Institution of Local Self Governance and its Linkages with Tourism

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SECTION IRole of Tourism in Economic DevelopmentTourism being heterogeneous, it is seen te have many direct andindirect benefits for the wider sector of the economy. Employment isgenerated not only in the wide range of service sectors directly linkedto tourism but also in retail, construction, manufacturing, andtelecommunications . High percentage of women and young peopleare employed by the small and medium sized enterprises thatcomprise much of the industry. Technological advances are ma kingtravel easier than ever before and increasing numbers of people aretraveling annually to consume ever more varied tourism 'products' inever more far-flung destinations.Tourism has been one of the fastest growing economic sectors sincethe 1960s. In recent decades, the share of international tourism inglobal economic activity has risen steadily. It is one of the top fiveexport categories for 83 per cent of countries in the world TheTourism Satellite Account (TSA), a strategic project for the WorldTourism Organisation has analysed that world over, travel andtourism economy has generated 10.4% of the GOP, 8. 1 % ofemployment and 12.2% of the exports in the year 20(14 . In SouthAsian countries, travel and tourism economy directly and indirectlyaccounts for 5% of the GOP and 5.2% of the total employment .Forecasts indicate that the number of people traveling internationallyis likely to increase from 457 million in 1990 to about 1 ,of 4 million by2020, and that earnings from international tourism is li kely II) risefrom $476 billion (year 2000) to more than $2 trillion by 2020. Inworld over, the projected growth rate per annum (from 2C'Oe,- 2014) is4.5%, while South Asia will experience growth rate of 8.3% perannum in the same period . The prejected growth rates reflect t:,at inSouth Asia the tourism will grow twice to the growth in oHter purts ofworld .3
The Indian ScenarioIn keeping with the general trend the world over in economicdevelopment, the contri bution of the services sector (like informationtechnology, transportation, tourism, financial services etc) to India'sGross National Product (GNP), exceeds the contribution made by theagriculture or the manufacturing industry sectors. It has beenestimated that India's travel and tourism economy directly orindirectly accounts for 4.9% of the country's GOP (The 2004 Traveland To urism Economic Research, WTTC). According to a studyconducted by the Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy (CMIE), thenumber of tourists arriving in India has gone up from 20,26,743 lakhsin April- Jan, 1999-2000 to 21, 52,848 lakhs in the correspondingperiod of 2000-2001 From 2002 onwards, there has been exponentialincrease in foreign tourist arrivals and from 23.84 lakhs in 2002 itincreased to 33.67 lakhs in 2004. There is 43% increase in fo reigntourist arrivals, compared to 2002 arrivals.The exponential growth of foreign tourist arrivals in 2002 2004, alsocorresponds to the foreign exchange earnings. In 2003-04, there hasbeen 48% increase in foreign exchange earnings from 2001-02(Ministry of To urism, Government of India) The higher earnings are aresult of increase in arrivals combined with high per capita spendingof tou rist in general Tourism is emerging as one of Ind ia's largestexport industries in India offering numerous opportunities.. Forentrepreneurs large and small, and those looking for employment,tourism is a relatively easy industry to enter.Indian approach to tourism developmentThe first conscious and organized efforts to promote tourism in Indiawas made in the year 1945, when a committee was set up by theGovernment of India under the chairmanship of Sir John Sargent,The main objective of the committee was to encourage and developtourist traffic both internal and external by all possible means .. Since,Independence, India has made sincere effort to boost tourism as4
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Page 9 and 10: incentives and concessions as were
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Page 13 and 14: which need to be given as much, if
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Page 17 and 18: In theory and on paper, free access
Page 19 and 20: such powers and authority as may be
Page 21 and 22: permitting individual states to leg
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Page 25 and 26: in the Schedule XI. The decision-ma
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Page 29 and 30: panchayat elections mobilize suppor
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Page 33 and 34: shares of such proceeds;•The dete
Page 35 and 36: (i) The plans prepared by the Munic
Page 37 and 38: 25 yrs. A member of the Municipalit
Page 39 and 40: every state is to open their record
Page 41 and 42: advice in disputes between a state
Page 43 and 44: as "charged" category as opposed to
Page 45 and 46: through customary methods. The Gram
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Page 49 and 50: to function as units of self-govern
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Page 53 and 54: Cultural Activities Food May or may
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Recommendation of the Gram Sabhaor
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Minor irrigation, water managementa
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and in no way a c c ommodates the l
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Q)ospecial schemes and projectsof t
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decentralized democracy atthe grass
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staff are all with thePanchayats. T
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encoachievements of the Left Front
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This leads us to probe into the iss
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Sterling Publishers Private Limited
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6. Zilla Parishad: It constitutes t
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Institution of Local Self Governance and its Linkages with Tourism

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