to6anxiety to a lecturer if they commence a lengthy introduction, as theyfrequently do as soon as the curtain or title slide is thrown on the screen,the gas is going <strong>and</strong> the slide exposed to the risk <strong>of</strong> being broken with theheat. If the chairman must have his say, let it be before the lights arelowered. If the lecture is the usual printed one, it should have been well rehearsedin private, <strong>and</strong> each slide gone over, to become familiar with thesubject described ;every lecturer knows the difference when talking <strong>of</strong> aplace he is familiar with. When describing any particular feature in theview, it should be pointed out by the lecturer either with a pointer, or ifthe screen is very large, by the aid <strong>of</strong> a fishing rod, as this is portable fortravelling. Do not tell the audience what they are to expect in thesucceeding picture, for instance— when an effect is introduced, we haveheard it said : "<strong>The</strong> next picture will be by moonlight, <strong>and</strong> after that thewindows will light up." It spoils the whole charm <strong>of</strong> the change, ifattention must be drawn, let it be after the change has taken place, donot stop the reading <strong>and</strong> turn <strong>and</strong> watch the screen, practised lecturersnever do this, it causes an unpleasant gap in the lecture.<strong>The</strong> most effective lectures are those spoken <strong>and</strong> not read. Thosewho feel it necessary to read their MS. should practice reading it aloudseveral times before it is to be publicly delivered, that they may befamiliar with the subject.When writing <strong>and</strong> arranging the materialfor a lecture, let the wordingbe simple <strong>and</strong> the sentences short <strong>and</strong> concise. A sentence consisting <strong>of</strong>severallines without a stop becomes wearisome, make the lecture to theslides, <strong>and</strong> not what is generally done, the slides to the lecture.Avoid statistics <strong>and</strong> lugubrious wording, a terse <strong>and</strong> racey description,with a well told anecdote here <strong>and</strong> there willbe found most appreciatedby the listeners, as they want to be amused as well as instructed,plenty <strong>of</strong> pictures with a compact description is all that is needed.Lecturers sometimes will talk on one picture for 15 minutes, going intotechnical details that are most wearisome to the majority <strong>of</strong> theiraudience.A slide should not remain on longer than two minutes, <strong>and</strong> many noteven so long as this. In lectures <strong>of</strong> a popular <strong>and</strong> entertaining character,it is desirable to introduce a little music, <strong>and</strong> if the lecturer is a musician,the introduction <strong>of</strong> a few songs <strong>of</strong> an appropriate character, after thestyle <strong>of</strong> Corney Grain, <strong>and</strong> Grossmith, are a pleasant change; sentimentalsongs, as a rule, are quite out <strong>of</strong> place in a <strong>lantern</strong> exhibition unlessthey are exceedingly appropriate. If a musician is to be employed
107as well as the lecturer, a system <strong>of</strong> cues <strong>and</strong> signalsshould be arrangedbetween them, a few bars played now <strong>and</strong> again during dissolving,appropriate air during the showing <strong>of</strong> effects <strong>and</strong> statuary.or an<strong>The</strong>re should be some well understood code <strong>of</strong> signals between thelecturer <strong>and</strong> the <strong>lantern</strong> operator, a verbal signal such as "the nextpicture, please," or the concluding words, " as our next picture willshow," are irritating to anyone who has the least idea what an exhibitionshould be. Reading lamps are now made with a colored glass, which isuncovered by a touch <strong>of</strong> the finger on the yjever, a small bell is alsoattached, but this is nearly as bad as the spoken signal.We once manipulated a <strong>lantern</strong> for a lecturer who used neither readinglamp nor bell, but carried a pointer in his h<strong>and</strong>, <strong>and</strong> being strange to hisdelivery, was asked what signal he should give us, as he always held thepointer in his right h<strong>and</strong>, we suggested that he should change it to his lefth<strong>and</strong> when he required the picture changed, <strong>and</strong> if we failed to observethis to gently tap it once on the floor, as though it was brought downin the usual manner, this worked perfectly satisfactory, <strong>and</strong> the tap notresorted to more than once or twice at the most. <strong>The</strong> best system <strong>of</strong>any for signaling is a small electric battery <strong>and</strong> bell, the bell covered withwash leather or removed entirely, tlie bell is fitted inside the box containingthe battery. We believe now that the battery is entirely superseded,a small magnetic arrangement taking its place. <strong>The</strong> wires are carriedbetween the operator <strong>and</strong> lecturer, who has a small bell push fixed to hisdesk or held in his h<strong>and</strong>, no sound is audible except to the operator,who is conscious <strong>of</strong> a sharp tapping or rattling sound in the box, one tapfor next picture, two taps for focus, three taps look to the lights or picture,<strong>and</strong> so on ; by this means a code <strong>of</strong> communication is made.<strong>The</strong> whole affair is put up in a few minutes, the wires running alongthe ground underneath the matting, or if there is a gallery, the wires laidalong any <strong>projection</strong>, there is really no difficulty in fixing it anywhere,<strong>and</strong> the little extra trouble is repaid in the working, for nothing is so bad<strong>and</strong> irritating to the <strong>lantern</strong>ist as to be told to focus up, <strong>and</strong> if he is60 feet away it is no easy task to distinguish between a good focus <strong>and</strong>bad, especially if he has been looking at the naked light.
