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FIGURE 2: HONEY PRODUCTION IN ETHIOPIASource: Mayoux, L.“Making the Strongest Links.”TWANYA EAST PROJECT QUANTITATIVE MAPPING EXERCISETable 5 summarizes the data on sex segmentation collected by the Twanya EAST project on the passion fruit valuechain. The data were culled from baseline surveys and initial market assessments. An initial analysis of the datarevealed that women represent 39 percent of all employees along the chain. However, their participation variesgreatly among the different actors. For example, women comprise 80 percent of workers on large-scale farms and73 percent of all workers in processing plants. In contrast, women are greatly underrepresented as rural purchasingagents and wholesalers/brokers. In addition, the data revealed a high level of informality. Of the women employedin the chain, 81 percent of women’s jobs are classified as informal. Further, there exists a disparity in men’s andwomen’s wages. Women earn an average of 29 percent less than men along the chain.The Twanya EAST project decided to map women’s participation along the chain based on their initial findings.The categories of actors in yellow indicate a high presence of women. This helped the team to visualize women’spresence and absence along the chain. The map will be updated as new information is made available.TABLE 5. OWNERSHIP, EMPLOYMENT, AND WAGES IN THE PASSION FRUIT VALUE CHAIN% FOwnerMaleEmployeeFemaleEmployeeTotal % F % Informal F/M WagesInput Suppliers .30 142 88 221 0.36 — 0.56Producers .15 6,890 5,265 12,155 0.43 0.82 0.98Small and Medium-Sized .15 1,923 711 2,634 0.27 0.85 0.88Large .00 1,704 6,816 8,521 0.80 0.82 0.53Rural Purchasing Agents .01 58 3 61 0.05 0.93 0.69Wholesalers/Brokers .03 79 6 85 0.07 0.79 0.73Processors .05 2,737 6,054 8,294 0.73 0.64 0.58Total .09 13,533 18,943.62 32,476 0.39 0.81 0.7177
FIGURE 3: PASSION FRUIT VALUE CHAIN IN TWANYAProductionTrading / Marketing /StorageSmall-ScaleProducers &Farm WorkersTrading / Marketing / StorageLarge-ScaleProducers &Farm WorkersWholesalers /BrokersExportersInput SuppliersHigh Female ParticipationFlow of GoodsRetail Sales &ProcessingRural / UrbanDealersProcessorsEUMarketsConsumptionTwanyaConsumersEUConsumersProcessPROMOTING GENDER EQUITABLE OPPORTUNITIES IN AGRICULTURAL VALUE CHAINS 78
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PROMOTING GENDEREQUITABLE OPPORTUNI
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Curt Carnemark/The World BankACKNOW
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INTRODUCTION TO THE HANDBOOK 5Purpo
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Introductionto the Handbook
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as employees, entrepreneurs, and le
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ORGANIZATION OFTHE HANDBOOKThe Hand
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CHARACTERISTICS OFGENDER EQUITABLEA
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IntroductionFrameworkPart I of the
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Gender roles are the behaviors,task
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PRACTICES ANDPARTICIPATIONIdeas abo
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women farm the valley bottomplots i
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Scott Wallace/The World BankFramewo
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disposition of family land upon the
Page 29 and 30: TABLE 2: ILLUSTRATIVE GENDER-BASED
Page 31 and 32: ACCESS TO LANDOwnership, control, a
Page 33 and 34: ACCESS TOWELL-DESIGNEDTECHNOLOGYTec
Page 35 and 36: ENGAGING FARMERSIN AGRICULTURALRESE
Page 37 and 38: HORIZONTALLINKAGESImproving the com
Page 39 and 40: EQUITABLEPARTICIPATIONAND MEMBERSHI
Page 41 and 42: VERTICALLINKAGESThe rationale for v
Page 43 and 44: ox 7THE WOMEN-OWNED AND MANAGED SHE
Page 45 and 46: INCREASINGACCESS TO MARKETINFORMATI
Page 47 and 48: Box 10GENDER PERCEPTIONS CREATE DIS
Page 49 and 50: STRATEGIES1.Identify and address po
Page 51 and 52: EMPLOYMENTAgriculture remains highl
Page 53 and 54: INCREASINGEMPLOYMENTOPPORTUNITIESEv
Page 55 and 56: ox 18Curt Carnemark/The World BankF
Page 57 and 58: PROMOTING WOMENENTREPRENEURSAlthoug
Page 59 and 60: Table 3: Gender Equitable Strategie
Page 61 and 62: Alejandro LipszycThe World BankFram
Page 63 and 64: IntroductionProcessHOW TO USE THEIN
Page 65 and 66: Table 4: Summary of ingia-vc proces
Page 67 and 68: A new component of this project is
Page 69 and 70: ExportersOf the 272 exporting firms
Page 71 and 72: SUPPLEMENTARY INTERVIEW DATAThe Twa
Page 73 and 74: A Producer: Mrs. Oluko is a maize f
Page 75 and 76: Scott Wallace/The World BankProcess
Page 77 and 78: Step 1. Identify key groups of acto
Page 79: Step 3. Organize and present the da
Page 83 and 84: DIMENSION INFORMATION ABOUT WOMEN I
Page 85 and 86: TABLE 6: SAMPLE QUESTIONS FROM THE
Page 87 and 88: Continued - PHASE ONE WORKSHEET: OR
Page 93 and 94: PHASE TWO: FROM GENDERINEQUALITIES
Page 95 and 96: Step 3. Formulate a cause and effec
Page 97 and 98: PHASE TWO WORKSHEET: FROM OBSERVED
Page 99 and 100: Step 1. Hypothesizing the consequen
Page 101 and 102: PHASE THREE WORKSHEET: ASSESSING TH
Page 103 and 104: Step 2. Prioritizing constraints.On
Page 105 and 106: This exercise is important to bette
Page 107 and 108: EXPLOITATIVE STATUS QUOThis quadran
Page 109 and 110: PHASE FOUR WORKSHEET: TAKING ACTION
Page 111 and 112: PHASE FIVE WORKSHEET: DEVELOPING IN
Page 113 and 114: Measuring Changes in Sex Segmentati
Page 115 and 116: Curt Carnemark/The World BankProces
Page 117 and 118: IntroductionConclusionToday, women
Page 119 and 120: A better quality oflife for womenan
Page 121 and 122: 46. Gladwin, “Gendered Impacts.
Page 123 and 124: Deininger, Klaus and Lyn Squire.
Page 125 and 126: Lilja, Nina, Jacqueline Ashby and N
Page 127 and 128: Gender assessmentA term often used
Page 129 and 130: UpstreamUpstream in a value chain r
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Dolan, Catherine and Kristina Sorby
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ANNEX 2: ILLUSTRATIVE SCOPE OF WORK
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Annex 3: ADDRESSING GENDER ISSUES I
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not usually captured in traditional
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Curt Carnemark/The World BankU.S. A
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