Tracking Financial Performance Standards of ... - Sa-Dhan

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TermStatement of Profit and LossStraight-Line DepreciationStraight-Line DepreciationMethodSubsidiary LedgersSustainability:TangibleTangible AssetTermTerm LoanTimeTransactionTrendTrial BalanceTroubled Debt RestructuringUnaudited FinancialStatementsUncollectible AccountUnearned IncomeA financial statement that reports the results of a company's business operations(revenue and expenses) for a set period, usually one year. Also called an earningsreport, income statement, statement of earnings, and statement of operations.Accounting method that reflects an equal amount of wear and tear duringeach period of an asset's useful life. For instance, the annual straight-linedepreciation of a currency (Dollor, Rupees, Pounds) 2,500 asset expected tolast five years is currency (Dollor, Rupees, Pounds) 500. (See accelerateddepreciation.)A method of depreciation that provides for equal periodic charges to expenseover the estimated life of an asset.Ledgers that contain only one type of account; the example in this chapter isthe accounts payable ledger.Sustainability is the ability of a micro credit programme to maintain itsoperations and continue to provide service to its customers or clients. AProgramme is sustainable when a combination of external grants, loans, andinternally generated revenues are sufficient to cover all programme expensesover the long term.All physical assets used by a business are tangible (capable of being touched).Assets having a physical existence, such as cash, land, buildings, machinery, orclaims on property, investments or goods in process. (See intangible assets.)Refers to the maturity or length of time until final repayment on a loan, bond,sale or other contractual obligation.Loan for a specified time period.The number of years, months, or days for which interest is charged. Alsocalled the term.Any activity that changes the value of a firm's assets, liabilities, or owner'sequity.A pattern in a company's financial performance over time. For example, if acompany's sales have been increasing over many months or years, analystswould describe this pattern as a sales growth trend.A listing of all ledger accounts with their balances to test the equality of debitsand credits; it is usually prepared at the end of each month. A summary listingof the balances and the titles of the accounts.Agreement between debtor and creditor which amends the terms of a debtthat has little chance of being paid in accordance with its contractual terms.The agreement may involve the transfer of assets in full or partial satisfactionof the debt.Financial statements which have not undergone a detailed auditexamination by an independent certified public accountant (CPA).Another name for bad debt.DefinitionPayments received for services which have not yet been performed.
Glossary of Financial TermsTermUnearned RevenueUnrestricted FundsVariable CostsVertical AnalysisVoucherVoucher RegisterVoucher SystemVoucherWageWorking CapitalWrite offYieldDefinitionAnother name for deferred revenue, usually applying to amounts received ayear or less in advance. Revenue received in advance of its being earned.Resources of a not-for-profit entity that have no restrictions as to use or purpose.(See Fund Accounting and Restricted Fund.)Costs that vary in total as production varies, but remain the same per unitregardless of how many units are produced.The expression of each item in a company's financial statement as a percent ofa base figure, in order to see the relative importance of each item. For thebalance sheet, the base is total assets; for the income statement, the base is netsales. The percentage analysis of component parts in relation to the total ofthe parts in a single financial statement.A method of accounting for cash payments in which all payments are authorizedin advance and kept track of internally through five components: voucher,voucher register, unpaid voucher file, check register, and paid voucher file.The journal in which all vouchers are recorded.A method of accounting for cash payments in which all payments are authorizedin advance and kept track of internally through five components: voucher,voucher register, unpaid voucher file, check register, and paid voucher file.Records, methods, and procedures employed in verifying and recordingliabilities and paying and recording cash payments.A document that serves as evidence of authority to pay cash.A fixed hourly rate paid to an employee.Technically, means current assets and current liabilities. The term is commonlyused a synonymous with net working capital. The term often also is used torefer to all short-term funding needs for operations (excluding debt serviceand fixed assets). A company's investment in current assets that are used tomaintain normal business operations. Net working capital, which is the excessof current assets over current liabilities, is also interchangeable with workingcapital. Both reflect the resources in circulation to meet operating needs andobligations as they come due. Excess of current assets over current liabilities.The excess of a firm's current assets over its current liabilities. A strong workingcapital means that the firm is likely to be able to carry on its current operations.The excess of total current assets over total current liabilities at some point intime.When an investment, such as a loan, becomes seriously delinquent or in defaultand is determined to be uncollectible, the lender may choose to charge theoutstanding investment amount as an expense or a loss.Return on an investment an investor receives from dividends or interestexpressed as a percentage of the cost of the security.
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TECHNICAL TOOL SERIES 1TRACKING FIN
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INTRODUCTION TOMICROFINANCE STANDAR
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5. PERFORMANCE STANDARDS - CONCEPT,
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTSThe need of the oper
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Page 138 and 139: REFERENCESBarrel, Margaret, Michael
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