described in Health Services, it
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[204] Health Services rejected the
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associations must receive identical
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Health Services would in fact be co
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[217] In response to this argument,
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The question at stake in this appea
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constitutional law the particular f
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can, then we must seriously questio
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[235] The labour history offered in
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[241] It is true that there is a lo
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understanding of freedom of associa
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The voluntary nature of collective
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equirements it finds to the case be
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exclusivity and a mechanism for res
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takes time before the unworkability
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argain in good faith change these m
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employee, to make a “take it or l
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obligations, and Charter values —
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[279] Nonetheless, the Chief Justic
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[283] It is true, as my colleagues
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They base their view on a statement
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. . . the freedom to work for the e
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case at bar (2008 ONCA 760, 92 O.R.
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[302] As the majority in the instan
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[305] All that was required by the
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ound” by s. 2(d) seems to have be
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to Bargain Collectively: The Implic
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cases in which the vulnerability of
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[323] The AEPA was enacted in 2002
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10-1920; Donald D. Carter et al., L
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Agriculture and Food, the Honourabl
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activities of the “employees’ a
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[346] The reason for the protection
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[351] I acknowledge that different
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May 813, does “not differ in any
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argaining, including exclusivity, b
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accordance with a bargaining regime
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5. (1) The employer shall give an e
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Solicitor for the intervener the At
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CLIENT UPDATELABOUR & EMPLOYMENT LA
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SUPREME COURT OF NOVA SCOTIACitatio
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Page: 3failure to observe, perform
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Page: 5offences under the Immigrati
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Page: 7(5) Interest was payable on
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Page: 910.08 Should there be a disa
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Page: 11that the arbitration in que
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Page: 13[31] In Knox v. Conservativ
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Page: 15The Applicants should not b
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the court refuses to review the arb
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Page: 19(d) the composition of the
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Page: 21[49] The Applicant states t
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Page: 23[55] In addition, the Respo
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Page: 2577.06 (1) Party and party c
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:" .. "Schedule AIN THE MATTER OF A
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., ....3OVERVIEWTheClaimant, Ms. Co
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....5The Companybegan business. Inc
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7Subsequently the Jennifer Allan bu
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9She was then given a letter dated
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· ,111. Ms. Cormier knowingly cont
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13Mr. Nordqvist testified that Ms.
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15Ms. Cormier decided to set up suc
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"17ofthat because of difficulties M
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,.19Ms. Carter was invited to a mee
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. .,'21I am also satisfied that the
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23call from Ms. Cormier that Revenu
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,. ."25There is also evidence that
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· . ,27Ms. Gallant did no scheduli
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. \. .. ~..29Ms. Cormier testified
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. '...31the files relating to some
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. ",.'933Ms. Cormier testified that
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...35environment including any lack
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.'37In the year 2000, there was ano
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..39identified anything that she wa
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" .' .,.\1.·....l -,1'.• ,~.,.".
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