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282A. A. MACHADO ET ALLIthe initial profile was already eroded by the winterstorms. Regarding the meteorological scenario, itcan be observed the development of a long windfetch from S to SW (Fig. 9). The associationbetween this wind pattern and the NE-SWorientation of the shoreline favored the extra highrise in sea level observed on the coast due to theCoriolis effect (Parise et al. 2009).Figure 5. Shoreline (m) and volume changes (m³/m)between Estreito and Solidão lighthouses, after the stormof July 1996. Modified from Barletta & Calliari (2003).May 25 th , 2003This event was, actually, monitored by anoceanographic buoy moored offshore Rio Grandecity (Minuano buoy from the PNBOIA, Programmoored at a depth of 70 m) since it caused muddeposition at Cassino beach (Calliari & Faria 2003).Buoy measurements, which did not includedirection, are displayed in Table I. Maximumsignificant wave height came very close to the 7 mmark. The path described by the extra-tropicalcyclone on this event resembled Pattern II (Figure8A). A large low pressure center can be observedmoving slowly towards the E (Fig. 8B).September 04 th , 2006This event coincided with one of the extratropicalcyclones studied by Parise et al. (2009),who shows that this particular storm caused a surgeof 1.827 m. Although the surge was very high, beacherosion was low (-8.14 m 3 /m) the reason being thatTable I. Wave data from the Minuano buoy (100 mdepth) (Calliari & Faria 2003).Date/Hours Wave height (m) Period (s)25/05/2003- 00:0025/05/2003- 02:0025/05/2003- 07:0025/05/2003- 13:0025/05/2003- 17:0025/05/2003- 20:006.96.76.95.65.66.911.610.711.611.114.216.0Video-images from an ARGUS system(Holman & Stanley 2007) analyzed before and afterthe onset of the extra-tropical cyclone allowed thequantification of changes in beach width at Cassinoduring the event (Parise et al. 2009) Timex imagesfrom the same system display the surge reaching thedunes and the differences of the surf zone width witha third bar appearing during the storm surge (Fig.10). Maximum values of storm surges of the order of1 m, 1.4 m and 1.9 m in the coast of the RS havebeen found by Calliari et al. (1998), Saraiva et al.(2003) and Parise et al. (2009), respectively. Duringthis event great part of Cassino beach was floodedwhen the water reached the first avenue close to thebeach.Studies done by Saraiva et al. (2003) andParise et al. (2009) pointed out that the maximumelevation of the surge occurs mainly 24 hours afterthe cyclone formation (Tab. II).Figure 6. (A) The path in loop, (B) Synoptic situation, wind field (knots) and pressure (mbar).Pan-American Journal of Aquatic Sciences (2010), 5(2): 277-286
Extreme coastal sea state conditions in southern Brazil283Figure 7. Beach profiles done before and after the event of 18/4/1999. Modified from Esteves et al. (2000).Figure 8. (A) Trajectory, (B) Synoptic situation, wind field (knots) and pressure (mbar).Figure 9. (A) Trajectory, (B) Synoptic situation, wind field (knots) and pressure (mbar).Pan-American Journal of Aquatic Sciences (2010), 5(2): 277-286
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Representations in the Brazilian me
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IIM. S. COPERTINO ET ALLIIntroducti
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IVM. S. COPERTINO ET ALLIpollution
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VIM. S. COPERTINO ET ALLIpublic pol
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Brazilian coastal vulnerability to
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Potential vulnerability of the Braz
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218L. F. D. FARACO ET ALLITable I.
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222L. F. D. FARACO ET ALLIParaná,
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226Z. M. A. N. LEAO ET ALLIVerrill
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228Z. M. A. N. LEAO ET ALLITable I.
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XIVResearchers from Rede Clima and
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