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THEPROJECTIO,MA GIC LANTERN MANUAL
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OCSBLIBRAPY
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..INDEXA.Adjustment of a JclAlumini
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—increased by the aid of a powerf
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far back as 1811. Lanterns of the a
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mixadvisable to have a mahogany, or
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8A condenser can only take those ra
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There is a considerable difference
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12occasions, it is only necessary t
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14Triplexicon was first made it was
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i6aid of two screws. The two slots
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perfection, combustion, and purity,
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20back of lantern, in that case the
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sumed, the flow should be adjusted
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24which is passed over the rod, and
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26gases to be shut off without dist
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28made in their get up. We have nev
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3tserve to distribute the same to t
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(V>ao—IH
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;33the thing a study, and used such
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V>-is:a
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35who designed the body of this lan
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37far back but equally flat to the
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39ceding one, therefore giving grea
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4tthe same as they do, in fact it i
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—43reducing same as low as possib
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45With all three discs, as coincide
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47and the slides may be placed in a
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49inch and inch and-a-half screws,
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SIshowing, gently push back the cov
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53sun rising and illuminating the p
- Page 69 and 70: 55large slides it was necessary to
- Page 71 and 72: 57A. Is a right angle prism, being
- Page 73 and 74: 59small diameter as through an obje
- Page 75 and 76: —6isize of disc can be produced.
- Page 77 and 78: —63COMPRESSED GASES.Compressed ga
- Page 79 and 80: 6sNO DANGER WITH GAS CYLINDERS,OR B
- Page 81 and 82: "67valves are of little use as a me
- Page 83 and 84: 69to reach our compressors without
- Page 85 and 86: ——71ascertain their bursting po
- Page 87 and 88: —73bottles black, and hydrogen (o
- Page 89 and 90: ;Having blown through every tube to
- Page 91 and 92: 77controlling the flow of compresse
- Page 93 and 94: 79The Duplex.—The chieffeaturecon
- Page 95 and 96: —8icarries the gas to the orifice
- Page 97 and 98: 83the above-mentioned tube, whilst
- Page 99 and 100: 8sTable for Ascertaining the Quanti
- Page 101 and 102: 87On no account use two separate bo
- Page 103 and 104: 89virtue, and if required to be use
- Page 105 and 106: 91In finishing up, turn out the hgh
- Page 107 and 108: 93good support in one sense— but
- Page 109 and 110: 95another takes its place without a
- Page 111 and 112: 97opposite side to that which he is
- Page 113 and 114: 99without doubt, this is the only t
- Page 115 and 116: lOIFig 56.SCREEN FRAMES.Considerabl
- Page 117 and 118: I03and hauled up. The pulley blocks
- Page 119: PRACTICAL HINTS TO INTENDING LECTUR
- Page 123 and 124: 109Fig. 57- Fig. 58.READING LAMP.A
- Page 125 and 126: oils have to be substituted simply
- Page 127 and 128: 1^3Fig. 54.A cheap but none the les
- Page 129 and 130: 115Directions.— Having thoroughly
- Page 131 and 132: 117objectives which will not give s
- Page 133 and 134: 119is immersed, then as the water e
- Page 135 and 136: 12Ireadily splits up by cleavage) a
- Page 137 and 138: 123particular kind of structure und
- Page 139 and 140: 125the complementary colour to red
- Page 141 and 142: 127of a combined microscope and pol
- Page 143 and 144: 129without this defect is well nigh
- Page 145 and 146: 131diameter, and focus, the general
- Page 147 and 148: 133The loss of light is not so grea
- Page 149 and 150: 135cheap as circular pattern, but t
- Page 151 and 152: ^37A variety of subjects may be tre
- Page 153 and 154: —139on an average far superior re
- Page 155 and 156: —141development, immerse in the f
- Page 157 and 158: 143Hydrokinone.Solution I. Solution
- Page 159 and 160: —145Add r drop of solution of Bro
- Page 161 and 162: 147crystal varnish, some red sable
- Page 163 and 164: 149boiled oil to the medium. Perfec
- Page 165 and 166: ;151sienna to impart warmth without
- Page 167 and 168: iS3front glass injuring the paintin
- Page 169 and 170: 155Fig 73-Fig 74.handle to which th
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;157follows :—one end of the fram
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159on any slide providing it is dar
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i6iTrough, which consists of two gl
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—i63It is advisable to fill the t
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i65matter on the surface of the pur
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—167planation we have indicated i
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169single light box is very mislead
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ADVERTISEMENTS.
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ADVERTISEMENTS. 173HAZELL, WATSON,
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ADVERTISEMENTS.I75Brilliant Effect.
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;ADVERTISEMENTS.ILIFFE & SOIL'SP HO
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ADVERTISEMENTS. 179ENORMOUS SUCCESS
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ADVERTISEMENTS.HUGHES' NEW PATTERN
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ADVERTISEMENTS. 183RussianJronJLamp
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TheADVERTISEMENTS. 185THE GRIND BIU
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nothingADVF.RTISE^[E^TS.iS7HUGHES'H
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THE MINIATURE MALDEN TRIPLE.HUGHES'
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No. 1 Lantern.THE: UNIVERSALMAGICLA
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!ADVERTISEM ENTS.Hughes' Special Pa
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:ADVERTISEMENTS. 191To Lecturers an
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ADVERT iSF.MENTS.1^3I^ ANTERNNEGATI
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ENGLANDSLANTERNAREPLATESUNSURPASSED
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A 000 618 714