Scandinavian-Britain

DUMFRIESSHIRE AND GALLOWAY 223Addingham (Cumberland) cross and others, made forViking patrons in imitation of earlier models. Now,as lona was the burial-place of Hebridean chieftains,soWhithorn must have been the mausoleum of thenotables of this coast; and perhapsall who couldafford a monument, buried their dead at the famoussanctuary of St. Ninian. This may explain the absenceof distinctively Viking-age work in Dumfriesshire,stones ofthough in Kirkcudbright there are manythe tenth century which may have been carved forthe settlers without introducing any very characteristicViking ornament.In Wigtownshire itself was another Norse colony,no doubt connected with that in Dumfriesshire, andyet divided by the hilly district west of the Dee,in which there is a smaller proportion of Norse placenamesexcept on the coast-line. Here again Cumbriannames are reduplicated, as Wigtown, Sorbie (Sowerby),Broughton, Carleton, Glasserton, Ramsey, Tongue,Gretna ;while Physgill (Fishcegil, fiski-gil\ Eggerness(ness of the Solway tidal-bore) and Fleet (Fljbf) areof similar form. In Njal's saga Beruvik, somewherenear Whithorn, is named it has been found;atBurrow Head or Yarrock Bay, but there is also aBerwick near Kirkcudbright. The farmers' loan-worderg/i isfound again in another Arkland, and is commonas -aroch) while the Gaelic form appears in Airyland.The origin of the settlement in Galloway, connectedas it must be with the Gallgael (Galweithiabeing the Latin from Galwyddel the Cymric equivalentof the Gaelic Gallgaidhel) isperhaps earlier,