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286A. A. MACHADO ET ALLIlevel. A handbook for Engineers andScientists, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, NewYork, 472 p.Reboita, M. S., Rocha, R. P. & Ambrizzi, T. 2010.South Atlantic Ocean cyclogenesisclimatology simulated by regional climatemodel (RegCM3). Climate Dynamics, 35:1331-1347.Saraiva, J. M. B., Bedran, C. & Carneiro, C. 2003:Monitoring of Storm Surges on CassinoBeach. Jounal of Coastal Research, 35: 323-331.Toldo JR., E. E., Dillenburg, S. R., Almeida, L. E. S.B., Tabajara, L. L., Martins, R. R. & Cunha,L. O. B. P. 1993. Parâmetros morfodinâmicosda Praia de Imbé, RS. Pesquisas, 20(1): 27-32.Tolman, H. L. 2002. User manual and systemdocumentation of WAVE-WATCH IIIversion 2.22. NOAA/NWS/NCEP/IOMBTech. Note 222. 133 p.von Storch, H. & K. Woth 2008. Storm surges,perspectives and options. Sustainability.Science, 3: 33-44.Webster, P. J., Holland, G. J., Curry, J. A. & Chang,H. R. 2005. Changes in Tropical CycloneNumber, Duration, and Intensity in a WarmingEnvironment. Science, 309: 1844-1846.Zar, J. H. 1999. Biostatistical analysis. EnglewoodCliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 663 p.Received January 2010Accepted December 2010Published online January 2011Pan-American Journal of Aquatic Sciences (2010), 5(2): 277-286
Climatic changes in the coastal plain of the Rio Grande do Sul state inthe Holocene: palynomorph evidencesSVETLANA MEDEANIC 1 & IRAN C. S. CORRÊA 21 Laboratório de Oceanografia Geológica, FURG/Instituto de Oceanografia, Av. Itália, km 08, Campus Carreiros, RioGrande, RS, Brazil. CEP 96201-900. E-mail: svetlanamedeanic@furg.br2 Centro de Estudos de Geologia Costeira e Oceânica, UFRGS/Instituto de Geociências, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500,Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. CEP 91509-900. E-mail: iran.correa@ufrgs.brAbstract. Climatic changes during the Holocene were the principal factors influencing thecoastal plain evolution and sea level oscillations. Climatic fluctuations were responsible forlittoral sedimentation and palaeoenvironmental changes. Palynological data, obtained fromcore-drillings, performed at the bottom of the Patos and the Tramandaí lagoons and in adjacentareas, were used for palaeoclimatic reconstructions. Palynomorphs, represented by algal andfungal palynomorphs, pollen and spores of vascular terrestrial and aquatic plants,microforaminifers, and scolecodonts showed their indicative value for palaeoclimaticreconstructions. The samples, dated by 14 C method, allowed the comparison of the results whenmaking interpretations. Increase in marine algal palynomorphs indicated sea level rise as aresult of global temperature increase. The beginning of the marine transgression was about 10kyrs BP after the last glacial period when temperature raised. Transgressive maximum (4-6 kyrsBP) was characterized by sea-level rise at about 4-5 m. Posterior regression began as result oftemperature fall and drier climate, forcing dune formation in the coastal plain. Palynomorphrecords from the lagoon sediments in the coastal plains have a great potential and may serve fordetail paleoclimatic reconstructions of the past and predictions of climatic changes in thefuture.Keywords: Palynology, Palaeoecology, Lagoon sediments, Extreme Southern BrazilResumo. Mudanças climáticas na Planície Costeira do Rio Grande do Sul no Holoceno:evidências de palinomorfos. As mudanças climáticas ocorridas durante o Holoceno foram osprincipais fatores que influenciaram na evolução da zona costeira e nas oscilações do nível domar. Flutuações climáticas foram responsáveis pela formação dos sedimentos litorâneos e asmudanças paleoambientais. Dados palinológicos, obtidos a partir de furos de sondagens etestemunhos executados no fundo da laguna dos Patos e da laguna de Tramandaí e nasadjacências, foram usados para reconstruções paleoclimáticas. Os palinomorfos representadospelas algas, fungos, grãos de pólens e esporos de plantas vasculares terrestres e aquáticas,microforaminiferos e escolecodontes mostram seus valores indicativos para as reconstruçõespaleoclimáticas. As amostras datadas pelo método de 14 C nos permitiram comparar osresultados obtidos quando foram efetuadas as interpretações. Aumento de palinomorfos de algasmarinhas indicou a subida do nível do mar como resultado do aumento das temperaturasglobais. Início da transgressão marinha foi a cerca de 10 ka AP depois da última glaciaçãoquando as temperaturas subiram. O máximo transgressivo (4-6 ka AP) foi caracterizado pelasubida do nível do mar de 4-5 m. A regressão posterior começou como resultado da queda dastemperaturas e aridização do clima, que causou a formação de dunas na zona costeira. Osregistros de palinomorfos nos sedimentos lagunares das zonas costeiras possuem um grandepotencial nas reconstruções paleoclimáticas do passado e também como previsões de mudançasclimáticas do futuro.Palavras-chave: Palinologia, Paleoecologia, Sedimentos Lagunares, Extremo Sul do BrasilPan-American Journal of Aquatic Sciences (2010), 5(2): 287-297
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