Programming Manual Elektor Proton Robot - ELEKTOR.se

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The TCRT5000 and TCRT5000L are reflective sensors which include an infrared emitter andphototransistor in a leaded package which blocks visible light. The package includes twomounting clips. TCRT5000L is the long lead version.FEATURES• Detector type: phototransistor• Peak operating distance: 2.5 mm• Operating range within > 20 % relative collector current: 0.2 mm to 15 mm• Daylight blocking filter• Emitter wavelength: 950 nmAPPLICATIONS• Position sensor for shaft encoder• Detection of reflective material such as paper, IBM cards, magnetic tapes etc.• Limit switch for mechanical motions in VCR• General purpose - wherever the space is limitedBart Huyskens Manual Elektor Proton V1.0 3 April 2011 84
Analogue to digital conversion explainedMost modern microcontrollers have 1 analogue to digital convertor onboard. This one ADconvertor input is multiplexed to several input pins of the uC – giving these pins A/Dfunctionality.MICROCONTROLLER WITHEMBEDDED AD CONVERTORAN0AN1ANALOGMULTIPLEXERAN2RESULTA/DCONVERTORAN3AN4AN58 BIT RESULT10 BIT RESULTAN6AN7The result of the AD convertor – in many cases – is a 10 bit binary (digital) value. In most cases –an accuracy of 8 bit is sufficient – so we can choose to only use the 8 MSB’s – or the full 10 bits.The Analogue values are measured between 0 and 5V – 0v resulting in an 8 bit digital value of0b00000000 (or 0) and 5V resulting in an 8 bit digital value of 0b11111111 (or 255). For example:2.5V will result in 0b10000000 (or 128).In robotics – often analogue sensors (like the sharp sensors) are used to measure distance –temperature – humidity – light intensity – sound pressure - …With the embedded A/D convertors of modern microcontrollers – it is no problem at all toconnect these sensors directly to the analogue input pins of the microcontroller.Bart Huyskens Manual Elektor Proton V1.0 3 April 2011 85
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V1.0Programming ManualElektor Proto
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Communications Protocol ...........
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Blok schematic:Bart Huyskens Manual
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Different modules on PCB levelBart
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AVR add-on board• The AVR board h
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Servo moduleSCL-SDAHeadSCL-SDAUS di
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List of all the connectors on the m
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J26J27J28J29 +-J30J31J33J34J35GND12
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char I2C_RECEIVE_BYTE(char Last);vo
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How to set up Flowcode 4 (PIC) for
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How to set up Flowcode 4 (AVR) for
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How to set op AVRSTUDIO - WINAVR /
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Click on the gear-logo “Edit curr
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Make sure that your fuses tab scree
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How to set up MPLAB - HITECH C Lite
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We choose not to add any file to th
Page 33 and 34: •Copy paste the “PIC_PROTON_LIB
Page 35 and 36: Bart Huyskens Manual Elektor Proton
Page 37 and 38: }{PORTD = 0x0F;__delay_ms(200);PORT
Page 39 and 40: PIC16F887Demoprogram Flowcode PIC V
Page 41 and 42: These are 2 normally open push butt
Page 43 and 44: • After the readbyte instruction
Page 45 and 46: READ DATA FROM THE SLAVEFor example
Page 47 and 48: void main(){// init AD & Option reg
Page 49 and 50: Experience: We use this LCD in I2C
Page 51 and 52: Commands to write in the command re
Page 53 and 54: Custom char generatorCustom charact
Page 55 and 56: The servo motors in the head and th
Page 57 and 58: This robot can be equipped with up
Page 59 and 60: Although the signal for the positio
Page 61 and 62: The head with ldr’s, RGB-led’s
Page 63 and 64: Head I2C Slave address = 0x10Index
Page 65 and 66: Proton robot developer’s notes:Th
Page 67 and 68: When a ranging command in cm is giv
Page 69 and 70: address of a sonar currently at 0xE
Page 71 and 72: The MD25 motor driver moduleThis pr
Page 75 and 76: The MD25 has 17 registers numbered
Page 77 and 78: ultimate speed, the MD25 has a regi
Page 79 and 80: Changing the I2C Bus AddressTo chan
Page 81 and 82: The line sensor module with 3 IR li
Page 83: Photo of the 3 line follow sensorsT
Page 87 and 88: }}Proton robot developer’s notes:
Page 89 and 90: RS232 communication explainedRS-232
Page 93 and 94: • Supportso MMC, SDC, SDHC card f
Page 95 and 96: Communications ProtocolDescriptionT
Page 97 and 98: Prompt CharacterSetting name: PThis
Page 99 and 100: BoostSetting name: BSets the defaul
Page 101 and 102: Input/Output Interface SettingsInpu
Page 103 and 104: SettingsDescriptionNon-volatile set
Page 105 and 106: Play NextDescriptionThis plays the
Page 107 and 108: StopDescriptionStops playback.Forma
Page 109 and 110: Playback StatusDescriptionThis show
Page 111 and 112: Play ToneDescriptionThis command pl
Page 113 and 114: Reset AudioDescriptionResets the au
Page 115 and 116: Loop CountDescriptionGets or sets t
Page 117 and 118: 1 1 0001 1 +1.5 dB2 2 0010 2 +3 dB3
Page 119 and 120: This command will copy data from an
Page 121 and 122: CloseDescriptionCloses an open file
Page 123 and 124: Parameters• path is the absolute
Page 125 and 126: InfoDescriptionGives the file posit
Page 127 and 128: Card InfoDescriptionGets card speci
Page 129 and 130: List DirectoryDescriptionThe List D
Page 131 and 132: L /PICTURES/*.JPG«sp»----A 2008/0
Page 133 and 134: RenameDescriptionRenames/moves a fi
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O 1 R /LOGS/JANUARY/JAN03.LOGOpen a
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DescriptionYou can read up to 512 b
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Read LineDescriptionThe Read Line c
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WriteDescriptionYou can write up to
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E /LOG.TXTO 1 RW /LOG.TXTS E0I 10/0
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Table of SettingsCommunication Sett
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Input/Output Interface SettingsSett
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Proton main program for PIC in C:/*
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void UART_STRING_RECEIVE(char *rece
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}SSPBUF=Data;//Send bytewhile((PIR1
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}}// Writes an integer value to the
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s++;}}//bit STRING_IN( const char *
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eturn;}}}}}/***********************
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Proton main program for AVR in C:/*
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char STR_PREFIX( const char *p, con
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}TWCR = (1
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LCD_WRITE_STRING(String);alsoLCD_WR
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n--;}}//bit char_in( char c, const
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}} else {_delay_us( 100 );t++;if( t
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Cheat sheet C - for Hitech C compil
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Version changes summary09/04/2011 v
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