Institution of Local Self Governance and its Linkages with Tourism

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seen in its various Five-Year plans .. During first five year plan period(1951-1956), ministry of transport looked after the subject of To urism.The second five-year plan of 1957-62 earmarked funds exclusivelyfor the development of tourism in both centre and state sector.I n the fou rth Plan (1967-72), under the new arrangement the CentralDepartment of tourism took over planning and development offacilities suitable for overseas tourists, thus enabling it to expand itstourist promotion overseas by making available adequate quantity ofbetter quality and variety of literature in a number of foreignlanguages. During the fifth plan (1972-1977) the main objectivestrategy was to promote 'destinational tourists traffic' that is, thosewho come primarily to holiday in India and not on transit throughIndia. The fifth Plan also laid down criteria for selecting centers fortourism development. The criteria were a) tourism preferences to bedetermined by the existing patterns of travel within the country. b)The actual or potential attraction of a place for tourism beca use of itshistorical or archaeolog ical significance or scenic beauty. c) Itsaccessibility d) its development in relation to the existing or futuretravel patterns of tourists to within the country. e) Its relation to theoverall promotional strategy and the developed programme of theDepa rtment. f) The investment that the State Government concernedwould make at the place for developing the infrastructure such asroads, water and electricity supply, transport facilities, etc.The 6th Plan (1977-82) saw the emergence of first tourism policy andfor the first time, Planning Commission recognized the importance ofboth domestic and international tourism, and its capacity ingenerating social and economic benefits like promotion of nationalintegration and international understanding, creation of employmentopportunities, removal of regional imbalances, increaSing foreignexchange earnings, thus redressing the balance of paymentssituation, etc.The 7th Plan (1985-1990) gave tourism an industry status (exceptionbeing Goa which is yet to consider it as an industry), which impliedthat such business activities would in future be entitled to the same5
incentives and concessions as were applica ble to an export industry.In the Eighth Plan, thrust was on involving private sector by providingbetter incentives and equity support towards the proj ect costs.Another scheme for strengthening tourism infrastructure was thespecial tourism areas (STA) scheme, under which the participation ofcentra l, state governments and private sector was envisaged. Duringthis period Government announced a number of measures in theareas of industrial policy, financial sector reforms and overall macroeconomicmanagement. The initiative taken by the governmentallowed direct fo reign investment up to 51 % in high priority industries,and hotels and tourism and related industries .. Above measures werethe ingredients of the National Action Plan 1992 to practicallyimplement those various concerns tuned towards globalization. TheNinth Five Year Plan (1997-2002) realized that number of middle andlower middle class tourists visiting distant places in the country is onthe increase.The approach to tourism development in the Ninth Plan was oncoord inated efforts by the public and private sector .The major thrustareas in the Ninth Plan were: a) Ind igenous· and Natural HealthTourism b) Rural and Village Tourism c) Pilgrim Tourism d) AdventureTourism e) Heritage Tourism f) Yo uth and Senior Citizens Packagers.The Ninth Plan also suggested giving U export house" status totourism sector. Special emphasis was laid on tourism promotion inNorth East India, inter sectoral coordination and human resourcedevelopment for tourism.The Tenth Five-Year Plan (2002-07)) recognized the factorsresponsible for the inadeq uate growth of tourism sector in India whichare low levels of investments lack of priority given to the developmentof sector and lack of interest on the part of state governments One ofthe key objectives of the Tenth Plan is to facilitate the implementationof Tourism Policy 2002. The Plan has suggested five key strategies toachieve vision of tourism policy, these are: positioning tourism as anational priority, enhancing India's competitiveness as tourismdestination, improving and expanding product development, creation6
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Page 5 and 6: fu nctions across various levels of
Page 7: The Indian ScenarioIn keeping with
Page 11 and 12: tourism project may have.The nation
Page 13 and 14: which need to be given as much, if
Page 15 and 16: a) Cross-border supply of the servi
Page 17 and 18: In theory and on paper, free access
Page 19 and 20: such powers and authority as may be
Page 21 and 22: permitting individual states to leg
Page 23 and 24: Panchayat and authorize it to appro
Page 25 and 26: in the Schedule XI. The decision-ma
Page 27 and 28: • Though the provision talks abou
Page 29 and 30: panchayat elections mobilize suppor
Page 31 and 32: III) Constitution and composition o
Page 33 and 34: shares of such proceeds;•The dete
Page 35 and 36: (i) The plans prepared by the Munic
Page 37 and 38: 25 yrs. A member of the Municipalit
Page 39 and 40: every state is to open their record
Page 41 and 42: advice in disputes between a state
Page 43 and 44: as "charged" category as opposed to
Page 45 and 46: through customary methods. The Gram
Page 47 and 48: of the locals like enfo rcing prohi
Page 49 and 50: to function as units of self-govern
Page 51 and 52: Minor forests produce opening the f
Page 53 and 54: Cultural Activities Food May or may
Page 55 and 56: tourism sector, are to keep in mind
Page 57 and 58: Recommendation of the Gram Sabhaor
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Minor irrigation, water managementa
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and in no way a c c ommodates the l
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Q)ospecial schemes and projectsof t
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decentralized democracy atthe grass
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staff are all with thePanchayats. T
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0)0)After a lot of wavering,Ta mil
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encoachievements of the Left Front
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This leads us to probe into the iss
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Scheduled areas were against the la
Page 77 and 78:
Sterling Publishers Private Limited
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6. Zilla Parishad: It constitutes t
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Institution of Local Self Governance and its Linkages with Tourism

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